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591.
592.
采用紫外线(UV)灭活的同源精子通过冷休克抑制第二极体排放诱导黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)的雌核发育。结果表明,黄姑鱼精子最适的灭活剂量为420mJ/cm2,紫外照射剂量与黄姑鱼精子和卵子授精后的受精率及孵化率之间表现出明显的Hertwig效应。多次试验筛选的黄姑鱼雌核发育的最适条件为授精后2min于3℃处理8min。雌核发育仔鱼经形态学和流式细胞仪鉴定为二倍体。进一步利用10对微卫星分析了遗传物质在亲本和子代中的传递情况,结果表明雌核发育后代的等位基因完全来自于母本,没有父本基因参与;雌核发育后代在5个微卫星位点具有较高的重组率,使其与母本保持了高度同质性。 相似文献
593.
干旱区水资源对城市化约束强度的综合评价模型 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
Water has become a key restricting factor of the urbanization process in developing arid areas. Based on qualitative and quantitative
methods, we constructed an integrated indicator system to assess the status of water resources and urbanization system in
arid area, and established an AHP model reformed by entropy technology to evaluate the temporal and spatial variations of
water resources constraint intensity on urbanization. This model is applied to the Hexi Corridor, a typical arid area in NW
China. Results show that, water resources constraint intensity on urbanization in the Hexi Corridor is bigger in the east
and smaller in the west. It has changed from the less strong constraint type into the strong constraint type from 1985 to
2005, yet it decreased appreciably in recent years. At present, most areas in the Hexi Corridor belong to the less strong
or strong constraint type. Through rational adjustment of water resources and urbanization system, the Hexi Corridor can still
promote water resources sustainable utilization and accelerate the urbanization process. This study suggests that the integrated
assessment model of water resources constraint intensity on urbanization is an effective method to analyze the conflicts between
water resources and urbanization system in arid area.
Foundation: Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZCX2-YW-307-02; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation;
K. C. Wong Education Foundation, Hong Kong
Author: Bao Chao (1978–), Ph.D, specialized in urbanization and water sustainable utilization. 相似文献
594.
Yuan Gao Jing Wu Jin-An Cai Yu-Tao Shi Shu Lin Ting Bao Zu-Ning Li 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(2):267-275
This study is focused on Fujing Province in China, southeast of Cathaysia block (SECB). The present work benefits from the
data provided by the Fujian Seismic Network (FJSN) to study the seismic anisotropy in the crust. By means of a systematic
analysis and adequate software package, we examine shear-wave splitting from data recorded at ten FJSN stations during the
period January 1999 to December 2003. The results demonstrate that the average fast wave polarization is N109.4° E ± 42.6°,
corresponding to the horizontal principal compressive stress in the test zone, and the average normalized slow wave time delay
is 2.5 ± 1.5 ms/km. The predominant polarizations at stations in the eastern part of SECB are in the N–W direction, which
suggests that they are related to the regional horizontal principal compressive stress and also to the strikes of faults.
In contrast, the predominant polarizations at two stations in the western part of SECB are in the N–E direction. This polarization
direction does not coincide with the direction of the horizontal principal compressive stress, but it follows the strikes
of near faults, thus suggesting the influence of the local tectonics and a change in the stress field. The results prove that
the predominant polarizations are parallel to the strikes of faults whenever the stations are on active faults. At a few stations
near the coastal line, some polarizations show a certain amount of scatter which may be caused by crossing faults and irregular
topography. Finally, the spatial distribution of time delays depicts strong lateral variations near the coast just where the
seismic activity is comparatively bigger, so that the magnitude of anisotropy seems to be consistent with the most seismically
active area. 相似文献
595.
By aid of gas chromatogram/mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the distributions and the compositions of biomarkers in a set of sequentially biodegraded oils from Liaohe Basin, China, have been quantitatively analyzed, and it has been found that during the biodegradation process of crude oils, the molecular maturity parameters such as Ts/Tm, homohopane C31 22S/(22S+22R) and sterane C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratios will be affected to different extent. The results show that except homohopane C31 22S/(22S+22R) ratio, Ts/Tm ratio will decrease with increasing biodegradation, but for C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratio, it will almost remain constant in slightly and moderately biodegraded oils, and then will increase quickly in severely biodegraded oils. The main reason is that there are some differences in the ability of resistant biodegradation for different isomer of biomarkers with different stereo configuration, resulting in the fact that destroying rate by bacteria for those biomarkers with weak ability will be higher than those with strong ability in resistant biodegradation. For example, 18α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorhopanes (Ts) will be destroyed more quickly than 17α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorshopanres (Tm), and 20R isomer is more quickly than 20S isomer for C29 sterane, resulting in the relative ratios changed with increasing biodegradation. Therefore, much more attention should be paid to the biodegradation extent of crude oils and the type of biomarker maturity indicators, when the distributions and the compositions of biomarkers in biodegraded oils are used to determine the maturity of biodegraded oils. 相似文献
596.
