Geological Features and Formation Processes of the Makeng Fe Deposit,China

Recent studies have revealed that the Makeng Fe deposit is a skarn type deposit. However, the skarns in Makeng, occurring primarily between limestone and sandstone, are not typically associated with limestone and plutons. Different periods of intrusions, e.7. Hercynian mafic intrusions and Yanshanian (i.e. early Cretaceous) Dayang–Juzhou granitic intrusion, occurred in the Makeng deposit district. In this study, the formation processes of the skarns and Fe mineralization are constrained by detailed fieldwork, petrology, geochronology, and geochemistry. Skarns and Fe mineralization intersecting the Hercynian mafic intrusions are observed in consecutive specimens from the 106# tunnel. They suggest that the skarn formation and Fe mineralization occurred after the Hercynian mafic intrusions and are related to the later Yanshanian Dayang–Juzhou granitic intrusion. The geochronological characteristics of weakly skarn‐altered diabases, the decreasing nature of Fe contents in altered diabase, and the major element compositions of pyroxenes and garnets also support that Hercynian mafic intrusions are strongly reformed by Yanshanian granitic magmas and the Fe migrated from mafic intrusion was responsible for formation of iron ore.     

FRACTAL ANALYSIS APPLIED TO SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF CHINA＇S VEGETATION

Based on the fractal theory, the spatial structure of China＇s vegetation has been analyzed quantitatively in this paper. Some conclusions are drawn as the following. 1） The relationships between size and frequency of patch area and patch shape index exist objectively for China＇s vegetation. 2） The relationships between perimeter and area exist objectively for China＇s vegetation. 3） The fractal dimension of evergreen needleleaf forests on mountains in subtropical and tropical zones is the largest, while the smallest for deciduous broadleafand evergreen needleleaf mixed forests in temperate zone, reflecting the most complex spatial structure for evergreen needleleaf forests on mountains in subtropical and tropical zones and the simplest for deciduous broadleaf and evergreen needleleaf mixed forests in temperate zone. 4） The fractal dimensions of China＇s vegetation types tend to decrease from thc subtropics to both sides. 5） The stability of spatial structure of deciduous broadleaf and evergreen needleleaf mixed forests in temperate zone is the largest, while the smallest for double-cropping rice, or double-cropping rice and temperate-like grain, and tropical evergreen economic tree plantations and orchards, reflecting the steadiest for deciduous broadleaf and evergreen needleleaf mixed forests in temperate zone and the most unstable for double-cropping rice, or double-cropping rice and temperate-like grain, and tropical evergreen economic tree plantations and orchards in spatial structure. 6） The stability of spatial structure of China＇s vegetation tends to decrease from the temperate zone to both sides, it is significantly pertinent to understand the formation, evolution, dynamics and complexity rule of ecosystem of vegetation.     

新马德里地震影响评估项目最新进展

畅销书Peaceof Mindin Earthquake Country最新版已完成创作并出版发行,新版内容更加丰富多彩。此书问世30年来为各地百姓在面对毁灭性地震时怎样保护亲人及家园的安全提供了很大帮助。     

国际地震中心(ISC)2009—2011发展战略

引言 本文确定了国际地震中心（ISC）的下一步发展战略。它经ISC执行委员会在2008年6月8-9日萨彻姆（Thatcham）会议上考虑并获得支持。ISC理事会在2009年1月11日开普敦（Cape Town）会议期间原则上批准了此战略规划。规划中还对ISC理事会成员在会后一个月内提交的校正／修改意见予以考虑。     

东海陆架北部泥质区悬浮体的絮凝沉积作用

1997年2月在东海北部取得悬浮体和底质样品，通过粒度分析和扫描电镜及能谱分析，探讨了陆架北部泥质区悬浮体的絮凝沉积作用，结果表明，生物因素是泥区悬浮体的发生絮凝的机制之一，可影响悬浮体在海水中的行为，生物活动产生的软组织，分泌物和粘膜等有机中将矿物矿屑和生物骨屑结构，吸附和捕集在一起形成絮凝体而迅速沉积，在悬浮体含量较低，水化学环境相对稳定的东海陆架，絮凝作用是泥质区得以形成的关键过程之一。     

藏北高原地面加热场的季节变化

利用五道梁１９９３年９月～１９９５年８月的辐射收支资料，分析了该地区地面加热场的季节变化特征，结果表明：春，秋季地面加热场强度有明显的急增加减过程，正是加热场的这种突变引起了季节的明显转换，冬季地面积雪多的年从那面加热场强度较弱，第二年夏季加热场强度则较强；地面加热场强度的季节变化明显，夏季强，冬季弱；冬季地面积雪时间较长时，由于地表反射率增大，地中释放的土壤热通量较无雪时减少，可能造成该地区地面     

星内粒子探测器观测结果与辐射带模型的比较

我们将资源一号卫星星内粒子探测器的观测数据与辐射带模式AE8/AP8的预测结果进行了对比,发现在南大西洋异常区的高能电子和质子的通量与辐射带模型的预测结果基本相同,而在两极极光带的电子通量比AE8模型预测的低得多.根据NOAA卫星的观测结果,可以认为这一差异主要是因为在南大西洋异常区（内辐射带）和两极极光带（外辐射带）的粒子投掷角分布的差异造成的.在南大西洋异常区粒子倾向于各向同性分布,而在极光带粒子各向异性明显,投掷角接近90°的粒子通量比0°投掷角附近的粒子通量大得多.     

三沙湾的水质状况

本文根据1999年9月～2000年8月福建三沙湾水质监测资料，对该湾海水理化要素测值的变化特征进行了分析；并以DIN、PO4^-P、COD为富营养化评价指标，用营养状态指数评价该湾水体的营养状态．以水质综合评价指数对该湾的水质状况进行了评价．结果表明，湾内水体氮、磷含量较高，且至夏、冬季的高于春、秋季；夏、冬季所有测站与秋季部分测站水体呈富营养化状态。     

山东地区闪电密度时空分布特征

利用山东地区2006年6月至2007年10月13站的闪电资料,分析了该地区闪电密度的时空分布特征。结果表明:13站相比5站布局,获取的闪电样本更多,代表性更好,探测精度更高,分析结果存在差异;闪电密度高值区域出现一定的南移,在半岛内陆地区和东部荣成市出现了新的高值区域,负闪所占比例增加,占99.06%,平均闪电强度增大,负闪平均强度11.47 kA明显低于正闪平均强度25.04 kA;正、负闪电频次年、日变化均呈双峰值特征,但不同时间、不同区域之间存在差异;闪电强度季节变化呈单峰谷形式,但各区域峰谷时间有差异,且冬季没有正闪电发生。     

临近绿洲的沙漠上空近地面层内水汽输送特征

1991年7月在HEIFE实验区沙漠站进行了一次水汽输送观测实验。观测发现近地面层内比湿廓线常常出现极小值，该极小值高度为零水汽通量面的高度。这个高度以上水汽向下输送，廓线呈逆湿特征，这个高度以下水汽向上输送，廓线呈蒸发特征。沙漠上空近地面层内水汽不是常通量，在一个固定高度上观测到的水汽通量和“潜热通量”不能代表地面的蒸发量和潜热通量。