Cloud microphysical properties in tropical convective and stratiform regions

Summary Cloud microphysical properties in tropical convective and stratiform regions are examined based on hourly zonal-mean data from a two-dimensional cloud-resolving simulation. The model is integrated for 21 days with the imposed large-scale vertical velocity, zonal wind and horizontal advections obtained from Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE). Time-mean cloud microphysical budgets are analyzed in raining stratiform regions, convective regions, and non-raining stratiform regions, respectively. In raining stratiform regions, ice water path (IWP) and liquid water path (LWP) have similar magnitudes. The collection process contributes slightly more to the growth of raindrops than the melting processes do, and surface rain rate is higher than the raindrop-related microphysical rate, indicating that the hydrometeor convergence from the convective regions plays a role in surface rainfall processes. In convective regions, IWP is much smaller than LWP, the collection process is dominant in producing raindrops, and surface rain rate is lower than the raindrop-related microphysical rate. In non-raining stratiform regions, IWP is much larger than LWP, and the melting processes are important in maintaining the raindrop budget. The statistical analysis of hourly data suggests that the slopes of linear regression equations between IWP and LWP in three regions are different. Rain producing processes in convective regions are associated with the water cloud processes regardless of convection intensity.     

房产测量中椭圆和样条曲线的多段线逼近

本文介绍了在AutoCAD环境中,对椭圆和样条曲线以面积为逼近指标调整偏移距离,用B样条函数处理偏移后样条曲线的控制数据,生成多段线逼近原椭圆或样条曲线的方法.解决了房产测量和建筑设计中将椭圆和椭圆弧精确地转化为多段线的问题.     

GIS软件坐标系统剖析

在GIS中空间要素一起工作的前提是基于相同的坐标系,但现实中不同地图制图者和不同的GIS数据生产者使用数百种不同的坐标系统,本文以常用GIS软件ArcGIS、MapInfo为例,对GIS软件的坐标系统进行研究与实现,为GIS用户进行坐标系设置与转换提供借鉴意义.     

3S集成技术在城镇土地利用变更调查中的应用研究

城镇地区由于建筑物密集、土地利用类型变化快、土地利用现状图比例尺较大等特点,土地利用变更调查主要依靠专业部门利用全站仪完成,但全站仪需要通视的特点限制了其工作效率。而采用3S集成技术进行城镇地区土地利用变更调查的技术方法,则可以相应提高工作效率。基于3S集成技术城镇地区土地利用变更调查的应用模式为:通过GPS接收机与笔记本电脑(已配置GIS软件系统)通讯,实现GPS与GIS的集成,并调用RS影像作为底图,既可实现实时的数据采集、存储和编辑。对于城镇地区部分GPS信号弱的地区,采用测边交会的方法则可以完成这些点的数据采集,克服了GPS使用盲区的限制。     

中国气象局直属机关青年人才队伍建设研究

中国气象局直属机关青年比例较高,且普遍具备高学历,整体综合素质强,是气象人才队伍的生力军,是气象事业发展的中流砥柱。通过调研,发现青年人才在政治理论学习、职业发展现状、生活工作压力等方面还存在一些问题。针对青年人才队伍中存在的问题,从提高政治理论教育成果、注重青年思想价值观引导、健全青年人才管理机制、加强职业规划指导、关注青年心理健康等方面提出建议,为进一步提升青年工作质量,加强青年人才队伍建设提供参考。     

Static load tests of driven concrete piles under CFRP confinement

ABSTRACT

This paper describes compressive static load tests of concrete driven piles confined by Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). The tested piles include one concrete pipe pile and one concrete rectangular pile which are all partially confined by CFRP, and other two piles with the same dimensions without CFRP application. Tests program was performed to obtain the behaviours of these composite piles. Four Static Loading Tests (SLTs) were conducted and the results shown that those two types of composite pile demonstrate less vertical displacement with the same loading of traditional concrete piles. Furthermore, the traditional methods of Load-settlement (Q-s) curves, Settlement-lg (Load) (s-lgQ) curves and Settlement-lg (Time) curves are analysed. Due to un-plunging condition, the interpretation methods of Davisson’s, DeBeers, Double-Tangent as well as Chin’s methods are demonstrated for the ultimate bearing capacity of these four piles. It is concluded that the CFRP confinement increased the ultimate bearing capacity and this composite material can be perfectly applied in geotechnical condition.     

从桂西地区金砷汞锑元素的区域分布探讨金的物质来源

文章分析对比了桂西地区Ａｕ、Ａｓ、Ｈｇ、Ｓｂ元素的时空区域分布,并经与岩石样对比,发现上古生界以碳酸盐岩为主的地层为高背景,三叠系为低背景,Ａｕ的高背景区呈ＮＷ向展布,这与右江裂谷区地壳演化的独特历史有关。桂西地区上古生界金主要来自深源,三叠系碎屑岩中金主要来自陆源。从Ａｕ元素丰度与存在形式考虑,高背景的碳酸盐岩夹泥岩、硅质岩、火山岩建造及毗邻的碎屑岩对金成矿更有利。     

多用户环境下管理信息系统权限管理的一种新方法

提出一种多用户环境下权限管理的通用模型,对数据库的操作可分为录入、修改、查询3种基本操作,8种组合,由分配权限生成权限字符串,根据用户权限字符申在主菜单上分配操作权限,最后给出编程举例。     

阿勒泰地区河流冰情特征

本文分析了阿勒泰地区主要河流１９５９￣１９８９年３０年间冰情状况,初步总结了河流冰情规律。     

监测网顾及灵敏度准则的解析二类设计

变形体的变形模式确定的情况下,应用灵敏度准则进行监测网的设计;根据Ｔａｙｏｒ展式,导出了监测网顾及灵敏度准则的二类设计模型,并对其解算及模拟算例加以说明。