全文获取类型
收费全文 | 432篇 |
免费 | 19篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 8篇 |
大气科学 | 32篇 |
地球物理 | 150篇 |
地质学 | 164篇 |
海洋学 | 35篇 |
天文学 | 50篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
自然地理 | 16篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 15篇 |
2012年 | 7篇 |
2011年 | 18篇 |
2010年 | 16篇 |
2009年 | 24篇 |
2008年 | 22篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 17篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 9篇 |
2002年 | 10篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1951年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有456条查询结果,搜索用时 397 毫秒
141.
Dr Par Claude Lang 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1986,48(1):64-70
Zoobenthic communities were used to indicate the trophic state of three mountain lakes of western Switzerland. In these lakes,
the macrobenthos was constituted mainly by oligochaetes and chironomid larvae;Tubifex tubifex was the most abundant worm species. In Lakes Lioson and Hongrin, the abundance of zoobenthos did not change or increased
slightly with depth andStylodrilus heringianus was present. In Lake Chavonnes, zoobenthos decreased strongly with depth and it consisted mainly ofTubifex tubifex. These data, compared with those from other oligotrophic lakes, indicated that Lake Chavonnes was eutrophic whereas Lakes
Lioson and Hongrin were oligotrophic. However, Lake Hongrin—an artificial lake made in 1968—constituted a special case. Its
water comes in part from mountain rivers and in part from Lake Geneva. Consequently, some benthic species of Lake Geneva have
colonized Lake Hongrin and its water is warmer than in a typical mountain lake.
相似文献
142.
Résumé La pegmatite de Covide (Nord-Portugal) fournit un nouvel exemple de litage à quartz-albite-feldspath potassique. Son étude conduit à proposer un modèle de pétrogenèse magmatique faisant intervenir des processus de double diffusion dans un gradient de température. Ces processus provoquent la formation simultanée et périodique de niveaux millimétriques d'albite, en »planchers flottants« horizontaux. Chaque cellule, phénomène-unité du litage compris entre deux niveaux planchers successifs, évolue ensuite en système clos par cristallisation orientée centripète. L'organisation litée est acquise en milieu magmatique liquide.
The Covide pegmatite, (Northern Portugal), exhibit a new example of K-feldspar, Albite, quartz layering. The present study leads to propose a magmatic petrogenetit model, with double diffusive processe in temperature gradient allowing the simultaneous growth of millimetric and horizontal »floating layers« of albite. Each cell, unit-phenomenon between two consecutive boundary layers, evolves in closed system with a centripetal, oriented crystallization. The layered organisation is obtaind in the magmatic liquid medium.
Zusammenfassung Der Pegmetit aus Covide (Nordportugal) stellt ein neues Beispiel für Quarz-Albitfeldspat Wechsellagerung dar. Seine Untersuchung führt zu einem magmatischen Petrogenesemodell, bei dem Prozesse der Doppeldiffusion in einem Temperaturgefälle intervenieren. Diese Prozesse bewirken die gleichzeitige und periodische Bildung von millimeterdicken Albitflächen in horizontalen »schwimmenden Flächen«. Jede Zelle, die ein Phänomen der Einheit der Anlagerungsfläche zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Flächenlagen ist, entwickelt sich schlie\lich durch zentripetale Kristallisierung zu einem geschlossenen System. Die schichtweise Anordnung erfolgt im flüssigen magmatischen Milieu.
Covide ( ) - . , . . , , -, , .相似文献
143.
144.
