阿拉善地块新生代构造作用——兼论阿尔金断裂新生代东向延伸问题

阿拉善地块在新生代的变形是青藏高原北部活动的直接结果,各方面的资料显示这种影响仅发生在中新世中晚期,前的活动性已经很低。阿尔金断裂的延伸并不能穿过阿拉善与南蒙古相关断裂相连,我们的研究更偏重认为阿尔金断裂没有进入阿拉善地区,而是经过金塔—花海盆地南缘的宽滩山—黑山地区与合黎山—龙首山南缘断裂相连,中新世中晚期,由于青藏高原北部重要的构造事件,青藏高原由南向北挤压河西走廊地区,造成了金塔—花海盆地内部由近南北向构造转变为近东西向构造。同时形成北山地区控制上第三系沉积(上新统)的东西向断裂。而阿拉善南缘产生右行走滑运动,地块的北部及内部则产生了近南北向的第三纪伸展构造,这些伸展构造以及金塔—花海盆地第三纪断裂控制的沉积与前人认为的强前陆、弱限制性边界的侧向挤出类似。我们认为阿拉善及蒙古地区中新世—上新世期间,由于受到青藏高原近南北向的挤压,产生区域性的"共轭"断裂系统,由于这些地区早期构造的控制,这些新活动的断裂主要迁就于老构造,以脆性活动为主,在蒙古国形成了沿阿尔泰山的北西—南东向断裂和东南部的北东—南西向"共轭"断裂系统,而阿尔金断裂与合黎山—龙首山南缘断裂则形成南侧的"共轭"断裂系统。北山以及金塔—花海地区则是这两组断裂的交汇地区,挤压作用明显,控制了新生代的沉积,并导致了新生代金塔—花海盆地的形成。阿拉善地块作为夹持在这两组断裂之间的地块,发生了一定程度的向东挤出运动,在其东缘贺兰山西侧形成了新生代的挤压构造,而在其东北缘和西南缘则迁就早期的韧性剪切带分别向北东和南西运动,产生相应的变形。该模型能够合理地解释阿拉善周围地区及其内部中新世以来的变形及其与青藏高原北部构造运动之间的关系。     

江西寻乌铜坑嶂钼矿床地质特征及其成矿时代

铜坑嶂钼矿床是目前南岭东段正在进行普查评价并取得重要进展的钼矿,它以独特的辉钼矿-萤石组合、特征的矿体内部结构变化趋势、辉钼矿颗粒大与品位富等宏观特征,有别于赣南已知的低品位斑岩型、与钨共(伴)生的石英脉型钼矿床。鉴于其产出的特定区域背景,通过Re-Os同位素研究,了解其成矿时代(134Ma),对研究其成矿机理及其在赣南燕山期区域性大规模成矿过程中的特殊性具有重要意义。     

塔里木板块西南缘钾质煌斑岩地球化学及源区特征

塔里木板块西南缘克里阳山区的钾质煌斑岩呈脉状产于前寒武纪埃连卡特群变质沉积岩中,其主要岩石类型有:金云母透辉石煌斑岩、假白榴石透辉石煌斑岩和含球粒透辉石煌斑岩。所有岩石具有低的SiO2(41.31%～44.84%)、TiO2(0.75%～0.86%)和高的MgO(7.30%～11.33%)和K2O(4.01%～6.01%)含量,K2O/Na2O比值介于2.77～12.49之间。同时,它们具有富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Sr、Ba、Th、U、K)和轻稀土元素(LREE),相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti)的特征,并且具有高的Sr同位素比值、相似的高度分异的REE配分模式。这些岩石的母岩浆来自于金云母角闪石石榴子石二辉橄榄岩的富集地幔,是该富集地幔部分熔融约5%～10%的产物,岩浆在上升侵位过程中受到地壳物质的混染较弱。富集地幔是俯冲的板块释放的富含钾质流体交代的结果。     

