潍河下游地区浅埋古河道沉积与第四系地层划分

浅埋古河道带以冲洪积扇体为核心向北呈指掌状分布，古河道沉积具有明显的阶段性，早期沉积以中、细砂为主，粒度变化比较大，晚期沉积物以粉砂为主。在垂向上，古河道自下而上分为5段，其粒径呈愈向上愈细的趋势。钻孔剖面分析表明，潍河古河道沉积在横向上摆动幅度不大，沉积物自浅埋古河道主流带向两侧逐渐变细，沉积物粒度也随水动力强弱变化而变化，从上游到下游粒度变细，分选性增强。潍河下游地区晚更新世以来共发育5期古河道，与冰期－间冰期气候变化相对应。其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ期古河道厚度大，颗粒组，纵向上连续性好，为优良的含水层，其埋藏层位与古卤水埋藏层位基本一致，相互贯通，古河道成为卤水入侵的良好通道。晚期古河道沉积厚度大，沉积物粒度小，是早期主要的淡水取水层，但人类开采地下水的活动使其已成为海水入侵的主要通道。     

Preliminary Study on the Dynamic Variations of the Surface Thermal Flux before and after the M_S5.7 Earthquake of 2005 in Jiujiang City,Jiangxi Province

The temporal and spatial variations of surface latent heat flux （SLHF） and diagnostic air temperature at 2m before and after the Ms5.7 earthquake occurring on November 26, 2005 in the area between Ruichang City and Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province are summarized in this paper. It is found that before the earthquake significant SLHF anomalies and air temperature anomalies occurred in the epicentral area and its vicinity. The air temperature anomalies appeared from the 2nd to the 13th of November, 2005 and were concentrated at the epicentral area and in its southern part. Then two days later, that is, from the 4th to the 15th of November 2005, significant SLHF anomalies occurred in the epicentral area and to its northern area where many lakes are distributed along the active faults. During the anomalous period, the SLHF and air temperature at 2m exceeded the sum of average daily value over 26 years and 1.5 times of its mean square deviation. Both anomalies had maintained for 12 days with a peculiar distribution related to the tectonic active zone. It is considered that both of air temperature anomalies and SLHF anomalies are correlated to the movement of thermal flux from underground prior to earthquake. SLHF anomalies occurred over wide regions covered with abundant water, whereas air temperature anomalies occurred over land.     

PZ-90 GLONASS与ITRF之间转换参数的谱分析

根据BKG中心的转换参数结果,采用FFT方法,计算分析了PZ-90GLONASS与ITRF间转换参数及其周期变化特性,并得出了一些有益的结论。     

Decadal variation of thermocline-sea surface temperature feedback in the tropical Indian Ocean and the underlying mechanisms

The thermocline-sea surface temperature (SST) feedback is the most important component of the Bjerknes feedback, which plays an important role in the development of the air-sea coupling modes of the Indian Ocean. The thermocline-SST feedback in the Indian Ocean has experienced significant decadal variations over the last 40 a. The feedback intensified in the late twentieth century and then weakened during the hiatus in global warming at the early twenty-first century. The thermocline-SST feedback is most prominent in the southeastern and southwestern Indian Ocean. Although the decadal variations of feedback are similar in these two regions, there are still differences in the underlying mechanisms. The decadal variations of feedback in the southeastern Indian Ocean are dominated by variations in the depth of the thermocline, which are modulated by equatorial zonal wind anomalies. Whereas the decadal variation of feedback in the southwestern Indian Ocean is mainly controlled by the intensity of upwelling and thermocline depth in winter and spring, respectively. The upwelling and thermocline depth are both affected by wind stress curl anomalies over the southeastern Indian Ocean, which excite anomalous Ekman pumping and influence the southwestern Indian Ocean through westward propagating Rossby waves.     

