Hydrothermal Alteration Related to Silver Mineralization at the Iwami Silver Deposit,Shimane Prefecture,Japan

The Iwami epithermal silver deposit consists of Ag-Cu veins in a dacitic intrusive body at the deep portion of the Eikyu area, and veinlets with disseminated Ag mineralization in dacitic tuff breccia at a shallow portion of the Fukuishi area. Hydrothermal alteration associated with the silver mineralization is characterized by intense potassium metasomatism with oxidizing conditions. An illite zone occurs around the pathways of uprising fluids in both the Eikyu and Fukuishi areas. It grades laterally into the illite/smectite zone, which is surrounded by a broad smectite zone. Because of boiling, abundant adularia associated with silver mineralization overlaps on the altered tuff breccia in the Fukuishi area. The alteration zoning suggests that the western Eikyu area and the eastern Fukuishi area belong to a single hydrothermal system. The data of fluid inclusion microthermometry indicate that the temperatures range 220–270°C, and salinities range 5–7 wt percent NaCl equivalent for the silver mineralization at the upper portion in the Eikyu area and the lower portion in the Fukuishi area. Radiometric ages for volcanic rocks in the area range from 2.19 to 1.64 Ma, and the dacitic intrusion formed at approximately 1.6 Ma. The silver-dominant mineralizing hydrothermal fluids system was active around 1.44 to 1.07 Ma, which formed the Eikyu Ag-Cu veins at depth, and the Fukuishi Ag ores at the shallower portion.     

Re-Os geochronology of Cu and W-Mo deposits in the Balkhash metallogenic belt,Kazakhstan and its geological significance

<正>The Central Asian metallogenic domain(CAMD) is a multi-core metallogenic system controlled by boundary strike-slip fault systems.The Balkhash metallogenic belt in Kazakhstan,in which occur many large and super-large porphyritic Cu—Mo deposits and some quartz vein- and greisen-type W—Mo deposits,is a well-known porphyritic Cu—Mo metallogenic belt in the CAMD.In this paper 11 molybdenite samples from the western segment of the Balkhash metallogenic belt are selected for Re—Os compositional analyses and Re—Os isotopic dating.Molybdenites from the Borly porphyry Cu deposit and the three quartz vein-greisen W—Mo deposits—East Kounrad.Akshatau and Zhanet—all have relatively high Re contents(2712—2772μg/g for Borly and 2.267—31.50μg/g for the other three W—Mo deposits),and lower common Os contents(0.670—2.696 ng/g for Borly and 0.0051—0.056 ng/g for the other three).The molybdenites from the Borly porphyry Cu—Mo deposit and the East Kounrad,Zhanet,and Akshatau quartz vein- and greisen-type W—Mo deposits give average model Re—Os ages of 315.9 Ma,298.0 Ma,295.0 Ma,and 289.3 Ma respectively.Meanwhile,molybdenites from the East Kounrad,Zhanet,and Akshatau W—Mo deposits give a Re—Os isochron age of 297.9 Ma,with an MSWD value of 0.97.Re-Os dating of the molybdenites indicates that Cu—W—Mo metallogenesis in the western Balkhash metallogenic belt occurred during Late Carboniferous to Early Permian(315.9—289.3 Ma),while the porphyry Cu—Mo deposits formed at—316 Ma,and the quartz vein-greisen W—Mo deposits formed at ~298 Ma.The Re—Os model and isochron ages thus suggest that Late Carboniferous porphyry granitoid and pegmatite magmatism took place during the late Hercynian movement.Compared to the Junggar-East Tianshan porphyry Cu metallogenic belt in northwestern China,the formation of the Cu—Mo metallogenesis in the Balkhash metallogenic belt occurred between that of the Tuwu-Yandong in East Tianshan and the Baogutu porphyry Cu deposits in West Junggar. Collectively,the large-scale Late Carboniferous porphyry Cu—Mo metallogenesis in the Central Asian metallogenic domain is related to Hercynian tectono-magmatic activities.     

Biosorption of cadmium(II) from aqueous solution onto <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hydrilla verticillata</Emphasis>

Biosorption is an effective method to remove heavy metals from wastewater. In this work, the biosorption of Cd(II) onto Hydrilla verticillata was examined in aqueous solution with parameters of initial pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Cd(II) concentration, temperature, and co-existing ion. Linear Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms, and both of the two models were fitted well. The monolayer adsorption capacity of Cd(II) was found to be 50 mg/g at pH 6 and 20°C. Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm model was also applied to the equilibrium data. The mean free energy of adsorption (11.18 kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption of Cd(II) onto H. verticillata might be carried out via chemical ion-exchange mechanism. Thermodynamic parameters, including free energy (∆G ⁰), enthalpy (∆H ⁰), and entropy (∆S ⁰) of adsorption, were also calculated. These results showed that the biosorption of Cd(II) onto H. verticillata was a feasible, spontaneous, and exothermic process in nature. Desorption experiments indicated that 0.01 mol/L EDTA and HNO₃ were efficient desorbents for the recovery of Cd(II) from biomass. IR spectrum analysis suggested that amido, hydroxyl, C=O and C–O could combine strongly with Cd(II). EDX spectrum analysis suggested that an ion exchange mechanism might be involved.     

