Cenozoic Adakite-type Volcanic Rocks in Qiangtang, Tibet and Its Significance

Volcanic rocks in the study area, including dacite, trachyandesite and mugearite, belong to the intermediate-acid, high-K calc-alkaline series, and possess the characteristics of adakite. The geochemistry of the rocks shows that the rocks are characterized by SiO2>59%, enrichment in A12O3(15.09-15.64%) and Na2O (>3.6%), high Sr (649-885 μg/g) and Sc, low Y contents (<17 μg/g), depletion in HREE (Yb<1.22 μg/g), (La/Yb)N>25, Sr/Y>40, MgO<3% (Mg<0.35), weak Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu=0.84-0.94), and lack of the high field strength elements (HFSE) (Nb, Ta, Ti, etc.). The Nd and Sr isotope data (87Sr/86Sr=0.7062-0.7079, 143Nd/144Nd=0.51166-0.51253, εNd= -18.61-0.02), show that the magma resulted from partial melting (10%-40%) of newly underplated basaltic lower crust under high pressure (1-4 GPa), and the petrogenesis is obviously affected by the crust's assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC). This research will give an insight into the uplift mechanism of the Tibetan plateau.     

江西银山铜铅锌金银矿床成矿流体及成矿机制研究

银山铜铅锌金银矿床住于江西省德兴市乐德成矿带中段，是我国南方规模巨大的铜铅锌金银矿化集中区。区内构造复杂、岩浆活动频繁，具有独特的成矿环境和有利的区域成矿背景。本文主要研究了银山矿床成矿流体种类、成矿温度、流体盐度、成矿物质来源和成矿机理。根据包裹体均一温度、盐度、成分和氢氧同位素等资料，推断本区成矿流体早期以岩浆热液为主，与铜金矿化关系密切。岩浆热液演化过程中与富含有机质的大气降水不断混合，由于有机质的作用，带来了从围岩中活化、萃取的有用元素，晚期铅锌银矿化与富含有机质的热液流体关系密切。研究表明流体的沸腾对矿质沉淀意义有限．而多种流体的混合在成矿过程中起了重要作用．其中有机流体在成矿中的作用不容忽视。     

微观结构超压机制与超高压矿物的形成

提出了由岩石及矿物的结构形态、岩石力学性质不同引起的微结构超压机制。对影响结构超压的诸因素(弹性参数、热物理性质)进行了数值模拟实验和定量分析。研究结果表明，结构压力对超高压岩石、矿物的形成具有重要的意义。结构压力随弹性模量差异、围限压力、温度改变量及热膨胀系数差异的增加而增大。在岩石、矿物的弹性模量相差5倍的条件下，结构附加压力可达到静岩压力的45％左右。如果再考虑热膨胀系数不同及降温引起的附加压力，在较一般的情况下，60公里左右深处就有可能具备柯石英等超高压矿物形成的下限压力条件。     

成岩带、近变质带与一维纳米级层状硅酸盐

运用X射线衍射分析技术，计算了成岩带、近变质带粘土矿物C^*方向的粒度。根据阿尔卑斯造山带前陆碎屑岩粘土矿物粒度与伊利石结晶指数的关系，推导出了伊利石、绿泥石、蒙脱石、伊蒙混层、高岭石和叶蜡石的c^*方向粒度变化趋势曲线。结果表明，大多数产于成岩带和近变质带的粘矿物其c6*方向粒工为几至几十纳米。成岩带和近为质带是一维天然纳为级土帮物的产地。     

A New Method for Clay Mineral Analysis and Its Application in Geology

X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks in a low-angle diffraction section of clay minerals, especially those of authigenic origin, have broadening and tailing features in shape. Using the five basic parameters, peak position, peak height, width, shape coefficient and asymmetry, to describe an XRD peak is more accurate, comprehensive and integrated than using only 3 of them, position, height and width. Following the concept of the five basic parameters of an XRD peak, the program Decoform proposed in this study provides more information in mineralogical analyses by fitting actual XRD profiles. In combination with the HW-IR plot, Decoform can be systematically and accurately used in the comprehensive analyses of crystallinity, domain size, lattice strain and quantitative phase. It is also of value for the geological investigations of diagenesis, metamorphism, basin maturity, structural stress field and so on.     