基于GPS的多站实时时间传递算法

提出了一种基于GPS的多站实时时间传递算法,该算法将卫星钟差作为未知参数进行实时估计,利用测站间的共视卫星建立起各测站误差方程之间的联系,同时解算站间时间传递结果和卫星钟差。摆脱了对外部事后精密卫星钟差产品的依赖,不受卫星精密钟差产品精度和实时性的限制,只要站间有足够的共视卫星,即可实现时间传递。实验结果表明:该算法时间传递精度可以达到亚纳秒量级,能够应用于高精度实时时间传递。     

南极乔治王岛六种苔藓植物的X荧光分析

在无标样条件下 ,我们利用微束 X荧光分析法对南极乔治王岛的 6种苔藓植物的叶和茎进行重元素分析。它们是 :Andreaea regularis,Bryum muehlenbeckii,Drepanocladus uncinatus,Brachythecium subpilosum,Tortula saxiola,Ditrichum austro- georgicum。研究结果发现 ,不同苔藓植物对各种不同重元素的吸收能力不同 ,即使是同一种植物 ,叶和茎中的重元素成分也有差异。在 6种苔藓中 ,Andreaea regularis体内的重元素种类最少 ,但其对 Fe有较强的吸收。由于南极环境条件优越 ,在苔藓植物体内 ,尚未发现大量有毒重金属元素的存在     

Review and Prospect of Global Operational Ocean Forecasting

The marine environmental forecast plays an increasingly important role in economic growth and infrastructure development, and touches upon many fields and aspects, including marine security, energy resources development and protection, ocean shipping and fisheries. Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) OceanView supports the national research groups providing them with coordination and technical support among the partners. Forecasting centers develop and establish global operational ocean forecast systems. The global operational ocean forecasting system uses the ocean dynamic numerical model as the dynamic framework, and the near real-time high-quality observation input field is integrated into the model by data assimilation to realize the future environmental forecasts of the marine conditions covering the multi-time scale. The products are routinely validated with observations in order to assess their quality. This paper briefly introduced and reviewed the development process and current situation of the global ocean forecasting system covered by GODAE OceanView, and outlined the future development of global ocean forecasting.     

完全正常化缔合勒让德函数及其导数与积分的递推关系

在地球重力场问题中,常用到完全正常化缔合勒让德函数及其导数、积分的递推关系。当前流行的地球扰动位模型均采用完全正常化的缔合勒让德函数,用此类模型可以高效方便计算各种扰动重力场元。随着本世纪多个新一代卫星重力探测计划成功实施,高阶或超高阶地球重力场模型的研究备受学界的关注。有关完全正常化缔合勒让德函数的递推关系对于高阶重力场模型具有特别意义。本文在前人研究的基础上,用初等微积分导出了若干新的递推关系式。同时还推导了正常化缔合勒让德函数及其导数、积分的检核式,这些检核式涉及地球位的球谐级数的数学性质。     

Shearing along faults and stratigraphic joints controlled by land subsidence in the Valley of Queretaro,Mexico

Slip of nearly vertical faults or horizontal stratigraphic joints has provoked the shearing of at least 16 well casings in a period of over 10 years in the Valley of Queretaro aquifer, Mexico. Evidence integrated from field observations, remote surface-deformation monitoring, in-situ monitoring, stratigraphic correlation, and numerical modeling indicate that groundwater depletion and land subsidence induce shearing. Two main factors conditioning the stress distribution and the location of sheared well casings have been identified: (1) slip on fault planes, and (2) slip on stratigraphic joints. Additionally, the distribution of piezometric gradients may be a factor that enhances shearing. Slip on faults can be generated either by the compaction of sedimentary units (passive faulting) or by slip of blocks delimited by pre-existing faults (reactivation). Major piezometric-level declines and the distribution of hydraulic gradients can also be associated with slip at stratigraphic joints. Faults and hydraulic contrasts in the heterogeneous rock sequence, along with groundwater extraction, influence the distribution of the gradients and delimit the compartments of groundwater in the aquifer. Analogue modeling allowed assessment of the distribution of stress–strain and displacements associated with the increase of the vertical stress. Fault-bounded aquifers in grabens are common in the central part of Mexico and the results obtained can be applied to other subsiding, structurally controlled aquifer systems elsewhere.