Vertical concentration profile of nonuniform sediment

A new formula for the concentration profile of nonuniform sediment is derived using the diffusion differential equation with equilibrium bed concentration.The interaction coefficient for nonuniform sediment particles as a function of both relative diameter and geometric standard deviation of nonuniform sediment is taken into account in the settling velocity.The diffusion coefficient is obtained from the logarithmic velocity profile.This new formula possesses several advantages as follows:(1)avoids theoretical defect of the Rouse formula,which states that the sediment concentration is infinite at the bottom and zero at the water surface.(2)suitable for an arbitrary fraction of nonuniform sediment,and(3)easy to apply with a simple form.The formula yields less difference among concentration profiles for various particles than that for uniform sediment and reveals the lawfor fractional concentration distribution of nonuniform sediment.The calculated concentration agrees well with the measured data from the Yangtze River.     

Numerical and test study on vertical vibration characteristics of pile group in slope soil topography

Topography effects on the vertical vibration responses of pile group are revealed though numerical analysis and model tests.First,a series of model tests with different topography of ground and bedrock are conducted.The results indicate that displacement amplitude of the pile head in sloping ground topography is larger than in horizontal ground.Differential displacement at various positions of the pile cap is observed in non-horizontal topography.Afterwards,a numerical algorithm is employed to further explore the essential response characteristics in group piles of different topography configurations,which has been verified by the test results.The lengths of the exposed and frictional segment,together with the thickness of the subsoil layer,are the dominant factors which cause non-axisymmetric vibration at the pile cap.     

广西上泥盆统F-F界线碳同位素的变化特征

发生在晚泥盆世弗拉期(Frasnian)-法门期(Famennian)之交的生物灭绝事件(简称F-F事件)是古生代以来五大生物集群灭绝事件之一,其原因仍含糊不清。碳同位素研究显示,伴随F-F事件全球碳循环发生了显著的变化。但对中国南方F-F事件地层碳同位素变化特征的认识不够,缺乏系统的研究。对广西桂林杨堤上泥盆统灰岩剖面的碳同位素的分析结果表明,在上泥盆统存在两次碳同位素正偏移,分别出现在下rhenana带和F-F的界线,其中,出现在F-F界线的碳同位素正偏移与广西垌村以及欧美和非洲等地的上泥盆统F-F界线附近的碳同位素记录一致,且具有相近的变化幅度。进一步对广西桂林附近的杨堤和垌村剖面F-F界线的碳同位素组成变化模式的分析发现,这次正偏移可能是由多次次级变化组成,与F-F事件中生物的灭绝步骤相似。     

豆荚状铬铁矿豆状结构成因机制探讨--以遵化地区豆荚状铬铁矿为例

豆荚状铬铁矿是蛇绿岩套地幔构造岩中特征的矿产 ,其矿石发育丰富的岩浆 -变形结构构造类型 ,对认识大洋上地幔成因及其成矿过程具有重要意义。对遵化新太古代豆荚状铬铁矿的深入研究 ,发现它们发育了丰富的岩浆结构 (豆状结构、豆壳状结构等 ) ,还保留了大量凝缩标志和旋转特征。对比分析其各种特征结构发现豆状结构是由浸染状结构逐步演化形成的 ,并且旋转和凝缩是形成豆状结构的主要机理。豆荚状铬铁矿以其独特而稳定的物理化学特性 ,记录了大洋地幔深部岩浆活动(特别是扩张中心原始岩浆活动 )以及大洋岩石圈运动过程。因此 ,研究其成因机制能够为研究大洋上地幔动力学机制提供重要线索     

广西百色盆地东部古近系那读组湖相灰岩

百色盆地东部田东坳陷那坤地区古近系那读组三段下部发育一套数米至数十米厚的湖相灰岩,岩石以浅灰色-灰色、含大量的螺蚌化石和具核形石结构为特征,间夹有薄层的泥岩、钙质泥质粉砂岩。本文在实测地表剖面和详细观察岩心的基础上,仔细研究了此套灰岩的岩石学特征。依据丰富的原生沉积构造、古生物化石标志以及沉积地球化学、测井相特征将湖相灰岩的沉积相划分为滨湖、颗粒滩、浅湖三个亚相以及灰泥坪、沼泽、颗粒坪、滩缘、滩核、滩间水道、灰泥浅湖、泥质浅湖等八个微相,并详细地研究了各微相的沉积特征。结合该灰岩的区域分布和沉积相的平面展布格局指出沉积相主体属于浅湖的颗粒滩,并提出了相应的沉积相模式。     

The dark matter environment of the Abell 901/902 supercluster: a weak lensing analysis of the HST STAGES survey

We present a high-resolution dark matter reconstruction of the   z = 0.165  Abell 901/902 supercluster from a weak lensing analysis of the Hubble Space Telescope STAGES survey. We detect the four main structures of the supercluster at high significance, resolving substructure within and between the clusters. We find that the distribution of dark matter is well traced by the cluster galaxies, with the brightest cluster galaxies marking out the strongest peaks in the dark matter distribution. We also find a significant extension of the dark matter distribution of Abell 901a in the direction of an infalling X-ray group Abell 901α. We present mass, mass-to-light and mass-to-stellar mass ratio measurements of the structures and substructures that we detect. We find no evidence for variation of the mass-to-light and mass-to-stellar mass ratio between the different clusters. We compare our space-based lensing analysis with an earlier ground-based lensing analysis of the supercluster to demonstrate the importance of space-based imaging for future weak lensing dark matter 'observations'.     

一种基于FPGA的多种波形发生器的设计

简要介绍了直接数字频率合成技术的基本原理,重点给出了直接数字频率合成技术的FPGA硬件实现.实验表明,基于FPGA的直接数字频率合成技术不仅可以产生任意波形,而且波形的频率、相位、幅度任意可调.     

A GRB Follow-up System at the Xinglong Observatory and Detection of the High-Redshift GRB 060927

A gamma-ray burst (GRB) optical photometric follow-up system at the Xinglong Observatory of National Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC) has been constructed. It uses the 0.8-m Tsinghua-NAOC Telescope (TNT) and the 1-m EST telescope, and can au-tomatically respond to GRB Coordinates Network (GCN) alerts. Both telescopes slew rela-tively fast, being able to point to a new target field within ～ 1 min upon a request. Whenever available, the 2.16-m NAOC telescope is also used. In 2006 the system responded to 15 GRBs and detected seven early afterglows. In 2007 six GRBs have been detected among 18 follow-up observations. TNT observations of the second most distant GRB 060927 (z = 5.5) are shown, which started as early as 91 s after the GRB trigger. The afterglow was detected in the combined image of the first 19 × 20 s unfiltered exposures. This GRB follow-up system has joined the East-Asia GRB Follow-up Observation Network (EAFON).     

大型海水淡化装置流场数值模拟及其优化

利用计算流体力学软件Phoenics对海水淡化装置中的闪发腔内的流场进行计算,并分析绕流板的设置对湍流度的影响。由于以往对提高海水淡化装置特别是多级闪发装置(MultiStageFlashMSF)效率的研究多局限于提高热效率的方面,或者是采用化学的方法,而忽视了从流体力学角度通过改变闪发腔内流动情况来提高效率。因此,本文通过对海水淡化装置闪发腔内流动情况的数值模拟,探索提高效率的方法。