Natural Hazards - On September 7, 2017, a slope failure occurred in Zhimei village, Chengduo County, Qinghai Province, China. This event involved the failure of 2.4?×?104 m3 of... 相似文献
Viscoelastic artificial boundaries are widely adopted in numerical simulations of wave propagation problems. When explicit time-domain integration algorithms are used, the stability condition of the boundary domain is stricter than that of the internal region due to the influence of the damping and stiffness of an viscoelastic artificial boundary. The lack of a clear and practical stability criterion for this problem, however, affects the reasonable selection of an integral time step when using viscoelastic artificial boundaries. In this study, we investigate the stability conditions of explicit integration algorithms when using three-dimensional (3D) viscoelastic artificial boundaries through an analysis method based on a local subsystem. Several boundary subsystems that can represent localized characteristics of a complete numerical model are established, and their analytical stability conditions are derived from and further compared to one another. The stability of the complete model is controlled by the corner regions, and thus, the global stability criterion for the numerical model with viscoelastic artificial boundaries is obtained. Next, by analyzing the impact of different factors on stability conditions, we recommend a stability coefficient for practically estimating the maximum stable integral time step in the dynamic analysis when using 3D viscoelastic artificial boundaries.
Acta Geotechnica - Distribution characteristics and strength of 3D discrete fractures have a decisive effect on the rock slope stability. How to use the fractures obtained on site to establish a 3D... 相似文献
Saline soil is vulnerable to water erosion because of its dispersivity. This characteristic has a great influence on dam and slope engineering. There is a large area of saline soil in western Jilin Province, the seasonal frost zone, and this soil is highly dispersive. We studied the properties of soil samples collected from vertical holes near Qian'an Dabusu Lake, assessing the particle size distribution and the chemical components. We also comprehensively identified the level of soil dispersivity by three standard methods, the pinhole test, the crumb test, and the double-hydrometer test. The soil composition and basic physicochemical properties are proved to be the most important factors which determine the dispersion degree of the saline soil. Our results showed that, within depth ranges from 0 to 1 m, silt particles highly influenced the soil dispersivity, and the total soluble salt accounted for ≥0.3%. At the first sampling point, in a tall soil column, the dispersion degree decreased with increasing depth, but this was not as obvious at the second sampling point, which was in a flat area. Nevertheless, the superficial soils of these two sampling sites were strongly dispersive, which must be taken into consideration for soil engineering in this region. 相似文献
水汽标高是一个反映水汽垂直分布特征的参数,也是全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)对流层天顶湿延迟改正和GNSS水汽层析中的一个辅助参数。本文对2006—2012年水汽标高的时间序列进行频谱分析,发现水汽标高在时间上呈现出年周期和半年周期变化,因此利用包含年周期和半年周期的三角函数来表达水汽的时变规律,然后利用欧洲中尺度天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting,ECMWF)的数据在全球1°×1°的格网点上分别拟合了三角函数的系数。通过上述方法首次构建了一个全球适用的水汽标高模型GSH,该模型既体现了水汽标高的时变特性又考虑了其地理差异。以无线电探空数据为参考,GSH具有-0.19km的偏差(bias)和1.81km的均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE);以ECMWF数据为参考,GSH具有0.04km的bias和1.52km的RMSE。GSH整体上表现出了比较稳定的精度,可服务于GNSS气象学研究,也可为其他相关气象研究提供水汽标高参考。 相似文献
Global-regional assimilation and prediction system(GRAPES)模式为中国气象局于2000年开始组织研究开发的数值预报系统,GRAPES_Meso模式是其区域中尺度数值预报系统版。GRAPES_Meso中的陆面模式选取的是Noah-Land Surface Model(NOAH-LSM)模式。NOAH-LSM陆面模式选取Simple Water Balance(SWB)对陆面水文过程进行描述。SWB是一个简单水量平衡模型,不能完整地描述陆面水文过程,特别是对径流的模拟存在不足。随着GRAPES_Meso模式不断的发展,对预报能力的要求逐渐提高,对其陆面模式中产流过程的描述也需要进一步的研究。本文中所应用的改进陆面水文过程的NOAH-LSM陆面模式,借鉴了水文模型的思想,利用蓄水容量曲线描述单元网格内产流面积的变化,并在模式中增加Muskingum汇流模块,完整陆面模式水文循环。将原GRAPES模式和改进陆面水文过程的GRAPES模式分别与新安江模型进行单向耦合,选取模式TS评分相差不大的试验流域——淮河流域上游控制站王家坝站,进行流量模拟对比。从试验结果可以看出,改进后的模式在洪量相对误差、洪峰相对误差、确定性系数上均优于原模式,并为未来利用水文模型对降水落区检验进行了探索性研究。 相似文献