山东重力场季节性变化特征

利用山东地区2010—2012年6期流动重力测量资料,研究了鲁南网重力场的变化特征。结果表明重力场呈明显的季节性变化,即每年的3月与8月,重力场存在反向变化,变化幅值相近;季节性变化与降水有关。     

从反射地震剖面认识龙门山断裂带彭灌杂岩深部结构

彭灌杂岩位于龙门山断裂带中段,是龙门山区域地质构造重要组成部分.通过对一条穿过彭灌杂岩中部的深地震反射剖面进行分析解释,描述该区域彭灌杂岩深部结构特征及形成机制.地震反射剖面分析表明彭灌杂岩在纵深上存在分层结构,且彭灌杂岩存在底界面,在该区域表现出无根特征,参考岩体层倾向推断原岩应来自现位置西北方向更深部;同时剖面能量...     

航空影像的模糊增强方法

根据航空影像的灰度特性,选用像素的相对灰度等级作为模糊特征,采用模糊算法实现航空影像的模糊增强处理。实验表明,模糊算法较传统方法可取得更好的增强效果。     

Temporal Variability of Total Ozone in the Asian Region Inferred from Ground-Based and Satellite Measurement Data

This paper reports investigation data on the temporal variability of total ozone content (TOC) in the Central Asian and Tibet Plateau mountain regions obtained by conventional methods, as well as by spectral, cross-wavelet, and composite analyses. The data of ground-based observation stations located at Huang He, Kunming, and Lake Issyk-Kul, along with the satellite data obtained at SBUV/SBUV2 (SBUV merged total and profile ozone data, Version 8.6) for 1980–2013 and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) and TOU (Total Ozone Unit) for 2009–2013 have been used. The average relative deviation from the SBUV/SBUV2 data is less than 1% in Kunming and Issyk-Kul for the period of 1980–2013, while the Huang He Station is characterized by an excess of the satellite data over the ground-based information at an average deviation of 2%. According to the Fourier analysis results, the distribution of amplitudes and the periods of TOC oscillations within a range of over 14 months is similar for all series analyzed. Meanwhile, according to the cross-wavelet and composite analyses results, the phase relationships between the series may considerably differ, especially in the periods of 5–7 years. The phase of quasi-decennial oscillations in the Kunming Station is close to the 11-year oscillations of the solar cycle, while in the Huang He and Issyk-Kul stations the TOC variations go ahead of the solar cycle.     

An explanation for 13 consecutive day activities of Mrk 421

It is surprising to find an instance of migration in the peak positions of synchrotron spectral energy distribution components during the activity epochs of Markarian 421(Mrk 421),accompanying an orphan flare at the X-ray and GeV-TeVγ-ray bands.A geometric interpretation and standard shock or stochastic acceleration models of blazar emission have difficulty reproducing these observed behaviors.The present paper introduces a linear acceleration by integrating the reconnection electric field into the particle transport model for the observed behaviors of Mrk 421.We note that strong evidence for evolution in characteristic of multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution including shifting the peak frequency,accompanying an orphan flare at the X-ray and GeV-TeVγ-ray bands provides an important electrostatic acceleration diagnostic in a blazar jet.Assuming suitable model parameters,we apply the results of the simulation to the 13-day flaring event in March 2010 of Mrk 421,concentrating on the evolution of multiwavelength spectral energy distribution characteristic by shifting the peak frequency.It is clear that the ratio of the electric field and magnetic field strength plays an important role in temporal evolution of the peak frequency of synchrotron spectral energy distribution component.We suggest it is reasonable that the electrostatic acceleration is responsible for the evolution of multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution characteristic by shifting the peak frequency.Based on the model results,we assert that the peak frequency of the synchrotron spectral energy distribution component may signify a temporary characteristic of blazars,rather than a permanent one.     

