PALEOSOLS OF SANDY LANDS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE WESTERN PART OF NORTHEAST PLAIN OF CHINA WESTERN DURING HOLOCENE

ＰＡＬＥＯＳＯＬＳＯＦＳＡＮＤＹＬＡＮＤＳＡＮＤＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＬＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＩＮＴＨＥＷＥＳＴＥＲＮＰＡＲＴＯＦＮＯＲＴＨＥＡＳＴＰＬＡＩＮＯＦＣＨＩＮＡＷＥＳＴＥＲＮＤＵＲＩＮＧＨＯＬＯＣＥＮＥ￥ＱｉｕＳｈａｎｗｅｎ（裘善文）ＬｉＱｕｓ...     

Formation of saline groundwaters in the Baltic region through freezing of seawater during glacial periods

Typical Ca---Cl brines occur in crystalline and metamorphic rocks below freshwater horizons at various localities in Sweden and Finland. Total dissolved solids (TDS) range in concentration between 2 and 120 gl⁻¹ and have long been thought to derive from water-rock interactions. The relationships between Na, Cl and Br in these brines suggest, however, that they were derived from freezing of seawater during glacial periods. The brines were subsequently diluted by meteoric waters and their Ca/Mg ratio was increased through water-rock interactions in the subsurface. The hydrogeological model for both the formation of freeze-derived marine brines and their lateral intrusion involves restricted inland marine basins in recent and subrecent polar climatic belts. Seawater in such basins gradually freezes in response to glaciation. The solutes which concentrate in the remaining water body are residual after precipitation of a sequence of minerals which include carbonates, mirabilite and hydrohalite. Hydraulic pressure of the growing ice sheet over the frozen seas is gradually added to the ambient hydrostatic pressure exerted on the brines. This, together with their increased density, increases the intrusional potential of the brines. As the land ice cannot exert hydraulic pressure on continental groundwater in the aquifers, the balance of pressure favours deep landward intrusion of brines. Post-glacial processes cause the subsurface dilution and replacement of the brines both by seawater and fresh waters. The presence of such brines also far from present-day coastal settings reflects the shifting of coastlines as a result of isostatic movements and eustatic sea-level changes associated with glaciation and deglaciation.     

THE SIMULATED STORAGE CAPACITY OF FLOOD AND WATERLOGGING IN THE TYPICAL AGRICULTURAL REGION IN JIANGHAN PLAIN

１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＪｉａｎｇｈａｎＰｌａｉｎｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｂａｓｅｓｏｆＣｈｉｎａ′ｓａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｌｏｃａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｄｄｌｅＣｈａｎｇｊｉａｎｇＲｉｖｅｒｖａｌｌｅｙｏｆｃｅｎｔｒａｌＣｈｉｎａ．ＴｈｅＪｉａｎｇｈａｎｐｌａｉｎａｐｐｒｏｘｉｍａｔｅｌｙ６．６×１０４ｋｍ２ｉｎａｒｅａａｎｄｏｖｅｒ３０ｍｉｌｌｉｏｎｉｎｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｉｓｔｈｅｒｅｎｏｗｎｅｄ“ｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｏｆｆｉｓｈａｎｄｒｉｃｅ＂ｉｎ…     

Propagation of Alfvén waves in multi-layer solar atmosphere model

In this paper, we idealize the actual solar atmosphere as a multi-isothermal-layer system so as to obtain the energy transmittance of the linear Alfvén wave that propagates through such a system in presence of a uniform oblique magnetic filed. The results indicate that the two-layer model is essentially different to the three-layer one. In the two-layer model, the temperature jump acts as a high pass filter. In the three-layer model, resonant transfer will take place and the transmittance undergoes oscillation as the trigonometric function terms dominate its behavior. For actual solar atmosphere, the result reveals that the lower parts of solar atmosphere are more suitable for those Alfvén waves with period of seconds to transfer their energy.     

K-H Instability of Dust Plasma

Areview about K-H instability related to comet tail is presented.The effect of dust graing on KHI is theoretically analysed and relations of critical shear to excit KHI with the properties of dust grains both for sheared ion flow and for sheared dust flow re put out.Their possible application in comet tail is suggested.     

自动高精度测距系统

介绍了自动高精度测距系统。该系统能以５×１０－７的测距精度测定多个观测点的形变，可作为跨断层动态连续观测的新仪器。     

Influence of soft clays on the response spectra for structures in eastern Canada

The 1990 edition of the National Building Code of Canada (Associate Committee of the National Building Code, National Research Council, Ottawa, 1990) makes a clear distinction between eastern and western Canada in terms of seismic acceleration and velocity zones. While it is well established that ground motions can be amplified significantly through loose clay deposits, no results are available that take into consideration the typical high frequency content of ground motions in eastern Canada. This paper develops ground amplification curves for clays having depths between 10 and 70 m excited by typical eastern Canadian ground motions scaled to two different values of peak horizontal accelerations. Simplified free-field spectral design curves, which could be used by structural designers, are proposed. The curves show that maximum spectral accelerations occur for structural periods between 0.2 and 0.5 s. In addition, soil depth does not appear to be an important parameter controlling the response of typical clay deposits in eastern Canada.     

The Fault Block''s Framework in Boli Basin and its Control Over the Deposition

Boli basin, between Yishu fracture belt and Dunmi fracture belt, is the biggest Mesozoic coal basin in the east of Heilongjiang Province. Now it is a fault - fold remnant basin. The basin' s shape is generally consistent with the whole distribution of the cover folds, an arc protruding southwards. The basement of the basin can be divided into three fault blocks or structural units. The formation and evoluation of the basin in Mesozoic was determined by the basement fault blocks' displacement features rusulted from by the movement of the edge faults and the main basement faults.     

抗差估计的初值选择

对L1 范估计的平差值和LS估计的平差值作为抗差估计的初值进行了比较 ,指出在 ρ函数是严凸函数时 ,二者无明显的区别。因为LS估计简单且易于计算 ,因此建议用LS估计的平差值作为抗差估计的初值。     

测定度盘分划改正的新方法──组合固定角距法

本文分析了国外用于测定度盘分划改正的几种方法，并分析了固定角距法的优点和不足之处；详细叙述了组合固定角距法测定对径改正的原理和计算公式；并且讨论了两对显微镜之间夹角变化以及显微镜比例尺变化对对径改正的影响，给出了相应的修正方法。用固定角距法所测的对径改正精度可达±０″．００９。