中新元古界原生白云岩: 以中国典型台地区为例*

基于对中国塔里木盆地新元古界上震旦统奇格布拉克组、四川盆地新元古界上震旦统灯影组以及华北盆地中元古界蓟县系雾迷山组野外露头及钻井岩心白云岩的系统观察,发现中国典型台地区中新元古界中厚层至块状白云岩异常发育,其中泥(粉)晶白云岩占岩层总厚度86%~97%,且大多为厚层至块状。这些中厚层至块状泥(粉)晶白云岩,无论是否含藻类与菌类等微生物,次生交代作用基本都不发育。沉积古地理特征分析结果表明: (1)中新元古界的白云岩几乎覆盖整个海盆,广泛沉积于潮上带、潮间带以及潮下的开阔或局限台地环境;(2)白云岩的亚类在平面上受古基底隆凹格局控制,低凹部位以泥晶白云岩为主,高部位以颗粒泥晶白云岩或丘状叠层石泥晶白云岩为主;(3)白云岩台地中发育较深水台盆。地震剖面显示,这些台盆的形成受控于中新元古代的同生深大断裂活动,大断裂可将深部的Mg²⁺通过热液输入到碳酸盐岩台地中,使得海水中的Mg²⁺浓度增加。地球化学分析结果与古气候特征指示,不同晶粒结构的白云岩,即泥晶白云岩与少量的粉晶及细晶白云岩,其碳氧同位素比值没有明显分异,整体上与全球中新元古代海水背景值吻合,表明粉晶及粉细晶白云岩与泥晶白云岩同为沉积成因,其结构加粗乃原生泥晶白云石晶粒重结晶自生加大而成,并非次生交代成因,即这些少量发育的粉晶—细晶白云岩与主体的泥晶白云岩为同一成因机制。整合岩石学、沉积环境及地球化学等分析结果,认为中国典型台地区中新元古界的白云岩乃较典型的原生沉积成因。     

Attribution of the Langshan Tectonic Belt: Evidence from zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions

This study describes a previously unidentified Neoproterozoic mafic dyke emplaced in the northern flank of the Langshan Tectonic Belt. This dyke intruded into the micaquartz schist of the Zhaertaishan Group, and yielded an age of 908 ± 8 Ma. The youngest U-Pb ages of micaquartz schist from the Zhaertaishan Group in the Langshan area were 1118 ± 33 Ma,1187 ± 3 Ma and 1189 ± 39 Ma,suggesting that the depositional age of the protolith of the schist was between 908 ± 8 Ma and 1118 ± 33 Ma. In addition, 436 U-Pb age data and 155 Lu-Hf isotopic data from six samples in the Langshan Tectonic Belt and one Permian greywacke from the Wuhai area show distinct differences between the northern and southern flanks of the Main Langshan area. The U-Pb ages of the northern flank are primarily Meso-Neoproterozoic; similar ages have not been identified in the southern flank to date.Moreover, two-stage Hf model ages of the northern flank feature three age peaks at ～900 Ma,～1700 Ma and ～2600 Ma; this differs from Hf model ages of the southern flank, which feature one strong age peak at ～2700 Ma. These results suggest that the northern and southern flanks of the Main Langshan area have different geochronologic characteristics and should be divided further. Based on the U-Pb ages and Hf model ages, the northern and southern flanks of the Main Langshan area are named the North and South Langshan Tectonic Belts. Comparison of the U-Pb age and two-stage Hf model age distributions from the North Langshan Tectonic Belt, South Langshan Tectonic Belt, Alxa Block and the North China Craton(NCC) reveal that the North Langshan Tectonic Belt is similar to the Alxa Block and that the South Langshan Tectonic Belt is similar to the NCC. In addition, the zircon U-Pb age of 860 ±7 Ma commonly observed in the Alxa Block was detected in the Permian greywacke from the Wuhai area of the NCC, which suggests that the amalgamation of the North and South Langshan Tectonic belts(i.e.,the amalgamation of the Alxa Block and the NCC), occurred between Devonian and late Permian.     

Evaluating the contribution of satellite measurements to the re-construction of three-dimensional ocean temperature fields in combination with Argo profiles

Assimilation systems absorb both satellite measurements and Argo observations. This assimilation is essential to diagnose and evaluate the contribution from each type of data to the reconstructed analysis, allowing for better configuration of assimilation parameters. To achieve this, two comparative reconstruction schemes were designed under the optimal interpolation framework. Using a static scheme, an in situ-only field of ocean temperature was derived by correcting climatology with only Argo ...     