Experimental Study of Overtopping on Sea Dikes and Coastal Flooding Under the Coupled Processes of Tides and Waves

Storm surges are cataclysmic natural disasters that occur along the coasts and are usually accompanied by large waves. The effects of coupled storm surges and waves can pose a significant threat to coastal security. Previous laboratory studies on the effects of storm surges and waves on coastal structures have typically utilized steady water levels and constant wave elements. An indoor simulation of the coupled processes of tides and waves is developed by adding a tide generation system to an existing laboratory wave basin to model continuous dynamic tide levels so that tide generation and wave-making occur synchronously in the pool. Specific experimental methods are given, which are applied to further study waves overtopping on artificial sea dikes and coastal flooding evolution under the coupled actions of tides and waves. The results of the overtopping discharge obtained by the test with a dynamic water level are compared with those obtained from steady water level tests and the existing empirical formula. In addition, the impacts of ecological coastal shelterbelts and structures on coastal flood processes and distributions are also investigated. The proposed simulation methods provide a new approach for studying the effects of storm surges and waves on coastal areas. The study also aims to provide a reference for coastal protective engineering.

     

一类信号恢复问题的投影迭代硬阈值算法

本文给出了基于L₀模求解该问题的非凸模型,借助于稀疏正则化方法来克服问题的不适定性。该模型利用紧小波框架对信号进行稀疏逼近,并利用L₀模度量稀疏性。提出了求解该模型的投影迭代硬阈值算法,并证明了算法的全局收敛性。该算法每一步都有闭式解,计算过程简洁高效。数值实验表明,方法在重建信号的视觉质量和量化指标方面均优于所对比的pFISTA方法。     

山东省重点地区矿产勘查开采遥感动态监测探析

为打击各类违法采矿行为,自2007年起山东省在全省基岩裸露区开展了多轮次矿产勘查开采遥感动态监测,及时发现了各类违法勘查开采矿产资源行为,为监测区矿产资源监管提供了执法依据。结合山东省矿产勘查开采遥感动态监测工作现状,探讨了矿产勘查开采遥感动态监测相关工作内容及要求。     

老工业区产业结构转型与用地结构转型互动机制及优化路径——以上海市宝山区为例

尝试理清老工业区产业结构转型与用地结构转型内涵,提出其转型效率的函数表达,分析二者间的互动关系;并运用改进的动态变化度及偏离系数,对上海市宝山区进行实证研究。结果表明:(1)宝山区产业结构与用地结构变化度逐渐增加,工业和第三产业动态度分别由1996年的2.48%和5.36%上升至2012年的4.75%和5.51%,用地结构动态度由11.16%上升至13.53%;(2)宝山区三次产业结构总体趋于优化,但产业内部并未优化,仍以重化工业和传统服务业为主导;(3)宝山区用地结构与产业结构不协调并处于加剧的状态。老工业区产业结构与用地结构存在较强的互动关系,改进的动态变化度及偏离系数方法为老工业区产业结构转型与用地结构转型问题提供了一种研究思路。提出宝山区产业结构转型与用地结构转型的优化路径。     

南半球环状模与南极冰芯中气候信息关联研究综述

冰芯作为气候环境信息的良好载体,在研究过去大气环流异常中具有其他气候代用指标难以比拟的优势。本文重点综述了南极冰芯气候记录与南半球环状模(SAM-Southern Annular Mode)的关联特征:SAM与冰芯记录为同期变化,冰芯中NO-3、海盐组分(以Na+为代表)和水同位素比值δ18O同SAM指数具有较好的关联性;冰芯中SO2-4和MSA同SAM存在一定的关联,但相关性不显著;西南极冰芯记录的积累率同SAM具有较强的关联。需要说明的是,冰芯中各参数与SAM的相关性存在较大的空间差异。     

龙门山北段矿山梁地表构造特征

矿山梁构造位于广元的西南,是龙门山前陆褶皱冲断带北段的典型冲断前锋构造之一,也是当前川西地区油气勘探的重点构造之一。地质结构复杂,地表构造褶皱强烈、断层发育,地层倾角大。深化矿山梁地面构造特征研究,对进一步在龙门山北段地区山前带中寻找新的有利勘探区带具有重要的理论意义。     

Spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxide components in depression between karst hills,Southwest China

In karst regions,the spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxides and environmental variables is still not clear.We investigated the spatial heterogeneity of SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO,P2O5,K2O,and MnO contents in the soils of slope land,plantation forest,secondary forest,and primary forest,as well as their relationships with environmental variables in a karst region of Southwest China.Geostatistics,principal component analysis(PCA),and canonical correlation analysis(CCA)were applied to analyze the field data.The results show that SiO2was the predominant mineral in the soils(45.02%–67.33%),followed by Al2O3and Fe2O3.Most soil mineral oxide components had a strong spatial dependence,except for CaO,MgO,and P2O5in the plantation forest,MgO and P2O5in the secondary forest,and CaO in the slope land.Dimensionality reduction in PCA was not appropriate due to the strong spatial heterogeneity in the ecosystems.Soil mineral oxide components,the main factors in all ecosystems,had greater influences on vegetation than those of conventional soil properties.There were close relationships between soil mineral oxide components and vegetation,topography,and conventional soil properties.Mineral oxide components affected species diversity,organic matter and nitrogen levels.