秦岭中部山地落叶阔叶林超级垂直带的发现与意义

山地垂直带谱是气候和植被水平地带变化和更替的缩影,垂直带的带幅、带间过渡方式、带内结构和垂直带组合方式都表现出高度的异质性和复杂性。本文发现在中国南北过渡带中部太白山发育了世界上最宽的山地垂直带——山地落叶阔叶林垂直带。该垂直带从基带到典型垂直带再到先锋性垂直带皆为山地落叶阔叶林,3种本来可以独立存在的垂直带,连续分布形成了包含3个栎林亚带、2个桦林亚带的“三层五亚带”超级垂直带,远远超过正常情况下山地垂直带1000 m的阈值,且其上限达到了海拔2800 m。它的形成与秦岭所处的过渡性地理位置、秦岭中部垂直带谱的完整性、丰富的落叶木本植物种群及其形成的强大群落竞争优势等因素紧密相关。超级垂直带的发现有多方面的意义：它是中国南北过渡带又一重要的标志性自然地理特征;它表明山地垂直带在特殊的山地环境中可以具有非常复杂的内部结构和宽大带幅,这扩展了我们对山地垂直带谱结构及机理认识的广度,对于创建山地垂直带谱结构理论具有十分重要的意义;超级垂直带的发现,也说明中国南北过渡带还有很多科学内容有待我们去探索和发现,希望本文能起到抛砖引玉的作用,引起学界对超级垂直带形成的气候和生物多样性因素、地理过渡带的结构和生态效应等重大问题进行深入研究。     

OH超脉泽源的模型与统计分析

本文提出OH超脉泽源的一个具体模型,在该模型中OH超脉泽源由非饱和的球型子源组成.在此估算出超脉泽星系致密射电核的尺度和连续谱亮温度,以及OH源距星系核的最小非饱和距离.计算表明,OH超脉泽源所包含的子源数目可能相当大.R_H～log ρ_(25μm)/ρ_(60μm)图、log L_(OH)/L_(IR)～log ρ_(25μm)/ρ_(60μm)图和其它结果显示,有一部分OH超脉泽源很可能是弱饱和的,本文对此作了解释.     

矿物热电系数及其在地质找矿中的应用

作者的研究表明,在非本征激发区,矿物热电系数随着活化温度的增高而增大;在本征激发区,随活化温度的增高而减小。矿物晶体中所含杂质的种类和含量多少决定矿物的导电类型。矿物热电系数可广泛应用于地质找矿和矿床评价中,以黄铁矿为例,在同一水平面上的含金矿脉,矿脉中黄铁矿热电系数正值高时,其矿石含金量也高。应用黄铁矿热电系数的正高值、混合型和负值可确定矿体和矿体的剥蚀深度。     

基于RS和GIS的库木库勒盆地盐湖面积变化及气候响应

以Landsat卫星1972~2013年间5个时期的遥感影像数据为基础,结合野外实际调查和室内解译分析,运用RS和GIS技术,提取影像中盐湖湖水边界信息,并绘制了5个时期盐湖面积变化的图谱。结合库木库勒盆地气象数据(年降水量、平均气温、相对湿度、平均风速)对盐湖面积变化进行响应分析,探究盐湖变化与气候之间的相关性,并讨论气候变化对库木库勒盆地内盐湖面积变化的影响机制,探讨不同气象因子对盆地内盐湖面积变化的作用。平均气温、降水量、相对湿度对盆地内盐湖的面积扩大均有促进作用,且平均气温的作用占主导性,这为库木库勒盆地盐湖的演化研究以及盐湖资源开发提供了相应参考和借鉴材料。     

LRS Bianchi type-I models with constant deceleration parameter in?creation field cosmology

We have studied Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-I space-time having constant deceleration parameter and filled with perfect fluid in the Hoyle-Narlikar C-field cosmology. Here, the creation field C is a function of time t only. The geometrical and physical aspects for the models are also studied.     

