夏季通风气象指数预报

随着人们生活水平的提高,对室内污染越来越关注,应"中国室内环境监测委员会"提出的需求,通风气象指数于2006年6月首次向北京公众发布,文章就首先研发并投入业务使用的夏季通风指数给出了详细论述.通过对2005年夏季(6～8月)的各气象要素(气压、温、湿、风、能见度、天空状况等)资料共1790个数据做检验分析,最终选取体感温度为主要预报因子并综合考虑夏季特殊天气条件和风力以及污染的影响,得出夏季通风指数在一天中7个时段的预报公式,并划分出相应的指数等级.     

Landslide susceptibility mapping based on GIS and information value model for the Chencang District of Baoji,China

The main objective of this study was to apply a statistical (information value) model using geographic information system (GIS) to the Chencang District of Baoji, China. Landslide locations within the study area were identified using reports and aerial photographs, and a field survey. A total of 120 landslides were mapped, of which 84 (70 %) were randomly selected for building the landslide susceptibility model. The remaining 36 (30 %) were used for model validation. We considered a total of 10 potential factors that predispose an area to a landslide for the landslide susceptibility mapping. These included slope degree, altitude, slope aspect, plan curvature, geomorphology, distance from faults, lithology, land use, mean annual rainfall, and peak ground acceleration. Following an analysis of these factors, a landslide susceptibility map was produced using the information value model with GIS. The resulting landslide susceptibility index was divided into five classes (very high, high, moderate, low, and very low) using the natural breaks method. The corresponding distribution area percentages were 29.22, 25.14, 15.66, 15.60, and 14.38 %, respectively. Finally, landslide locations were used to validate the results of the landslide susceptibility map using areas under the curve (AUC). The AUC plot showed that the susceptibility map had a success rate of 81.79 % and a prediction accuracy of 82.95 %. Based on the results of the AUC evaluation, the landslide susceptibility map produced using the information value model exhibited good performance.     

西秦岭马脑壳金矿床构造变形特征 与成矿关系研究

马脑壳金矿床构造变形复杂且研究薄弱,作者通过野外地质填图并结合矿山生产勘探,以构造解析为研究方法,对马脑壳金矿床的变形特征与金成矿关系进行了研究。构造解析表明区内地层在成岩期遭受了同生变形,成岩后先后遭受了NE-SW向的挤压褶皱逆冲变形（[T₃³]）、左行走滑变形并伴随伸展塌陷变形（J_1-2）,宏观上表现为推覆—走滑控矿,即印支末期推覆作用形成的变形样式整体控制着金矿体的产出和分布,后期走滑作用叠加改造导致的张性破裂样式控制着金矿化强度,成矿作用主要发生在左行走滑变形阶段（J_1-2）,成矿机制是燕山早中期（J_1-2）西秦岭地区由强烈的挤压动力体制向弥散间隔密集的走滑动力体制转换,导致含矿热液沿构造薄弱带（如区内F2断裂）上升迁移并在构造动力体制转换强烈的区域发生大规模金沉淀。西秦岭地区和松潘—甘孜地区的微细浸染型金矿极有可能形成于燕山早期（J_1-2）由挤压向走滑构造动力体制转过程中。     

磨西-田湾剪切带氡异常及其对金矿化的指示

测氡方法是寻找深部隐伏矿的一种放射性地球物理方法.在川西田湾大发沟矿床,由于金矿化严格受剪切带和辉绿岩脉控制,且剪切带与辉绿岩脉密切伴生,因此,应用测氡方法寻找剪切带和辉绿岩脉可以达到间接找金矿的目的.     

安徽自动站运行效能统计特征分析与诊断

从自动气象站业务运行特点出发,以ASOM监控安徽省81套国家级自动气象站运行为基础,统计评估了2010年自动站业务运行到报率、可用性的效能情况.根据基准站、基本站和一般站逐月运行效能统计特征,分析了未到报、报文格式错误和数据错误3者对可用性的影响,针对报文格式错误的个案特征,重点研究了出现报文格式错误与人机交互发报操作时间的定量关系,得到了定量化的发报阈值时间小于等于45 s.为提高自动气象站运行能力和业务质量,提出了解决报文字节格式错误的可行措施.     

The influence of rainfall and land use patterns on soil erosion in multi-scale watersheds: A case study in the hilly and gully area on the Loess Plateau,China

Soil erosion has become a major global environmental problem and is particularly acute on the Loess Plateau (LP), China. It is therefore highly important to control this process in order to improve ecosystems, protect ecological security, and maintain the harmonious relationship between humans and nature. We compared the effects of rainfall and land use (LU) patterns on soil erosion in different LP watersheds in this study in order to augment and improve soil erosion models. As most research on this theme has so far been focused on individual study areas, limited analyses of rainfall and LU patterns on soil erosion within different- scale watersheds has so far been performed, a discrepancy which might influence the simulation accuracies of soil erosion models. We therefore developed rainfall and LU pattern indices in this study using the soil erosion evaluation index as a reference and applied them to predict the extent of this process in different-scale watersheds, an approach which is likely to play a crucial role in enabling the comprehensive management of this phenomenon as well as the optimized design of LU patterns. The areas considered in this study included the Qingjian, Fenchuan, Yanhe, and Dali river watersheds. Results showed that the rainfall erosivity factor (R) tended to increase in these areas from 2006 to 2012, while the vegetation cover and management factor (C) tended to decrease. Results showed that as watershed area increased, the effect of rainfall pattern on soil erosion gradually decreased while patterns in LU trended in the opposite direction, as the relative proportion of woodland decreased and the different forms of steep slope vegetation cover became more homogenous. As watershed area increased, loose soil and craggy terrain properties led to additional gravitational erosion and enhanced the effects of both soil and topography.     

地电阻率井下观测装置抗干扰能力实验研究

开展地电阻率深井观测系统对地面已知干扰源的抗干扰能力测试,对测试结果进行量化研究,分析地表电磁干扰对地电深井观测的影响程度,期望为将来地电深井方法的研究提供帮助.     

Recent significant tornadoes in China

正1.Introduction Compared with the United States,whose annual number of tornadoes can exceed 1000,the average number of tornadoes per year in China over the past half a century is estimated to be fewer than 100(Fan and Yu,2015),even though both countries are located in a similar latitudinal zone of the Northern Hemisphere.The annual average recorded number of F1(Fujita scale)or EF1(enhanced Fujita scale)intensity or higher tornadoes in China between 1961 and 2010 is about     

国家级气象资料存储检索系统的建立

对国家级气象资料存储检索系统的需求进行了分析,进而对系统进行了功能设计,并在技术调研和分析的基础上确定了功能实现的技术路线：在数据管理方面采用数据库和文件系统相结合的方式;在存储管理方面采用分级存储管理模式,并解决了数据库的分级存储管理技术;在检索应用方面提供了程序调用式检索方式,并通过采用中间件技术实现了基于B/S结构的程序调用式检索;通过选用HPSS技术解决了由异种机型构成的高性能计算机群存储池问题;通过分别建立实时数据库和综合数据库解决了气象资料的规范化存储和实时业务使用需求之间的矛盾;在应用软件开发方面严格按照有关规范进行。     

一类龙虾树优美

本文使用交错的与非交错的标号法,证明了一类龙虾树优美。