Fluidization： An Important Process in the Formation of the Qiyugou Au-bearing Breccia Pipes in Central China

Fluidization processes based on experiments are reviewed to gain some useful insights and comparisons with those that occur in hydrothermal systems. Field and petrographic work, and microscope observation were carried out on samples from the Qiyugou Au-bearing breccia pipes from the East Qinling region, Henan Province. Evidence from macro- and micro-textures suggests that the style of breccias in the Qiyugou area can be grouped into three types： （1） jigsaw fit-stockwork texture, in which the interval between clasts is marked by fractures or filled with calcite or quartz veins; （2） larger breccias that are supported by smaller breccias, rock flour and alteration materials; in this type clasts moved over short distances, creating open spaces; （3） fluidized texture, where the clasts of different lithologies have rounded shapes. These observations are compared with those resulting from experiments on fluidization processes. The results of this comparison suggest that fluidization is an important geological process in the formation of the Qiyugou Au-bearing breccia pipes and gold mineralization. In addition, fluidization processes such as expansion, bubbling, slugging, channeling and spouting must have contributed to the formation of the pipes and were conducive to the development of gold mineralization. In the Qiyugou breccia pipes, gold mineralization occurs as disseminations, in stockwork veins, and open space infills. The ore zones form subparallel sheets that are nearly perpendicular to the walls of the pipes.     

Bulk Chemical Composition of the Ningqiang Carbonaceous Chondrite： An Issue of Classification

The Ningqiang meteorite is a fall carbonaceous chondrite, containing various Ca-, Al-rich inclusions that usually escaped from secondary events such as high-temperature heating and low- temperature alteration. However, it has not yet been classified into any known chemical group. In order to address this issue, 41 elements of the bulk Ningqiang meteorite were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） and inductively coupled plasma atom emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） in this study. The Allende （CV3） carbonaceous chondrite and the Jilin （H5） ordinary chondrite were also measured as references, and our analyses are consistent with the previous results. Rare earth and other refractory lithophile elements are depleted in Ningqiang relative to both Allende and mean CK chondrites. In addition, the REE pattern of Ningqiang is nearly flat, while that of Allende shows slight enrichment of LREE relative to HREE. Siderophile elements of Ningqiang are close to those of mean CK chondrites, but lower than those of Allende. Our new analyses indicate that Ningqiang cannot be classified into any known group of carbonaceous chondrites, consistent with previous reports.     

A Study of Mesoproterozoic Iron Cosmic Micro-spherules from 1.8 Ga and 1.6 Ga Old Strata in the Ming Tombs District, Beijing

Numerous iron cosmic micro-spherules have been discovered from Mesoproterozoic strata including the Changzhougou Formation(1.8 Ga) and the Dahongyu Formation(1.6 Ga) of the Ming Tombs district,Beijing.There are 1 to 30 grains of cosmic spherules per 2 kg of a sandstone sample taken from the bottom of a coarse sandstone bed of the Changzhougou Formation and 56 grains per 3.69 kg of a rock sample from silicified carbonate rocks of the Dahongyu Formation.The surface textures of cosmic spherules analyzed by means of the secondary electron imagery are identical with those reported from references either domestic or abroad.So far the geo-ages of 1.8 Ga and 1.6 Ga of cosmic spherules from the Changzhougou and Dahongyu formations might be older than those reported in the world.Table 1 gives the electron probe analysis data of cosmic spherules for 30 spherule grains and 44 testing points as follows(%):FeO,80-95;Cr_2O_3;0-9.56;NiO,0-0.78;CoO,0-0.46; indicating that the Cr_2O_3 content is higher and FeO content lower in the Changzhougou Formation than in the Dahongyu Formation.The helium isotopic data of cosmic spherules as well as their host rocks vary greatly between the Changzhougou and the Dahongyu formations as shown in Table 2.The data of cosmic spherules of the Changzhougou Formation vs the Dahongyu Formation are 57.5/1.23 in ~3He/~4He(10~(-8));and 55.54/809.60 in ~4He(10~(-6)cm~3STP/g);those of coarse sandstone of the Changzhougou Formation vs silicified carbonate of the Dahongyu Formation are 3.39/2.59 in ~3He/~4He(10~(-8)) and 4.56/2.34 in ~3He(10~(-6)cm~3STP/g).The ratio of analytic data of helium isotopes are different for cosmic spherules and their host rocks;for example,the ~3He/~4He(10~(-8)) values are 16.96 and 0.48,and the ~4He (10~(-6)cm~3STP/g) are 12.18 and 345.98 for the Changzhougou and Dahongyu formations respectively.It was reported that the world's oldest micrometeorites had been found in the Meso-Proterozoic Satakunta Formation,Finland.However,the cosmic spherules from the Meso-Proterozoic Changzhougou and Dahongyu formations are 200 to 400 Ma older than those from the Satakunta Formation.Besides,one carbonaceous chondrite grain was discovered for the first time as the earliest remain formed in the solar nebula from the Dahongyu Formation.     

