A 150-year isotopic record of lead deposition in Yancheng coastal wetland,China

Radioactive markers are useful in dating lead(Pb) deposition patterns from industrialization in sedimentary archives. As a well-known natural reserve in the world, Yancheng coastal wetland in Jiangsu Province is one of areas most sensitive to global sea level change and is located in the most developed and polluted region of China. Two cores were collected in Yancheng wetland in October 2013 and dated using ~(210)Pb and ~(137)Cs radiometric techniques. Sediments in both cores were sectioned into depth bands and examined systematically for dry bulk density, water content, magnetic susceptibility and grain-size. Multiple elements including Pb were also measured using inductively coupled plasma systems. Unsupported ~(210)Pb activities decreased with depth in both of the two cores, and ~(210)Pb chronologies were established(covering 150 years) using the constant rate of supply(CRS) model. The measured Pb contents ranged from 14.97 mg/kg to 29.40 mg/kg with average values of 17.17–22.79 mg/kg, and the Pb fluxes ranged from 41.70 mg/(m~2·yr) to 172.70 mg/(m~2·yr) with averages of 95.59–123.41 mg/(m~2·yr). Temporal variations of Pb flux, enrichment factors and Pb isotopes show a gradual and continuous increase over time and clearly reflect increased emissions from anthropogenic activities in the region. The Pb isotopic compositions show that most of Pb deposition in Yancheng wetland is input from natural sources by water flows and has the same levels of Pb as in the surface sediment of the Yangtze River and the Pacific mineral aerosol. We also stress the anthropogenic Pb contribution in Yangcheng wetland sediment and the reason of our Pb isotopes not showing anthropogenic signature is likely the instability of anthropogenic Pb in high Fe/Mn oxide conditions. Therefore, more attention should be paid to current local pollution problems, and society should take action to seek a balance between economic development and environmental protection.     

Interpretation of IPCC AR6 on buildings北大核心CSCD

IPCC于2022年4月正式发布了第六次评估报告(AR6)第三工作组(WGⅢ)报告《气候变化2022:减缓气候变化》,该报告以已发布的第一和第二工作组报告作为基础,评估了各领域减缓气候变化的进展。报告的第九章建筑章节系统全面地评估了全球建筑领域的温室气体排放现状、趋势和驱动因素,综述并评估了建筑减缓气候变化的措施、潜力、成本和政策。报告主要结论认为,全球建筑领域有可能在2050年实现温室气体净零排放,但如果政策措施执行不力,将有可能在建筑领域形成长达几十年的高碳锁定效应。报告的主要结论将成为全球建筑领域应对气候变化行动的重要参考,对于我国建筑领域实现碳达峰、碳中和目标也有非常重要的借鉴意义。     

我国海底地貌研究进展及其在东海近海的新发现、新认识

在分析海底地貌学国内外研究现状基础之上,综述我国海底地貌的最新研究进展和发展历程,探讨今后我国近海地貌的研究发展方向:我国现代海底地貌学研究虽然起步较晚,但总的趋势是随着测量技术的不断更新,由宏观向微观、从大的地貌类型向特定的地貌体、从形态特征到地貌过程的研究,并着重研究人类活动与地貌过程的响应关系。针对"908专项"在我国近海海域的调查成果,着重介绍其在我国东海近海海域地形地貌研究中的新发现、新认识:长江口外古潮流沙脊群可分为堆积型、侵蚀—堆积型和侵蚀型潮流沙脊群3种类型;在福建闽江口近岸的马祖列岛和白犬列岛之间发现多条呈SW—NE走向、条带状分布的潮流沙脊,面积约200 km2,水深在15～30 m;在东海陆架沙脊区与金门岛外发现2处新的海底礁石。这些全新的发现和认识对于我国近海海底地貌的研究将起到丰富和推动作用。     

ITCZ的季节突变

本文用低阶截断谱模式方法,分析了经向环流圈或ITCZ的季节性迁移突变。结果指出,在一定强度的对流凝结加热作用下,由于非线性相互作用,经向环流圈或ITCZ随着太阳辐射的季节变化,可以发生季节性迁移的突变。反之,当对流凝结加热较弱时,它们的季节迁移是连续变化的。     

