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61.
洪湖日本沼虾的种群繁殖生物学 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
1994年5月至1995年6月对洪湖日本沼虾的种群繁殖生物学进行了研究.洪湖日本沼虾的繁殖期为4月中旬至10月上旬,5月中旬至8月中旬为日本沼虾的繁殖高峰期,其中6月、8月雌虾抱卵率均在70%以上;日本沼虾群体中雄性总是少于雌性,月性比(♀/♂)变化于1.104-5.780之间,3—6月性比逐渐增高,7─10月性比则逐渐降低;在整个繁殖期.4─7月的抱卵虾均为前一年出生的大、中规格的个体,之后当年出生的个体在繁殖群体中逐渐占据优势;春季抱卵虾的绝对繁殖力和相对繁殖力都大于秋季抱卵虾,分别计算了绝对繁殖力、相对繁殖力与体长、体重的函数关系.本文还对日本沼虾群体性比的周年变化及其产卵次数进行了讨论. 相似文献
62.
在和田地震台阵中心子台安放9台CMG-40T型短周期地震计,采用EDAS-24IP数据采集器进行数据采集。对同一时段观测数据的地动噪声功率谱、动态范围等参数进行测定,并对测定结果进行对比,在使用者的角度分析该类型地震计的一致性。 相似文献
63.
Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation: Applications to stability,sensitivity, and predictability 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) is a nonlinear generalization of linear singular vector (LSV) and features
the largest nonlinear evolution at prediction time for the initial perturbations in a given constraint. It was proposed initially
for predicting the limitation of predictability of weather or climate. Then CNOP has been applied to the studies of the problems
related to predictability for weather and climate. In this paper, we focus on reviewing the recent advances of CNOP’s applications,
which involves the ones of CNOP in problems of ENSO amplitude asymmetry, block onset, and the sensitivity analysis of ecosystem
and ocean’s circulations, etc. Especially, CNOP has been primarily used to construct the initial perturbation fields of ensemble
forecasting, and to determine the sensitive area of target observation for precipitations. These works extend CNOP’s applications
to investigating the nonlinear dynamical behaviors of atmospheric or oceanic systems, even a coupled system, and studying
the problem of the transition between the equilibrium states. These contributions not only attack the particular physical
problems, but also show the superiority of CNOP to LSV in revealing the effect of nonlinear physical processes. Consequently,
CNOP represents the optimal precursors for a weather or climate event; in predictability studies, CNOP stands for the initial
error that has the largest negative effect on prediction; and in sensitivity analysis, CNOP is the most unstable (sensitive)
mode. In multi-equilibrium state regime, CNOP is the initial perturbation that induces the transition between equilibriums
most probably. Furthermore, CNOP has been used to construct ensemble perturbation fields in ensemble forecast studies and
to identify sensitive area of target observation. CNOP theory has become more and more substantial. It is expected that CNOP
also serves to improve the predictability of the realistic predictions for weather and climate events plays an increasingly
important role in exploring the nonlinear dynamics of atmospheric, oceanic and coupled atmosphere-ocean system.
Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2006CB403606, 2007CB411800), National Natural Science Foundation
of China (Grant Nos. 40830955, 40675030, 40505013), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.
IAP07202), and LASG State Key Laboratory Special Fund 相似文献
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Water Resources - Lake Water storage can be estimated based on Lake Boundary and lakebed terrain. The boundary of a lake can be extracted from the remote sensing satellite image or the Unmanned... 相似文献
66.
主跨1 196 m的龙江特大桥是我国第一座位于高烈度地震区的大跨度悬索桥,频繁的地震活动对大桥结构安全构成严重威胁。大桥建设时建立了健康监测系统,其中包含多个结构地震反应观测点,随后布设了场地强震动观测系统,这是对大桥地震响应观测的进一步补充和完善。本文详细介绍场地强震动观测系统的设计方案、系统构成、通信方式等。该系统获取的观测结果,可为龙江大桥在地震作用下结构健康诊断提供依据,为大桥结构地震响应分析提供可靠的地震动输入,有助于了解大桥结构在地震动作用下的反应特征, 提高大跨桥梁的抗震设计水平。 相似文献
67.
