河流静水滩区潜流带水交换空间分布模式研究（英文）

Hyporheic zone(HZ) influences hydraulic and biogeochemical processes in and alongside streams, therefore, investigating the controlling geographic factors is beneficial for understanding the hydrological processes in HZ. Slack water pool (SWP) is an essential micro-topographic structure that has an impact on surface water and groundwater interactions in the HZ during and after high flows. However, only a few studies investigate HZ surface water and groundwater exchange in the SWP. This study used the thermal method to estimate the HZ water exchange in the SWP in a segment of the Weihe River in China during the winter season. The findings show that on the flow-direction parallel to the stream, river recharge dominates the HZ water exchange, while on the opposing flow-direction bank groundwater discharge dominates the water exchange. The water exchange in the opposing flow-direction bank is about 1.6 times of that in the flow-direction bank. The HZ water exchange is not only controlled by flow velocity but also the location and shape of the SWP. Great water exchange amount corresponds to the shape with more deformation. The maximum water exchange within the SWP is close to the river bank where the edge is relatively high. This study provides some guidelines for water resources management during flooding events.     

深反射地震成像揭示的班公湖 怒江缝合带中段Moho断阶及其大地构造意义

揭示班公湖- 怒江(班怒)缝合带Moho(莫霍面)结构对于认识中特提斯洋壳俯冲和南羌塘坳陷成因具有重要地球动力学意义。基于横跨班怒缝合带的深反射地震数据(88°30′E),本文采用了中长波长静校正、噪声压制、优化叠加和叠前深度偏移(PSDM)等地震处理技术,获得了深度域地震反射偏移剖面、层速度场和高分辨率Moho结构。由深度域剖面显示,班怒缝合带Moho位于地表以下65～80 km,呈不连续北向抬升趋势,指示在拉萨地块与南羌塘地块之间存在岩石圈上地幔断阶,最大阶步可达15 km。综合分析缝合带两侧的Moho形态认为,这些断阶受南侧拉萨地体的岩石圈上地幔以19. 5°北倾俯冲与北侧南羌塘地块的上地壳抬升驱动,可能与深部存在局部熔融相关。班怒缝合带下的Moho结构表明,随着晚侏罗世—早白垩世中特提斯洋闭合,南羌塘地体由边缘海沉积向前陆盆地转换,形成南羌塘坳陷。     

GPS接收机中抗多路径干扰技术研究

从多路径信号对码跟踪精度的影响入手,得出在多路径干扰下,用窄相关器可以部分修正多路径对码环的跟踪误差。微脉冲相关技术与宽的标准相关器和窄相关器在伪距测量精度上相比是一种性能非常好的抗多路径技术。     

几种常见影像融合方法的比较

简述了多源遥感影像融合过程,并利用IKONOS-2的全色影像和多光谱影像,对常用的几种影像融合方法进行了试验与比较,同时对实验结果进行分析和讨论,结果表明小波变换融合算法总体优于其他几种融合方法。     

Distribution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments and core sediments of the Shenzhen Bay in Guangdong Province, China

The concentration of zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead and copper was measured on both surface sediments and core sediments in the Shenzhen Bay. The average contents of all metals have exceeded the background values in the coastal zone of Guangdong Province. Cadmium is a heavy pollution matter which indicates a strong pollution level according to the ecological risk coefficient method. The ecological risk index of the whole area is 299 which belongs to middle and strong level. The area with strong pollution level is the near shore area closing to the inside of Shenzhen Bay, Shakou area is in the middle level while the weak pollution level occurs in Shenzhenhe Estuary according to ecological risk index. The four sediment cores can be divided into two parts based on lead-210 dating, sediments size analysis and economic development period in surrounding areas since 1950 with strong human intervention. The sediment size, deposition rate and human activities have positive relationship with the contents of heavy metals which directly impact the pollution level of heavy metals in sediments in Shenzhen Bay.     

