North American Geographers and the Pacific Rim: Leaders or Laggards

The ascendance of the Pacific Rim is an indisputable global happening. North American geography, a logical leader in the study of this high profile phenomenon, has lagged behind other disciplines in Rim-focused research. This article argues in favor of a heightened Rim awareness, surveys recent publications, suggests promising Pacific Rim research directions, and proposes how the Association of American Geographers can help promote Rim studies.     

Lang Trang Cave (Northern Vietnam): Pleistocene Mammalian Locality with Gigantopithecus Finds

Doklady Earth Sciences - Speleological, geological and paleontological characteristics of the Lang Trang cave in northern Vietnam are presented. Primates Gigantopithecus blacki von Koenigswald,...     

Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Soils and Sediments of the Herbert and Burdekin River Regions, North Queensland – Implications for Contamination of the Great Barrier Reef

Organochlorine pesticides were widely used in the Australian sugarcane industry from the early 1950s until the late 1980s. Erosion of sugarcane soils and subsequent transport of sediment bound contaminants in river run-off to the Great Barrier Reef lagoon is a growing concern as the cane industry continues to expand. Organochlorine pesticide residues can be used as tracers to examine the worst-case scenario of the spatial extent to which currently used, though less persistent, organic agricultural pesticides might extend. The coastal alluvial flood-plains of the Herbert and Burdekin Rivers in North Queensland have sugarcane growing as the major coastal land-use. Sediment cores and surface sediment samples were collected from near-shore coastal regions of the Herbert and Burdekin Rivers. In addition, soil samples from cane-fields in the two catchments were collected. Analyses of the marine surface sediment samples and three sediment cores revealed the absence of detectable concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (<5 pg/g). However, easily detectable concentrations were found in the sugarcane soil samples (0.01–45 ng/g).     

On fundamental geology and physical origins

Geology must consider the physical processes involved in the genesis of inorganic matter. These processes are ultimately based on cosmogony and cosmology and the associated physics and mathematics of these origins.The approach to genesis impinges on the unknown where a feeling that something finite, and possibly real, exists. The evidence of the unknown must then be compared with the experimental and observed evidence to create a framework from which certain conclusions can be made.The thoughts on genesis and the geological implications are discussed briefly in two parts. Part one includes the basic philosophy, the mathematical and physical concepts; it outlines the philosophy of time, zero and infinity, mass, space, and the mass environments, based on this a ring hypothesis of planetary origins is developed. Part two discusses basic problems of structural geology, fundamental tectonics, the development of continents and continental drift, climatic changes, seismicity, and paleomagnetics.The conclusions drawn from the discussion are: mass ormatter can exist in five states. Continental buttresses are largely made up of rocks of secondary igneous origin. The core of the earth is made of solar (meteoric) material rather than pure nickel-iron. Continents move under differential density forces which ultimately result in a slow twist or rotation of the earth's outer layers about the core. This rotation causes climatic changes and the many paths observed in tracing polar wandering by paleomagnetics.

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Zusammenfassung Dieser Aufsatz versucht, fundamentale geologische Grenzprobleme in Beziehung zu bringen mit fundamentaien physikalischen und astronomischen Problemen, die ihrerseits z. T. noch einer Lösung harren.Ausgehend von einer Betrachtung der Herkunft von Masse, Universum und Sonnensystem werden Probleme der Kontinentalgenese, Kontinentalwanderung, hydrostatischer Druck auf und in Kontinenten, Orogenese, Klimaänderungen und Paläomagnetik in geologischer Zeit besprochen.Der Aufsatz besteht aus zwei Teilen, einem physikalischen und einem geologischen, die zu einem gewissen Grade unabhängig voneinander gelesen werden können. Für ein fruchtbares Verstehen ist es aber ratsam, beide Teile zu lesen. Mathematik ist auf das notwendigste beschränkt.Am Ausgangspunkt der Betrachtung steht die Idee von einem fundamentalen (letztlichen) Masse-Medium, da dieses die Grenze der Erkenntnis bildet.

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Résumé La géologie doit considérer le processus physique entraîné dans la genèse de matière inorganique. Ce processus est finalement basé sur la cosmogonie et cosmologie, ainsi que la physique associée et mathématiques de ces originesL'approche de la genèse se heurte à l'inconnu où le sentiment de quelque chose de fini et peut-être bien réel existe. L'évidence de l'inconnu doit alors être comparée à l'évidence expérimentale et observée, pour créer une structure de laquelle certaines conclusions peuvent être tirées.Les réflexions sur la genèse et les implications géologiques sont exposées brièvement en deux parties. La première partie comprend la philosophie fondamentale, les idées générales de mathématique et physique; elle esquisse la philosophie du temps, zéro et infini, masse, espace et environnements de la masse; basée là-dessus, une hypothèse en cercle des origines planétaires est développée. La seconde partie expose les problèmes fondamentaux de géologie structurale, tectoniques fondamentales, le développement des continents et le mouvement de ceux-ci, changements de climat, séismicité et paléomagnétiques.Les conclusions tirées de l'exposé sont que masse ou matière peuvent exister dans cinq états. Les contreforts continentaux sont en grande partie formés de roche pyrogène secondaire. Le noyau de la terre est fait de matière solaire (météorique) plutôt que de nickel-fer pur. Les continents se déplacent sous des forces de densité différentielle qui résultent finalement dans une torsion lente ou rotation des couches extérieures de la terre autour du noyau. Cette rotation provoque des changements climatique et les nombreuses voies observées en traçant les écarts polaires par paléomagnétique.

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Reconstruction of the harmonic component of the magnetic field modulus anomalies

An algorithm is proposed for calculating a harmonic function equal to the projection of the anomalous magnetic field vector onto the normal field direction from in situ measurements of the anomalous magnetic field modulus (the scalar magnetic anomaly) ΔT, which is a nonharmonic function and is nonlinearly related to the magnetization of anomaly sources. It is shown that the inferred estimates tend to the desired harmonic function if the iterative algorithm converges. The convergence conditions and stability of the process are studied numerically in a wide range of amplitudes of the anomalous field. The results of the modeling simulation demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in solving magnetic field interpretation problems often encountered in practice.