Rare gas systematics: formation of the atmosphere, evolution and structure of the Earth's mantle 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To explain the rare gas content and isotopic composition measured in modern terrestrial materials we explore in this paper an Earth model based on four reservoirs: atmosphere, continental crust, upper mantle and lower mantle.This exploration employs three tools: mass balance equations, the concept of mean age of outgassing and the systematic use of all of the rare gases involving both absolute amount and isotopic composition.The results obtained are as follows: half of the Earth's mantle is 99% outgassed. Outgassing occurred in an early very intense stage within the first 50 Ma of Earth history and a slow continuous stage which continues to the present day. The mean age of the atmosphere is 4.4 Ga.Our model with four main reservoirs explains quantitatively both isotopic and chemical ratios, assuming that He migrates from the lower to the upper mantle whereas the heavy rare gases did not.Noble gas fluxes for He, Ar and Xe from different reservoirs have been estimated. The results constrain the K content in the earth to 278 ppm. Several geodynamic consequences are discussed. 相似文献
145.
Xavier Le Pichon Toshimishi Iiyama Jacques Boulgue Jacques Charvet Michel Faure Kenichi Kano Siegfried Lallemant Hakuyu Okada Claude Rangin Asahiko Taira Tetsuro Urabe Seiya Uyeda 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1987,83(1-4)
Eight submersible dives between 3000 and 4200 m water depth were made off southern Japan in the eastern Nankai subduction zone. Benthic communities associated with chemosynthetic processes were discovered along the 800 m wide active tectonic zone, at the toe of the accretionary prism. A benthic community was also discovered along a zone of active compression, at the foot of Zenisu Ridge, 30 km south of Nankai Trough. Temperature measurements within the sediments below the benthic communities confirm that upward motion of interstitial water occurs there. Studies of water samples indicate advection of methane and light hydrocarbons. Specimens of the benthic community have been shown to have included in their shells carbonate resulting from methane consumption. Thus the benthic communities are related to overpressure-driven fluid advection along tectonic zones with active surface deformation. A 300 m high active scarp at the toe of the accretionary prism is related to relative motion in a 280° direction which is close to the 305° average direction of subduction in this area. The dives establish further that compressive deformation is presently occurring at the foot of Zenisu Ridge. The previous interpretation of the Zenisu Ridge as a zone of recent north-south intraplate shortening, 40 km south of the Nankai Trench, is confirmed. We conclude that tectonic evolution might well lead to future detachment of the Zenisu Ridge and overthrusting of this large piece of oceanic crust over the continental margin. Such a process might be an efficient one to emplace ophiolites over continents. 相似文献
146.
Dominique Dron Jacques Boulgue Asahiko Taira Claude Rangin 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1987,83(1-4)
The Tenryu Canyon deep-sea fan biological community is characterized by both reduced and oxidized sediments in the immediate vicinity of the pore water vents. The upper sediments in contact with the clams are reduced, the organic matter is enriched in sulfur, and inorganic sulfides (Fe, Cu, Zn) are forming. Towards the outer fringes of the communities the sediment is oxidized and metals generally associated with ferro-manganese oxides are concentrated. Several metals, Cd, Pb, Mo show distributions which are strongly influenced by the metabolism of the clam colony. Comparison of water and sediment geochemistry leads to the conclusion that there should be a downward flux of oxygenated seawater on the boundaries of the colony and an upward flux of chemically more reduced deep pore water at the location of the colony. Trace metals anomalies as well asδ15N anomalies of organic matter may be useful to prospect for extinct venting areas in ancient subduction zones. 相似文献
147.
(Marseille–Cassis–Bouches–du-Rhône). The salinity of the karstic submarine spring of Port-Miou has sometimes been attributed to the leaching of continental evaporites. Our recent chemical and isotopic analyses indicate a simple mixing between fresh karstic water and seawater. In the main gallery, the contamination by seawater, still present up to 2.2 km from the entrance at a depth of 147 m below the sea level, forces us to think about a general geometry that allows mixing of waters, at a great depth, in the karstic system. The measurements of the discharge of the spring indicate an excess of water compared with its supposed watershed, whereas a succinct evaluation of the aquifers of the Lower Provence indicates a deficit of discharge. Consequently, it seems possible that parts of the calcareous areas of the Lower Provence feed the springs of Port-Miou with a total catchment area of 1200 km2. This deep and large karstic system was probably installed during the Messinian period, when the important lowering of the level of the Mediterranean Sea provoked an important gradient between Provence and the seashore. To cite this article: B. Blavoux et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004). 相似文献
148.