东海内陆架泥质沉积区全新世古环境变迁:有孔虫证据

对东海内陆架MD06-3040柱状样257个沉积物样品进行了有孔虫及其氧碳稳定同位素分析,应用底栖有孔虫组合和不同生态(表生/内生、内陆架/中外陆架)种的丰度,浮游有孔虫Globigerina.bulloides和Globigeri-noides.ruber的丰度及其稳定同位素记录,探讨了研究区全新世10.6cal.kaBP以来的古环境变迁。分析结果揭示了研究区全新世早期海面快速上升,沉积环境由滨岸内陆架(10.6～9.9cal.kaBP)、内陆架外缘(9.9～8.1cal.kaBP)转变至中陆架并达全新世最高海面(7.7～7.2cal.kaBP)。台湾暖流在8.0cal.kaBP起开始发育,并在6.0～2.8和0.7～0cal.kaBP两个时期派生出明显的上升流。台湾暖流及其所派生的上升流是造成东海陆架泥质快速沉积的最主要原因。采用浮游有孔虫G.bulloides的丰度变化,推测浙闽沿岸流在5.1cal.kaBP之前较弱,之后显著增强,其中在5.1～2.8cal.kaBP时期最为强盛。     

区域性海洋要素持续测量平台新技术概述

21世纪是海洋的世纪,海洋要素现场观测对海洋学研究、海洋工程建设和海上国防安全等诸多方面具有深远的意义.比如近年来气候的剧烈变化,就是由大气和海洋共同作用的结果,且受海洋的影响较大[1],因为海洋表层储存的热量比大气多1 000多倍.     

西施舌外套膜蛋白质组双向电泳体系的构建

建立了西施舌(Coelomactra antiquata)外套膜蛋白质组的双向凝胶电泳体系,比较分析了不同pH梯度胶条、水化条件的优化及不同染色方法对双向电泳结果的影响.结果表明:用pH 4～7的非线性胶条,水化时加上除盐步骤,采用硝酸银染色,即可获得高分辨率、高重现性的双向电泳图谱,为进一步研究西施舌外套膜蛋白质的组成奠定了基础.     

北黄海盆地地质构造特征及其在油气勘探中的意义

通过对近年来在北黄海盆地的油气勘探认识的总结,结合区域地质研究成果,从盆地的基底结构、地质结构和主要构造类型等方面对北黄海盆地的地质构造特征进行了分析。提出北黄海盆地是在前中生代结晶基底之上发展起来的,盆地经历了走滑拉分(J3-K1)、断陷(E2-E3)、拗陷(N—Q)3次主要的沉降作用过程,形成了下、中、上3个构造层,在盆地内发育了断裂、褶皱和潜山3种基本构造类型。盆地的这种构造特征为盆地内油气的生成运聚提供了物质基础和边界条件,特别是晚侏罗世—早白垩世由于走滑拉分形成的下构造层具有较好的生烃物质基础,同时还有良好的圈闭发育条件,后期的构造改造也有利于油气的生成聚集,应是北黄海盆地的主要勘探对象。     

栉孔扇贝(♀)×虾夷扇贝(♂)子一代杂种优势的SRAP分析

采用新型的分子标记技术(Sequence-related amplified polymorphism,简称SRAP)对栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)(♀)×虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)(♂)子一代及其双亲的遗传变异进行分析.从不同的引物组合中筛选出9对条带清晰、多态性丰富的组合,9对引物共产生了121条扩增带,其中多态性条带107条,平均每对引物组合产生11.89条多态标记.Shannon信息指数I分别为0.299 9、0.218 9、0.334 3,Nei's基因多样性指数h分别是0.196 4、0.141 1、0.218 9,栉孔扇贝与杂交后代的遗传距离是0.107 4,虾夷扇贝与杂交后代的遗传距离是0.228 7,聚类分析也显示了这一特点.从变异贡献率来看,3个群体的总变异中,有37.31%的变异来源于群体间,62.69%的变异来源于个体间.