阿尔金断裂带东段地表破裂分段研究

对活动断层进行正确的分段有助于我们对地震造成断层的发生、发展过程有一个正确的认识。阿尔金断裂带是青藏高原北部的巨型左旋走滑断裂带 ,将青藏高原和塔里木盆地两大构造单元截然分开。通过对阿尔金断裂带东部青崖子—宽滩山的Spot数字化卫星影像资料进行详细的分析 ,结合研究区内的断错地貌和前人的古地震研究成果 ,对阿尔金断裂带东段进行了地表破裂性分段。将阿尔金断裂带东段青崖子—宽滩山分为 3段 :青崖子—芦草湾为阿克塞破裂段 ;芦草湾—北祁连山逆断裂为疏勒河破裂段 ;北祁连山逆断裂—宽滩山为宽滩山破裂段。其中阿克塞破裂段的最后破裂时间晚于 (5 2 4± 0 4 0 )kaB .P .,疏勒河破裂段最后破裂时间早于 (6 97± 0 5 3)kaB .P .,而宽滩山段的最后破裂时间估计晚于 5kaB     

面向建设实践,促进地理学的发展

以经济建设为中心是我国长期的、基本的国策，可持续发展纲领从总体战略上、社会发展上、经济发展上、生态发展上为经济建设提供了框架。在此框架下，地理学可以在人地关系、区域可持续发展、全球环境变化及地理信息技术等领域发挥学科优势，同时也面临着巩固理论基础、扩展应用领域方面的机遇与挑战。     

Compositions of micas in peraluminous granitoids of the eastern Arabian shield

Compositions and pleochroism of micas in fourteen peraluminous alkali-feldspar granites in the eastern part of the Late Proterozoic Arabian Shield are unlike those of micas (principally biotite) in most calc-alkaline granitoid rocks. Compositions of these micas are distinguished by elevated abundances of Li₂O, F, and numerous cations and by low MgO abundances. These micas, constituents of highly evolved rare-metal enriched granitoids, represent an iron-lithium substitution series that ranges from lithium-poor siderophyllite to lithium-rich ferroan lepidolite. The eastern Arabian Shield also hosts six epizonal granitoids that contain colorless micas. Compositions of these micas, mostly muscovite, and their host granitoids are distinct from those of the iron-lithium micas and their host granitoids. Compositions of the analyzed micas have a number of petrogenetic implications. The twenty granitoids containing these micas form three compositional groups that reflect genesis in particular tectonic regimes; mica compositions define the same three groups. The presence of magmatic muscovite in six of these shallowly crystallized granitoids conflicts with experimental data indicating muscovite stability at pressures greater than 3 kbar. Muscovite in the Arabian granitoids probably results from its non-ideal composition; the presence of muscovite cannot be used as a pressure indicator. Finally, mineral/matrix partition coefficients are significantly greater than 1.0 for a number of cations, the rare-earth elements in particular, in many of the analyzed iron-lithium micas. Involvement of these types of micas in partial melting or fractionation processes can have a major influence on silicate liquid compositions.     

新疆阿合勒铜矿GIS预测时的找矿有利度和空间相关性分析

以新疆阿舍勒地区铜矿GIS预测为实例，说明线型异常和面型异常的找矿有利度分析方法，并给出断裂、有利地层和物化探异常找矿有利度分析的结果。给出计算空间相关性的公式，并研究了不同元素化探异常的空间相关性。最后，研究了不同元素的组合异常，论证了在矿产预测中应用组合异常的必要性并利用GIS进行了找矿有利地段的圈定。     

Telescope and instrument robotization at Dome C

This article reviews the situation for robotization of telescopes and instruments at the Antarctic station Concordia on Dome C. A brain‐storming meeting was held in Tenerife in March 2007 from which this review emerged.We describe and summarize the challenges for night‐time operations of various astronomical experiments at conditions “between Earth and Space” and conclude that robotization is likely a prerequisite for continuous astronomical data taking during the 2000‐hour night at Dome C. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Représentativité de l'échantillonnage géochimique et hydrodynamique en nappe libre du milieu semi-aride (Reliability of geochemical and hydrodynamic sample in a semi-arid water table)

