大巴山城口弧形断裂带右旋走滑构造特征及其意义

大巴山弧形构造带是几何学上对称平顶型、内部形迹削截的弧凸结构带,区域走向总体呈北西向延伸,其主边界城口断裂由北向南发生偏转（由近南北向→北西向→近东西向）,内部构造形迹与边界断裂呈明显削截和交切关系,弧形带凸顶方向与构造带南西向逆冲推覆极性一致。基于野外构造解析和15个样品的显微构造分析,对城口弧形断裂带右旋逆冲走滑构造特征和变形-变质特点及其沿走向的变化进行研究。宏观上,城口断裂带体现出早期近东西走向线理和平行于主断裂带弧形展布的后期线理两期世代和序列性,同时展现出强烈右旋走滑剪切变形特征,且走滑剪切变形强度由北西向南东减弱。微观构造上,断裂带构造岩普遍发生弱-中等强度变质,北段以中-高绿片岩相为主,右旋逆冲走滑剪切指向运动学标志体发育、变形强烈。断裂带南段以低绿片岩相为主,右旋走滑逆冲剪切指向运动学标志体相对稀疏、变形微弱。城口断裂带宏观与微观特征表明变质和（右旋走滑剪切）变形强度总体上由北西向南东逐渐减弱,呈非对称性。构造运动学上的非对称性和强烈右旋走滑剪切运动特征主要取决于印支期以来华南和华北板块汇聚过程中（尤其是燕山期）汉南能干性基底由南向北的强烈楔入作用。     

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A dipole wind curl pattern induced by Taiwan Island and its effect on upper stratification in the northeastern South China Sea

Using hydrographic data sampled during four successive late summer-early autumn cruises in 2004-2007, vertical stratification along transects in the lee of Taiwan Island was analyzed to investigate upper ocean responses to orographically induced dipole wind stress curl (WSC). Results indicate that mixed-layer depth (MLD) and its relationship with thermocline depth varied under different local wind forcings. Average MLD along the transects from the 2004 to 2007 cruises were 18.5,30.7,39.2 and 24.5m, respectively. The MLD along the transects deepened remarkably and resulted in thermocline ventilation in 2005 and 2006, whereas ventilation did not occur in 2004 and 2007. Estimates indicate that frictional wind speed was the major factor in MLD variations. To a large degree, the combined effects of frictional wind speed and Ekman pumping are responsible for the spatial pattern of MLD during the cruises.     

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襄阳万山井水位同震响应特征及成因分析

分析襄阳万山井数字化水位对苏门答腊M9.0、汶川M8.0和日本M9.0地震的同震效应,结合井台所在地的地质构造背景,总结出井水位同震响应和震后效应等特征.研究结果表明:该井水位同震响应均表现为水位同震下降型阶变,井与井之间的同震效应差别的原因与井所处构造位置、含水层系统的自身特性、地震震级和震中构造位置等有关.     

三峡地区雾渡河断裂构造特征及最新活动性研究

根据野外调查获得的第一手资料,结合前人有关雾渡河断裂的研究成果,论述了雾渡河断裂的区域地质背景、构造应力场、深部构造特征、地貌水系样式,其中重点解决了雾渡河断裂的运动学特征和断裂活动时代.根据所采断裂上覆第四纪沉积物样品的TL测年数据(76.43±6.49 ka),确定雾渡河断裂晚更新世以来活动不明显.     

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Slope seismic response monitoring on the aftershocks of the Wenchuan earthquake in the Mianzhu section

Previous investigations have shown that the seismic response of slopes during the Wenchuan earthquake was highly variable.The present study tries to give an answer to the question:Which are the main factors affecting the seismic response degree of slopes? With the support of the China Geological Survey Bureau,we set 3 monitoring sections in Jiulong slope,Mianzhu city,China with the aim to record the site response of the slope during the aftershocks of the Wenchuan earthquake.After the Wenchuan earthquake,which happened on 12 May 2008,30 aftershocks have been recorded in these monitoring points.We analyzed 11 records,with magnitudes ranging from ML = 4.6 to ML = 3.1.The amplification factors of the horizontal compound PGA and 3D compound PGA have been determined for the 3 points at different elevations on the slope.Results showed that the dynamic response of the slope on the earthquake was controlled by factors such as topography and the thickness of the Quaternary overburden.     

城市环境对重气扩散的影响及其验证

开发了适合城市环境下的应急重气扩散模型——SLAB_URBAN模型,该模型能够对城市环境下重气的传输扩散过程进行模拟。模型的原理基于重气扩散浅层理论,采用了新的城市边界层和扩散参数的参数化方案。该方案考虑了城市冠层内特有的风和湍流扩散的特征,能够体现城市边界层和湍流对重气扩散的影响。对美国盐湖城Urban2000的城市扩散试验进行模拟,主要验证下风方向观测弧所观测到的气体最大小时平均浓度与源释放速率的比值。结果表明,模型能够比较好地模拟出下风方向上浓度的分布特征。另外,与国外同类城市扩散模型的比较来看,SLAB_URBAN模型的模拟能力居于前列。