基于MapObjects的闽江口湿地信息系统

在动态度、马尔柯夫链等数学方法和景观生态学理论指导下,建立了闽江口湿地时空演变模型,应用组件式技术,利用MapObjects在Visual Basic平台上,进行闽江口湿地时空演变信息系统设计和开发,并应用该信息系统对闽江口湿地时空演变进行实例分析。结果表明,该系统能更高效、直观管理闽江口湿地空间信息和属性信息,以形象化的方式对湿地作全局性时空分析,使得闽江口湿地管理和保护更加科学。     

基于静止卫星红外云图的MCS普查研究进展及标准修订

基于静止卫星红外云图的MCS普查标准不统一不利于各种MCS普查结果的对比分析, 该文在总结MCS普查研究进展的基础上, 依据Orlanski尺度分类标准对MβCS普查的最小尺度标准作了修订, 即修订为TBB≤-32 ℃的连续冷云区直径≥20 km。根据马禹等的MβCS普查标准和该文修订的MβCS普查标准, 利用GOES-9卫星红外云图普查了2003年6月19日—7月22日淮河大水期间的MCS, 结果发现共有10个MαCS和24个MβCS, 并对24个MβCS作了普查标准修订前后的统计结果对比, 发现新的普查标准比根据马禹等的MβCS普查标准获得的结果多7个MβCS, 并且这7个MβCS中有6个都引起强降水, 因此这种对比分析结果表明:新MβCS普查标准对揭示淮河大水和MCS的关系更具合理性。此外, 还分析了3个因MβCS而引起局地强降水的典型个例, 这些MβCS的直径尺度只有几十至一百多公里, 不符合马禹等的MβCS普查标准。对这3个MβCS分析结果表明:该文新MβCS普查标准有助于对产生剧烈天气的MCS的普查研究和预报。     

不同密度团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)对轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)和密刺苦草(Vallisneria denseserrulata)群落结构的影响

冠层型水草轮叶黑藻在富营养情况下,生长迅速,覆盖水面,对于草甸型水草密刺苦草具有明显的竞争优势.为控制轮叶黑藻的竞争优势,于湖北省鄂州市团头鲂原种场的一个池塘进行了原位围隔（10 m×10 m）实验,研究不同密度（0、0.5和1尾/m²）团头鲂牧食作用对轮叶黑藻和密刺苦草群落结构的影响,并通过无人机数字图像处理获取水草覆盖度信息.实验过程中,沉水植物总覆盖度未发生变化.研究发现,团头鲂选择性牧食使得密刺苦草生物量和覆盖度显著增加.随着牧食强度的加大,团头鲂对轮叶黑藻的控制效果显著,放养密度为1尾/m²的围隔中轮叶黑藻比例降幅最明显.群落中轮叶黑藻与密刺苦草的生物量之比迅速下降,由6.14减少至0.002,覆盖度之比由4.88左右减少至约1.44.图像处理结果与实际采样情况相吻合,且通过误差矩阵得到图像分类平均精度达到90%以上,表明无人机数字图像处理在一定条件下可以作为获取沉水植物覆盖度的一种有效辅助手段.实验结束后,1尾/m²组的围隔中密刺苦草成为优势种,其植株密度、株高、株重和单株叶片数均显著增加,草甸更加密实.实验结果表明,放养1尾/m²密度的团头鲂可以有效控制轮叶黑藻并维持密刺苦草种群优势,结果为团头鲂对湖泊沉水植物群落的控制提供了参考.     

云南地区背景噪声层析成像

选取云南省区域台网46个地震台从2007年11月—2009年10月的宽频带噪声数据, 通过互相关方法获得经验格林函数, 采用自适应时频分析方法获取相速度频散曲线, 并且反演得到8—40 s的相速度分布图. 研究结果表明： 云南地区短周期相速度低速异常与地表断裂带分布和沉积层厚度密切相关; 在短周期相速度分布图上, 红河断裂南北段呈现差异, 表明红河断裂南北段周边介质存在物性差异, 这可能是造成地震活动南北差异的主要原因; 长周期相速度分布图显示, 红河断裂和小江断裂带存在低速异常, 可能是切穿地壳的超壳断裂, 该低速异常可能与深部热作用有关; 红河断裂和小江断裂带交汇地区存在高速异常, 该高速异常体对川滇块体深部介质向南运动可能起到了阻挡的作用. 本文结果为下一步反演云南地区的三维剪切波速度结构奠定了基础.     

Analysis of Offshore Oil Pipeline Floating Laying

-Based on the calculation model for the floating laying of the offshore oil pipeline, this paper analyses in detail the internal force, and deformation of the pipeline under a definite structural form (pipeline and buoy) and the way of pulling. The obtained results can be used for the buoy deployment, structure design, and the determination of pulling parameters (the pulling force of the cable and its length, etc.), providing an effective analysis method for floating pipeline-laying. A calculation example is given to show the related calculation process and the main results are analyzed and discussed.