Migration and enrichment of trace elements of Lower Palaeozoic carbonate rock strata in Beijing

Analyses of trace elements of the Lower Palaeozoic carbonate rock strata in Beijing show that the contents of As, Hg, F increase from primary carbonate rocks to weathered carbonate rocks and from primary carbonate rocks to the soil coexisting with carbonate rocks, but the distribution regularity of S is not obvious. In the whole weathered stages, the sorption of As is mainly affected by Fe2O3. In soil Fe2O3 is also the main affecting factor of Hg enrichment. The main existing forms of Hg in primary carbonate rocks should simply be physical adsorption, coprecipitation and false isomorphous form between surface of carbonate rock and Hg. In soil the enrichment of F has little relationship with sul-fides and Fe2O3. In primary carbonate rocks, F is mainly absorbed by sulfides and clay minerals, etc. Weathered samples have closer genetic relationships with primary carbonate rocks. This also implies that weathered carbonate rocks have the close existing forms to that of primary carbonate rocks. In primary carbonate rocks FeS2 and FeS are the main forms of S, and sulfides have fixation effect on some heavy metals, whereas in weathered carbonate rocks and soil the fixation effect is weakened.     

可控源法在海阳市郭城地区鑫泰金矿床成矿规律中的应用

可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT法)是一种利用人工场源研究地层、构造等深部地质特征问题的新技术新方法。在山东省海阳市郭城地区鑫泰金矿床的应用研究表明,CSAMT法可以较好地用于确定矿体的产状和大致地层结构,在矿体成矿规律研究方面具有较为突出的应用效果。     

Comparative analysis on microbial community associated with different gastrointestinal regions of wild northern snakehead Channa argus Cantor, 1842

Microbial communities in different gastrointestinal regions(stomach, foregut, midgut, and hindgut) of the northern snakehead C hanna argus(Cantor, 1842) were compared by polymerase chain reaction and partial 16 S r DNA sequencing. A total of 194, 140, 212, and 122 OTUs were detected in the stomach, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, respectively. Significant dif ferences were found in the Sobs, ACE, Shannon, and Simpson indices among samples(P 0.05). The gastrointestinal microbial community of C. argus consisted predominantly of Proteobacteria with either H alomonas, Shewanella, Plesiomonas, or Sphingomonas. Fusobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes also existed in the gastrointestinal tracts. However, significant diff erences were found in the compositions of microbial community among the four regions( P 0.05). Cyanobacteria and Spirochetes were significantly higher in the midgut and hindgut( P 0.05). Fusobacteria and Firmicutes were dominant in the hindgut and foregut, respectively(P 0.05). Proteobacteria was the lowest in the hindgut( P 0.05). At genus level, C etobacterium and Plesiomonas were significantly higher in the hindgut than in the other three samples( P 0.05). Clostridium and Prevotella were the highest in the midgut(P 0.05). Halomonas, Shewanella, and S phingomonas were the highest in the foregut( P 0.05). Paracoccus and Vibrio were the highest in the stomach. Several genera were only detected in certain regions, as follows: stomach, P aracoccus and Vibrio; foregut, Halomonas, Shewanella, and Sphingomonas; midgut, Clostridium and Prevotella; and hindgut, C etobacterium and Plesiomonas( P 0.05). At the species level, A cinetobacter rhizosphaerae was only detected in the stomach. P revotella copri and Clostridium perfring were not detected in the foregut and midgut, respectively, whereas Prevotella copri and Faecalibacterium pra were not detected in the hindgut. These findings provide valuable information on the microbial community in each gastrointestinal region of C. argus. Moreover, this study indicated that microbial community was not only related to rearing environment but also to the physico-chemical characteristics of each gastrointestinal region.     

抗差估计的初值选择

对L1 范估计的平差值和LS估计的平差值作为抗差估计的初值进行了比较 ,指出在 ρ函数是严凸函数时 ,二者无明显的区别。因为LS估计简单且易于计算 ,因此建议用LS估计的平差值作为抗差估计的初值。     

农村居民点动态演变及驱动机制研究——以江苏省宜兴市为例

选取宜兴市为研究区,在GIS和RS技术的支撑下,对农村居民点用地的规模变化和空间分布进行分析,对引起农村居民点用地变化的驱动因素进行研究。结果表明:1农村居民点用地整体呈下降趋势,变化速度逐年减慢,主要新增来源是农用地,主要转移去向是城镇建设用地;2在地形平坦、距离水源和农用地较近的地区,农村居民点分布密集;3经济发展、人口减少、交通改善和城市化水平提高是影响农村居民点变化的主要驱动因素。