Xiushu QIE Shanfeng YUAN Zhixiong CHEN Dongfeng WANG Dongxia LIU Mengyu SUN Zhuling SUN Abhay SRIVASTAVA Hongbo ZHANG Jingyu LU Hui XIAO Yongheng BI Liang FENG Ye TIAN Yan XU Rubin JIANG Mingyuan LIU Xian XIAO Shu DUAN Debin SU Chengyun SUN Wenjing XU Yijun ZHANG Gaopeng LU Da-Lin ZHANG Yan YIN Ye YU 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(1):10-26
The Dynamical-microphysical-electrical Processes in Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning Hazards(STORM973)project conducted coordinated comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in the Beijing metropolitan region(BMR)during the warm season from 2014 to 2018.The aim of the project was to understand how dynamical,microphysical and electrical processes interact in severe thunderstorms in the BMR,and how to assimilate lightning data in numerical weather prediction models to improve severe thunderstorm forecasts.The platforms used in the field campaign included the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET,consisting of 16 stations),2 X-band dual linear polarimetric Doppler radars,and 4 laser raindrop spectrometers.The collaboration also made use of the China Meteorological Administration’s mesoscale meteorological observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Although diverse thunderstorm types were documented,it was found that squall lines and multicell storms were the two major categories of severe thunderstorms with frequent lightning activity and extreme rainfall or unexpected local short-duration heavy rainfall resulting in inundations in the central urban area,influenced by the terrain and environmental conditions.The flash density maximums were found in eastern Changping District,central and eastern Shunyi District,and the central urban area of Beijing,suggesting that the urban heat island effect has a crucial role in the intensification of thunderstorms over Beijing.In addition,the flash rate associated with super thunderstorms can reach hundreds of flashes per minute in the central city regions.The super(5%of the total),strong(35%),and weak(60%)thunderstorms contributed about 37%,56%,and 7%to the total flashes in the BMR,respectively.Owing to the close connection between lightning activity and the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the thunderstorms,the lightning flash rate can be used as an indicator of severe weather events,such as hail and short-duration heavy rainfall.Lightning data can also be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models to help improve the forecasting of severe convection and precipitation at the cloud-resolved scale,through adjusting or correcting the thermodynamic and microphysical parameters of the model. 相似文献
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70.
武汉市汤逊湖沉积物重金属垂向变化的磁响应特征及环境意义 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
对武汉汤逊湖湖泊沉积物T06-1样芯进行了磁性测量、重金属分析和粒度分析,探讨了利用磁参数追踪、指示城市湖泊重金属污染的可行性。结果表明,低矫顽力的亚铁磁矿物主导了沉积物的磁性特征。磁参数,SIRM和ARM与重金属Cr,Zn,Cu和Pb呈现较为一致的垂向变化特征:55cm之下,磁参数值和重金属的含量均较低且稳定;在50~10cm之间,两者基本呈现随深度的减小而增加的趋势,其中在20~10cm区间,出现小范围内波动;而10cm至表层,元素含量和磁参数值随深度减小而急剧增加。选取粘土((4μm)对沉积物中Cr,Zn,Cu和Pb进行粒度校正的结果显示:校正后元素的变化趋向于平稳,但在表层的10cm处Cr,Pb,Zn和Cu的含量仍然较高,表明了表层沉积物中金属元素的含量主要受人类活动的影响。相关分析也表明了磁参数X1,SIRM和ARM与重金属Cr,Pb,Zn和Cu之间均呈显著相关关系(0.62≤R≤0.86),表明磁参数可以用于追踪和指示汤逊湖湖泊沉积物重金属污染。 相似文献