南海北部冷泉碳酸盐岩和石化微生物细菌及地质意义

通过对2002年广州海洋地质调查局在南海北部海域拖网采集的碳酸盐岩样品进行岩石、矿物、微量元素和同位素特征的研究,证实在南海水合物远景区发育有冷泉碳酸盐岩。冷泉碳酸盐岩形态类似于烟囱,主要由方解石、伊利石、石英、黄铁矿和一种未知的矿物组成。保存了很可能是石化的甲烷氧化和硫酸盐还原细菌。碳酸盐岩矿物的δ^13CPDB为-51.24‰～-51．757‰。碳酸盐岩矿物的页岩标准化稀土元素配分模式具无Ce和Eu异常、微弱的轻稀土亏损和中稀土富集特征,表明形成于还原的缺氧环境,显示了冷泉碳酸盐岩的特征,指示在南海北部水合物远景分布区内冷泉活动的近海底可能发育有水合物。     

含水矿物的电子探针定量分析

本文对含水矿物电子探针定量分析方法进行探讨,提出了从除水外各组分测定的和值中推算含水量并将其水量参与各组分浓度的校正计算。此法简便易行,提高了含水矿物定量分析的准确度,特别是对富含水矿物尤其重要。此外,本文对不稳定含水矿物的测试方法也作了一些研究。     

东昆仑区域构造的发展演化

本文主要依据东昆仑地区的超镁铁岩,玄武岩和花岗岩类岩石的岩石化学、稀土元素、痕量元素及同位素测年等测试成果,结合孢粉及生物化石特征,并综合有关地质构造与地球物理资料,认为至少在中元古代昆仑洋壳即已形成,并在此基础上探讨了东昆仑区域构造的发展演化特征。     

Farmers＇ vulnerability to flood risk： A case study in the Poyang Lake Region

This paper quantitatively explores farmers＇ vulnerability to flood in the Poyang Lake Region （PLR） with the supports of GIS spatial functions. The analysis consists of three major steps, which is based on the spatial unit of township. Firstly, the spatial extent and characteristics of flood risk areas were determined using a digital elevation model （DEM） derived from the 1：50,000 topographic map. Secondly, for each of the township, six indices indicating the economic activities of local farmers were calculated. These indices are： rural population proportion, cultivated land proportion, GDP per unit area, employment proportion of primary industry, net rural income per capita and agricultural income proportion. These six indices were then normalized and used for later vulnerability assessment. Thirdly, the normalized indices （as GIS data layers） were overlaid with the flood risk areas to produce the risk coefficient for each township and to calculate the overall vulnerability for each township. The analysis results show that in the PLR there are high flood risk areas where the farmers＇ livings are seriously influenced or threatened. About 55.56% of the total 180 townships in the flood risk areas have a high degree of flood vulnerability. The townships under flood risk are mainly distributed in the areas around the Poyang Lake and the areas along the ＂five rivers＂.     

城市三维房屋住宅管理平台开发的关键技术

近年来,房屋住宅区建设日益增多,国内大多数房管部门都建立了二维房屋管理平台,但随着房管部门信息化程度越来越高,房屋管理不断向立体化和规模化发展,如何将城市三维数据应用于房屋住宅管理,已成为热点应用之一.依托倾斜摄影技术构建城市三维实景模型,并建立房屋住宅应用模块,实现房屋住宅管理由二维向三维的转变,提高了房屋住宅管理水...     

兰州市金城关断层的活动特征

金城关断层是兰州盆地北部边界的一条重要断层.野外地质调查和钻探资料证实,金城关断层断错在前寒武系变质岩和第三纪砂岩之间及早更新世砾岩之间,其活动时代为第四纪早期.沙井驿-白塔段和五一山段明确有断层存在,而青白石段和南坡坪段不存在断层,金城关断层的实际断层长度只有25km.