A possible satellite of 9 Metis

We attempted by means of photographic observations to search for satellites of asteroids in 1979 and 1980. An elongation of the image of 9 Metis has been detected on plates taken during 6 nights. The data suggest that there is a possible satellite with an orbital period of approximately 4.61 days and a mean distance of approximately 1100 km. We tabulate orbital parameters as well as predicted and observed position angles. A comparison with the secondary occultation results taken on 11.35 December 1979 is discussed.     

中国早奥陶世岩相古地理

本文是中国早、中和晚寒武世岩相古地理诸文的继续[1-3]。在笔者等的华北地区、华南地区和西北地区寒武纪和奥陶纪定量岩相古地理研究及编图成果的基础上,结合其他地区的地质资料,编制出了中国早奥陶世早期和晚期岩相古地理图两幅,并撰写出本文。在华北地区,作图单位分早奥陶世早期和晚期,以冶里期和马家沟二期分别代表其早期和晚期。在华南地区,作图单位亦分早奥陶世早期和晚期,以新厂期和宁国期分别代表其早期和晚期。在西北地区和其他地区,作图单位均为早奥陶世,不分早期和晚期。华北地区、华南地区和西北地区研究程度较高,其岩相古地理图和相应的文字论述都是定量的和比较详细的。其他地区的研究程度较低,其岩相古地理图和文字论文都是定性的或概略性的。定量,即每个古地理单元的划分都有确切的定量资料和定量图件为依据。这种定量的岩相古地理图对石油、天然气以及其他矿产的预测和勘探最有用处。中国早奥陶世岩相古地理的基本格局仍和寒武纪各世的一样,是两槽和三台相间分布。两槽即天山北山蒙辽吉槽地和昆仑秦岭槽地,三台即准噶尔蒙兴台地、塔里木柴达木华北台地和西藏华南台地。这些古地理单元及其次级古地理单元的范围和特征,有些与晚寒武世或中及早寒武世的相同或基本上相同,有些则大不相同,这是由早奥陶世的大范围的海侵决定的。     

新疆博尔塔拉河流域花岗质岩石的Pb同位素组成

作者对新疆博尔塔拉河流域花岗质岩石长石的Pb同位素组成研究表明，花岗质岩石是壳幔物质相混合的结果。相对来说流域东部岩体中地幔物质较多，西部岩体则混入较多地壳物质。     

营山构造断层的封堵性研究

本文根据营山构造上三叠统断层的发育特征，采用分析断层的断面压力分布特征和绘制断层面剖面图的方法，对主要断层的封堵性进行探讨。进而判断断层的流体溢出点，确定断层能封闭流体的有效范围，为下一步营山构造天然气的勘探提供依据     

东亚土地覆盖环境背景数字地面模型研究

应用地理信息系统、遥感技术及数字地面模型方法,选取影响东亚土地覆盖环境背景的主要因素高程带、坡度、坡向、气温、降水量、最大可能蒸散量、湿润度及植被指数等指标,在统一的投影、统一的空间分辨率、统一的空间范围等前提下,对它们进行单要素的专题数字地面模型研究,并用主成份分析方法将各单项数字地面模型进行集成,生成包含各单项要素特征的综合性的数字地面模型,最后对综合性数字地面模型所反映的东亚土地覆盖环境背景特征作了分析     

锥束重建的Smith—Grangeat方法的分析

ＣＴ机、ＳＰＥＣＴ及ＰＥＴ等医疗设备是当前重要的医疗诊断工具，但这些设备都跟某些射互有关，当放射性元素衰变而发射某种射线时，如果它们在４立体角范围内是等概率分布的，则扇形采集比在上方向上有集的效率提高了许多。     

济阳坳陷原油及油田水中金银等元素含量研究

对济阳坳陷原油及油田水样品中的金银及其他成太元素含量进行了测定，结果表明，原油尤其是稠油中的金含量较高，油田水样品的金和某些其他成矿元素含量也比较高。对这元素含量分布特征的初步研究显示，金主要分面富含S、N、O等杂原子的胶质沥青质组份中，可能与这些杂原子在低温下易与金形成配合物有关。油田水样品中金与砷、汞、铅等元素存在明显的相关关系，这与它们在低温成矿作用时常常密切共生是一致的。