Orbital control on cyclical organic matter accumulation in Early Silurian Longmaxi Formation shales

High resolution(939 samples)total organic carbon content(TOC)analyses were conducted on the Shuanghe Section of^152.6 m in the Changning area,Sichuan Basin.The sampling section was divided into two units considering the distinct-different deposit environment and sediments accumulation rate.The lower part(Unit 1)and the peer part(Unit 2)with high resolution sample spacing(0.08–0.4 m)enables the identification of the precession cycle in two sedimentary sequences with distinct different sedimentary accumulation rate.MTM Power spectral analyses on untuned TOC series reveals significant peaks exceeding above the 95%confidence level and shows that both Unit 1 and Unit 2 have recorded Milankovitch cycles of 405 kyr long eccentricity,short eccentricity,obliquity and precession.The floating astronomical time scale(ATS)was constructed on the Shuanghe Section in the Early Silurian(~439.673–444.681 Ma),and which was calibrated by 405 kyr long eccentricity cycles.The total duration of the Wufeng and Longmaxi shales is 5.01 Myr.The floating ATS used for estimating the duration of the graptolite zones and each stage in the study interval.Finally,we postulated two models that could verify the linkage between orbital cycle and organic accumulation.To make sure whether productivity or preservation is the main factor that under long eccentricity control,the phase correlation between the obtained filtered signal and the theoretical orbital solution should be made clear in the further research.     

Density effects on solute release from streambeds

Contaminants that entered the streambed during previous surface water pollution events can be released to the stream, causing secondary pollution of the stream and impacting its eco-environmental condition. By means of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations, we investigated density effects on the release of solute from periodic bedforms. The results show that solute release from the upper streambed is driven by bedform-induced convection, and that density effects generally inhibit the solute release from the lower streambed. Density gradients modify the pore water flow patterns and form circulating flows in the area of lower streambed. The formation of circulating flows is affected by density gradients associated with the solute concentration and horizontal pressure gradients induced by stream slope. The circulating flows near the bottom of the streambed enhance mixing of the hyporheic zone and the ambient flow zone.     

2020年1月19日新疆伽师MS6.4地震InSAR同震形变场特征及发震构造初步探讨

基于Sentinel-1 SAR升、降影像,利用D-InSAR技术获取新疆伽师M S6.4地震的同震形变场,结果表明,本次地震引起的同震形变场整体呈近椭圆状分布,形变区东西长约66 km,南北宽约40 km,整个形变场由南部隆升区和北部沉降区组成,南部最大隆升量约7 cm,北部最大沉降量约3 cm。本次地震发生在块体俯冲界面处的低倾角逆冲推覆构造带上,隆升和沉降两个中心均位于逆冲推覆体的上盘,形变主要以隆升形变为主,符合低倾角逆断层中强震的变形特征。在沉降区与隆升区之间干涉条纹连续分布,未出现表征地表破裂位置的空间失相关带,表明地震未引起明显的地表破裂。结合震源机制、余震精定位及区域构造特征,初步推断认为伽师地震的发震构造可能为柯坪塔格推覆构造前缘的N倾的柯坪断裂。     

2020年1月19日新疆伽师MS6.4地震序列特征及后续趋势分析

介绍2020年1月18日新疆伽师M S5.4和1月19日M S6.4两次地震的基本参数、震源机制解、精定位等资料,分析伽师M S6.4地震序列类型、序列衰减特征和余震序列各项数字地震学资料,并就该序列与历史地震序列进行对比,提出震后趋势判定意见。分析认为,该序列为前—主—余型,余震序列衰减较为迅速。     

广东信宜井水位受降雨影响的回归分析

前兆水位观测中降雨影响的排除一直是困扰前兆流体观测的一个难题,在前人研究的基础上根据水位长时间断续升高和短时间单调升高两种情况统计了降雨参数与水位升高幅度的关系,分别建立了两种情况下降雨影响水位升高幅度的多元回归方程,从而为信宜井水位数据的日常分析提供了一种基于回归统计的定量排除降雨干扰的方法。回归分析结果显示:在苍梧地震前从2015年开始信宜井水位升高的幅度就偏高,震后偏低,这可能和地震前后区域应力场的调整有关。     