High Precision Hf-W Isotopic Measurements in Meteoritic Material Using Negative Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (NTIMS) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ghylaine Quitté Jean-Louis Birck Françoise Capmas Claude J. Allègre 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2002,26(2):149-160
This paper presents a two-stage anion-exchange procedure for tungsten extraction, an improved mass spectrometric procedure for tungsten analysis and a simplified chemical separation and TIMS procedure for the determination of Hf concentrations. The chemical separation of tungsten is based on its complexing properties with HF and H2 O2 . The blank level for a sample size of 300 mg is about 80 pg for tungsten. The procedure is designed for the high sensitivity of negative thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (NTIMS) provided by the use of Mg oxide as an emitter on Ir filaments. Tungsten can be readily measured with a high precision in various meteoritical material and especially in small W-poor silicate fractions. Samples containing as little as a few ng g-1 tungsten can be analysed reliably with this method. 相似文献
149.
Mario Trieloff Joachim Kunz Claude J. Allgre 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2002,200(3-4):297-313
New noble gas data of ultramafic xenoliths from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean, further constrain the characteristics of primordial and radiogenic noble gases in Earth’s mantle plume reservoirs. The mantle source excess of nucleogenic 21Ne is significantly higher than for the Hawaiian and Icelandic plume reservoirs, similar to excess of radiogenic 4He. 40Ar/36Ar of the Réunion mantle source can be constrained to range between 8000 and 12 000, significant 129Xe and fission Xe excess are present. Regarding the relative contribution of primordial and radiogenic rare gas nuclides, the Réunion mantle source is intermediate between Loihi- and MORB-type reservoirs. This confirms the compositional diversity of plume sources recognized in other radioisotope systematics. Another major result of this study is the identification of the same basic primordial component previously found for the Hawaiian and Icelandic mantle plumes and the MORB reservoir. It is a hybrid of solar-type He and Ne, and ‘atmosphere-like’ or ‘planetary’ Ar, Kr, Xe (Science 288 (2000) 1036). 20Ne/22Ne ratios extend to maximum values close to 12.5 (Ne-B), which is the typical signature of solar neon implanted as solar corpuscular radiation. This suggests that Earth’s solar-type noble gas inventory was acquired by small (less than km-sized) precursor planetesimals that were irradiated by an active early sun in the accretion disk after nebular gas dissipation, or, alternatively, that planetesimals incorporated constituents irradiated in transparent regions of the solar nebula. Previously, such an early irradiation scenario was suggested for carbonaceous chondrites which follow common volatile depletion trends in the sequence CI–CM–CV–Earth. In turn, CV chondrites closely match Earth’s mantle composition in 20Ne/22Ne, 36Ar/22Ne and 36Ar/38Ar. This indicates that mantle Ar could well be a planetary component inherited from precursor planetesimals. However, a corresponding conclusion for mantle Kr and Xe is less convincing yet, but this may be just due to the lack of appropriate ‘meteoritic’ building blocks matching terrestrial composition. Alternatively, heavy noble gases in Earth’s mantle could be due to admixing of severely fractionated air, but this effect must have affected all mantle sources to a very similar extent, e.g. by global subduction before the last homogenization of the mantle reservoirs. 相似文献
150.
溶蚀空间形成及中国与世界其它地区碳酸盐岩近期溶蚀量对比分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
碳酸盐岩次生渗透性是成岩作用、构造作用、水动力作用及生物化学作用的综合结果。在这些作用影响下,有的岩溶形态发育相当快,因此,了解溶蚀速度对于更好地理解岩溶水文地质问题是很重要的, 本文在评价当前碳酸敖岩溶蚀速度几种方法的基础上,对近年来从中国和世界几个其它岩溶地区获得的碳酸盐岩溶蚀观测资料进行了对比。结果表明,气候条件对碳酸盐岩溶蚀速度有明显影响。 相似文献