Geochemical Constraints of Sediments on the Provenance, Depositional Environment and Tectonic Setting of the Songliao Prototype Basin

The geochemistry of sediments is primarily controlled by their provenances, and different tectonic settings have distinctive provenance characteristics and sedimentary processes. So, it is possible to discriminate provenances, depositional environments and tectonic settings in the development of a sedimentary basin with the geochemistry of the clastic rocks. The analytical results of the present paper demonstrate that sediments in the Songliao prototype basin are enriched in silica (SiO2=66.48-80.51 %), and their ΣREE are 30-130 dmes of that of chondrite with remarkable Eu anomalies. In discriminating diagrams of Eu/Eu vs eeeeeREE and (La/Yb)N vs ΣREE, most samples locate above the line Eu/ Eu=l, on the right of the line Eu/Eu/ΣREE=1 and under the line La/Yb)N/eeeeeREE=1/8, which indicates that the depositional environment of sediments in the basin was oxidizing. In addition, variations of MgO, TiO2, A12O3, FeO+Fe2O3, Na2O and CaO vs SiO2 reflect a tendency of increasing mineral maturity of sediments     

The Shengli I Point Bar on the Yellow River Delta: Three-Dimensional Structures and Their Evolution

Point bars are well developed on the Yellow River delta, among which the Shengli I point bar is the most typical. The point bar, being about 4 km in length and several tens to more than 100 meters in width, is located on the south side of the Shengli Bridge in Kenli County, Dongying, Shandong. It is a typical fine-grained point bar with silt, which is predominant, some clay and minor plant debris and clay boulders. The Shengli I point bar has complicated 3-D structures. Firstly, in a plane view, it comprises mainly eight sedimentary units, bar edge, bar ridge, bar platform, bar plain, bar channel, bar gully, bar pond and bar bay, developing side by side and superimposed one by one in a complex way. Secondly, its vertical structures are very complex due to the partial superimposition of the 8 sedimentary units. Besides hydatogenesis, very intensive wind erosion, eolian, ice and meltwater actions are also visible on the Shengli I point bar. The complex form is made even more complicated because of the abo     

西藏札达盆地晚上新世古植被型分析

札达盆地晚上新世生长着以高山荒漠小灌木、草原、亚高山常绿针叶林和中低山常绿针叶林为主的植被。气候显示了从干旱寒冷至温暖湿润的垂向分异，总体偏于干、寒，属亚热带高山或亚高山类型。当时区内海拔已较高，南低北高的地势特征也已形成。古植被重建及现青藏高原的植被调查资料表明，当时盆地最低处的海拔可能不会超过2 500 m，其周围及北部可能存在海拔4 000 m的高地或更高的山峰。中、晚上新世迄今，该地区隆升的高度的可能不会超过1千米，幅度较喜马拉雅山中部地区小。     

两类埃达克岩(Adakite)的判别

埃达克岩是目前地学界的研究热点 ,普遍认为具有两种成因类型。在大量分析已经发表的两类埃达克岩资料的基础上 ,发现通过 Sr/Y- w (Y)散点图、Sr- Y× 10 - Zr三角图、Y/Yb- Sr/Y- L a/Yb三角图能够判别 , 类埃达克岩。     

塔里木盆地阿瓦提—满加尔低梁构造特征和形成演化

阿瓦提－满加尔低梁是介于阿瓦提凹陷与满加尔凹陷之间一个特殊的隆起构造，其在东西向上表现为宽缓的隆起形态，而在南北方向上则为凹陷面貌。该区沉积盖层可分为下、中、上3个构造层。下构造层由震旦系－泥盆系构成，所谓阿－满低梁主要即发育于该构造层。上构造层由白垩系－第四系构成，构造形态为－北西倾斜坡。由石炭系－三叠系构成的中构造层则是上、下构造层构造形态的过渡，总体上仍呈西北倾。阿－满低满自前震旦纪末塔里木运动以来经历了4大演化发展阶段：震旦纪－泥盆纪阿－满低梁形成发育阶段、石炭纪－三叠纪阿－满低梁改造阶段、侏罗纪－早第三纪北东倾斜坡发育阶段与晚第三纪－第四纪现今构造形成阶段。