By the aid of GC-MS technique, a series of sequentially biodegraded oils from Liaohe Basin have been analyzed. The results show that the concentrations and relative compositions of various aromatic compounds in the biodegraded crude oils will change with increasing biodegradation degree. The concentrations of alkyl naphthalenes, alkyl phenanthrenes, alkyl dibenzothiophene are decreased, and the concentration of triaromatic steroids will increase with increasing biodegradation degree in biodegraded oils. Those phenomena indicate that various aromatic compounds are more easily biodegraded by bacteria like other kinds of hydrocarbons such as alkanes, but different series of aromatic compounds have a varied ability to resistant to biodegradation. The ratios of dibenzothiophene to phenenthrene (DBTH/P) and methyl dibenzothiophene to methyl phenanthrene (MDBTH/MP) are related to the features of depositional environment for source rocks such as redox and ancient salinity. However, in biodegraded oils, the two ratios increase quickly with the increase of the biodegradation degree, indicating that they have lost their geochemical significance. In this case, they could not be used to evaluate the features of depositional environment. Methyl phenanthrene index, methyl phenanthrene ratio and methyl dibenzoyhiophene ratio are useful aromatic maturity indicators for the crude oils and the source rocks without vitrinite. But for biodegraded oils, those aromatic maturity indicators will be affected by biodegradation and decrease with the increase of the biodegradation degree. Therefore, those aromatic molecular maturity indicators could not be used for biodegraded oils. 相似文献
597.
598.
With the recent development of society and economy in the cities of Huludao and Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China, environment and ecosystem problems have become increasingly serious in Jinzhou Bay, China, because of the increasing amount of heavy metal pollutants being discharged. To solve these problems, a water quality model of heavy metals coupled with a 3D hydrodynamic model is constructed to estimate the environmental capacity (EC) and total maximum allocated loads (TMALs) for Zn and Cd of three river catchments in Jinzhou Bay. According to the model, the ECs for Zn and Cd are approximately 17 and 8 tons per month, respectively, if the criterion obtained from HC5 values (fifth percentile of the SSD) is set as the control criterion (8.24 μg/L for Zn and 3.83 μg/L for Cd) in Jinzhou Bay, and the TMALs of the three river catchments are 4 and 1.7 tons per month. 相似文献
599.
Bao Yang Dmitry M. Sonechkin Nina M. Datsenko Nadezda N. Ivashchenko Jingjing Liu Chun Qin 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2012,107(1-2):131-141
The technique of expanding meteorological fields on eigenvectors of the field covariation matrix is popular. In this paper, we propose for the first time to use a mathematically similar technique to solve the main problem of dendrochronology: classifying variations in tree-ring records as either age- and microenvironment-dependent or climate-induced. Applying this technique to a sample of very long-lived Qilian junipers (Sabina przewalskii Kom.) from the Dulan region in western China, we demonstrate that the ring-width variations projected on the first eigenvector are age-dependent, but those projected on several of the first subsequent vectors are mainly climate-induced. In particular, the second and third projections capture multi-centennial climatic variations, and the variations projected on the fourth through seventh eigenvectors show periodic variations that are probably induced by the 178-year solar cycle. The projections on the smallest eigenvectors seem to be negligible. 相似文献
600.
Xiaocong Wang Yimin Liu Qing Bao Zaizhi Wang 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2012,110(1-2):1-10
The sensitivity of climate to an increase in sea surface temperature (SST) and CO2, as well as cloud feedback processes, is analyzed through a series of aquaplanet experiments listed in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Rainfall is strengthened in a +4K anomaly SST experiment due to the enhanced surface evaporation; while in a quadruple CO2 experiment, precipitation and total cloud cover are appreciably weakened. In both the +4K and quadruple CO2 (4xCO2) experiments, the Hadley cell is impaired, with an increase in moderate subsidence and a decrease in the frequency of strong convective activity. Regarding cloud radiation forcing (CRF), the analysis technique of Bony et al. (Climate Dynamics, 22:71–86, 2004) is used to sort cloud variables by dynamic regimes using the 500-hPa vertical velocity in tropical areas (30°S–30°N). Results show that the tropically averaged CRF change is negative and is dominated mainly by the thermodynamic component. Within convective regimes, the behavior of longwave CRF is different in the +4K and 4xCO2 experiments, with positive and negative changes, respectively. The globally averaged CRF also reveals a negative change in both aquaplanet and Earthlike experiments, implying that clouds may play a role in decelerating global warming. The calculated climate sensitivity demonstrates that our results are close to those obtained from other models, with 0.384 and 0.584?Km2?W?1 for aquaplanet and Earthlike experiments, respectively. 相似文献