一种基于真实身份的BBS系统实名保障技术

用户身份的真实性一直是BBS系统管理的重要方面之一。采用SAML协议,将跨域单点登录中的认证技术引入到BBS系统中,从而实现了用户采用真实身份登录BBS系统,保证了BBS用户的实名。并以多个高校的BBS系统作为样例,建立起基于真实身份的示范BBS系统。     

广东省粤西地区凡纳滨对虾3种主要病毒的PCR与LAMP检测及流行病学特点分析

应用聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)和环介导等温扩增(Loop-Mediated Isothermal Ampli-cation,LAMP)两种检测技术分别对2009年广东省粤西地区养殖体系中凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei白斑综合症病毒(White Spot Syndrome,WSSV)、桃拉病毒(Taura Syndrome Virus,TSV)和传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus,IHHNV)的携带情况进行了调查。结果显示,WSSV和TSV的携带率较高,是该地区凡纳滨对虾的主要流行病毒种类;LAMP检测方法与PCR方法具有相当的灵敏度和特异性,但LAMP检测方法更加简单方便、快速且成本低。     

南大西洋风场和海浪场时空特征分析

本文根据1950～1995年共46a的南大西洋船舶气象报资料,按1*1和5*5网格统计的风、浪要素进行分析研究。通过分析每月风、浪各要素的等值线分布图,得出南大西洋风场与海浪场季节变化特点不如北半球各大洋显著,但仍有较明显的季节变化,只是季节性差异较小,冬季风比夏季风强盛,相应的平均波高、大浪大涌频率也较大;盛行风向、风浪传播方向、涌浪传播方向基本一致,低纬地区常年盛行东南浪,高纬地区则盛行偏西向浪。本文为船舶远洋交通运输、远洋出访和科学试验等活动,提供了较为翔实的风场和浪场资料及变化规律。     

阿尔泰山诺尔特地区库马苏金多金属矿的发现及找矿前景

库马苏金多金属矿床是最近在进行1∶2.5万土壤化探异常检查过程中发现的,位于新疆阿尔泰山北部诺尔特断陷盆地内。矿体产于下石炭统红山嘴组下亚组第一岩性段的凝灰质细—粉砂岩中,呈NW向带状展布,已控制矿体长逾500m,宽超过200m,矿体有北西翘起而向南东隐伏的可能,目前已控制储量金、铅、锌矿均达小型规模。矿体所在地区地球化学异常、矿化蚀变发育,矿点、矿化点密集,部分矿点已具有一定规模,只是限于地形和工作条件未进行系统的工程控制和详细检查,仅已评价过的20号矿点中就发现相当规模的矿体。通过与同一大地构造位置的哈萨克斯坦块状硫化物矿床特征的初步对比,并对区内地球化学异常、矿化蚀变带及其矿点分布情况进行综合分析,认为本区成矿条件优越,具有较好的找矿前景。