This paper evaluates the reliability of the geochemical and hydrodynamic sampling in a phreatic aquifer of semi-arid Africa. These remarks are based on a dense network and on detailed data collected for about ten years in the Continental Terminal water table near Niamey, Niger. The natural potentiometric fluctuations are seasonal (up to 6 m during the rainy season) and interannual (up to 10 m since the 1960s). Hydrodynamic measurements can be disturbed by artificial flooding into the wells (20% of the network) and by domestic drawings (up to 2 m of lowering). Geochemical characteristics can vary seasonally: isotopic modifications and salinity increase near recharge areas, with more stability further away. They can also vary artificially in wells because of their large opening towards the open air. Artifical increases of salinity of one order of magnitude and contaminations of ¹⁴C activities of up to 20 pmC occur in some wells by atmospheric dust inputs or organic matter which was has fallen into the well. In conclusion, some recommendations are given for a representative sampling in semi-arid phreatic aquifers.     

辽东半岛南部印支造山旋回早期的顺层滑脱构造

辽东半岛南部发育于太古宙基底与青白口系盖层邻接部位的大型韧性剪切带与盖层内顺层固态流变形成的构造群体,是印支造山旋回开始时,在主要来自太平洋方面的构造力驱动下,以盖层与基底的不整合面为主滑脱面发生自东向西近水平多层系顺层剪切滑脱的产物, 称顺层滑脱构造。大范围的顺层滑脱未引起大规模的褶皱—逆冲推覆;同时,主滑脱面也不同于伸展拆离断层。顺层滑脱构造形成后先后被南北向（Ｔ３ —Ｊ１） 和东西向（Ｊ２ —Ｊ３） 等褶皱断裂系叠加改造;基底在晚白垩世的断块运动中大幅度抬升。顺层滑脱构造应该是长期沉降的沉积盆地在进入造山旋回时（ 主褶皱前） 可能出现的构造型式。     

PEGASE, an infrared interferometer to study stellar environments and low mass companions around nearby stars

PEGASE is a mission dedicated to the exploration of the environment (including habitable zone) of young and solar-type stars (particularly those in the DARWIN catalogue) and the observation of low mass companions around nearby stars. It is a space interferometer project composed of three free flying spacecraft, respectively featuring two 40 cm siderostats and a beam combiner working in the visible and near infrared. It has been proposed to ESA as an answer to the first “Cosmic Vision” call for proposals, as an M mission. The concept also enables full-scale demonstration of space nulling interferometry operation for DARWIN.

西藏工布江达县亚贵拉铅锌、钼多金属矿床石英斑岩锆石SHRIMP定年及其地质意义

采用SHRIMP锆石微区U-Pb测年技术,对冈底斯成矿带东段工布江达县亚贵拉铅锌、钼矿区的容矿石英斑岩岩体进行年代学研究,通过对3件含矿石英斑岩样品中单颗粒锆石56个样品点的分析,其206Pb/238U 年龄范围在（110.2±6.8～140.9±1.9）Ma之间,三件样品206Pb/238U 年龄加权平均值分别为128±1.0Ma (n = 20 ,MSWD = 1.3),129.3±1.3Ma (n = 14 ,MSWD = 1.12),127.8±1.1Ma (n = 22 ,MSWD = 1.4)。结合前人研究以及本次测年结果认为：(1)含矿石英斑岩岩体侵位年龄在126.7～130.6Ma之间,属于燕山晚期。(2)辉钼矿成矿年龄约为60Ma左右,钼矿矿化发生在岩体侵位之后。(3)亚贵拉铅锌、钼矿矿床属于斑岩型钼矿夕卡岩型-热液脉型铅锌铜银多金属矿床,而非晚石炭世-早二叠世的海底喷流沉积成因矿床。(4)亚贵拉-沙让矿集区矿床的形成得益于燕山晚期和喜山早期的岩体侵位,并与碰撞前（180～65Ma ）及主碰撞期（65Ma-41Ma）的岩浆活动关系密切,属于碰撞前和主碰撞期早期成矿。这一认识对冈底斯的区域找矿具有极其重要的意义。