Water quality monitoring at a virtual watershed monitoring station using a modified deep extreme learning machine

ABSTRACT

A new deep extreme learning machine (ELM) model is developed to predict water temperature and conductivity at a virtual monitoring station. Based on previous research, a modified ELM auto-encoder is developed to extract more robust invariance among the water quality data. A weighted ELM that takes seasonal variation as the basis of weighting is used to predict the actual value of water quality parameters at sites which only have historical data and no longer generate new data. The performance of the proposed model is validated against the monthly data from eight monitoring stations on the Zengwen River, Taiwan (2002–2017). Based on root mean square error, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error and correlation coefficient, the experimental results show that the new model is better than the other classical spatial interpolation methods.     

基于多指标综合评分法筛选地表水环境优先污染物——以湖北涨渡湖为例

人类活动和社会经济迅速发展导致大量化学品排放进入地表水环境,对水生生态系统和人类健康产生诸多不利影响,如何从众多的化学品中筛选识别出具有潜在危害的优先污染物是水污染治理和管控的关键.本研究基于污染物环境暴露水平、持久性、生物累积性、生态风险和人体健康风险5个评价参数,构建多指标综合评分法定量筛选识别地表水环境优先污染物类别,并应用于涨渡湖水体中优先污染物清单的建立.污染物环境暴露水平基于靶向分析综合考虑了污染物环境实测浓度和检出频率.目标污染物持久性和生物累积性毒害性参数分别采用生物降解系数和正辛醇-水分配系数来表征.此外在物种敏感度分布法和评估因子法的基础上计算生态风险熵以定量表征生态风险,人体健康风险则由终生致癌风险指数或危害指数来表征.基于该多指标综合评分法可于涨渡湖水体7类151种特征污染物中筛查出41种优先污染物,主要包括11种多氯联苯、8种有机氯农药、6种多环芳烃、4种邻苯二甲酸酯、4种挥发性有机物和8种金属元素.鉴于不同地表水环境污染状况不同,通过多指标综合评分法可建立因地制宜的优先污染物清单,从而有利于形成以保护水生生物和人类健康为最终目标的优先污染物水质基准,为地表水环境污染物管控及治理提供方法学支撑和科学依据.     

环境因子及生态补水对乌梁素海“黄苔”年际暴发面积的影响(1986—2021年)

“黄苔”是丝状绿藻大量增殖并漂浮聚集在水面的一种藻类水华,是乌梁素海面临的重大水环境问题之一。本研究基于文献数据整合和Landsat TM/OLI系列卫星影像反演,追溯了乌梁素海近35年(1986—2021年)的水质变化和“黄苔”暴发历程,通过相关性分析和多元线性回归等方法,分析了乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发的年际影响因子。乌梁素海水体化学需氧量、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)浓度在年尺度上呈下降趋势,但仍处于富营养状态(TLI(∑)>50)。相关性分析结果表明,乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发面积与TP、TN、氨氮、气温呈显著正相关,与出水量、风速、沉水植被面积、入水量呈显著负相关;多元线性回归结果表明,沉水植被面积和出水量是影响乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发面积的主要因子。生态补水工程的实施增加了乌梁素海出入水量,降低了水体TP、TN浓度,也造成沉水植被退化,使“黄苔”暴发的扩张趋势得以遏制。然而,乌梁素海现有营养条件、基质条件仍适宜附着藻生长和“黄苔”暴发。在全球气候变化背景下,气温升高和风力减弱可能会加剧这一现象。建议采取多种措施以防控乌梁素海“黄苔”暴发,如生态补水、外源营养盐管控、沉水植被调控、引水活...     

Developing land use scenario dynamics model by the integration of system dynamics model and cellular automata model

Models of land use change are useful tools for un-derstanding the analysis of the cause and conse-quences of land use changes, assessing the impacts of land use system on ecological system and supporting land use planning and policy[1,2]. Modeling land use scenario changes and its potential impacts on the structure and function of the ecosystem in the typical regions are regarded as one of the good ways to un-derstand the interactive mechanism between land use system and ecological system[3―10…