GSM无线通信技术在预警GIS领域中的应用模式

GSM(Global System for Mobile Communication)是目前通信体制中最完善、最成熟,应用最广的一种数字移动通信网。基于GSM的短消息无线通讯技术以其传输信息及时、作用距离远、误码率低、成本低等优点,被广泛应用在水利、电力、环保、交通、防恐、天然气及自然灾害等领域。本文在个案建立的基础上,探讨了基于GSM的短消息技术在预警GIS领域中的应用模式,并对应用中所使用的若干通用的关键技术和规范进行了分析,提炼出了这种应用模式的共性问题,最后对这种应用模式的发展方向作了客观预测和展望。     

四川大岩子铂-钯矿床的原生地球化学异常特征及盲矿预测

迄今为止文献中未见有铂矿原生晕研究的报道,通过对大岩子矿区地表和不同中段坑道原生晕的研究,发现在铂-钯矿体周围有清晰的F、Sb、Cd、Hg、As、Ag、Au、Pd、Pt、Cu、Ni元素的原生晕,其中F、Sb、Cd、Hg、As为前缘指示元素,Au、Ag为近矿指示元素,Pt、Pd、Cu、Ni为成矿指示元素.元素的垂直分带序列为(地表至矿体):(F、Sb、Cd、Hg、As)-(Ag、Au)-(Pd、Pt)-(Cu、Ni).地表岩石地球化学测量发现的Ⅲ号Pd、Pt异常带,具有多元素异常组合特征,判断为矿致异常,推测在该异常带下方可望找到隐伏矿体.坑道原生晕研究发现,在PD4中段出现浓集中心醒目、浓度分带清晰的F原生晕,推测在PD4中段下方可能存在新的盲矿体.     

淤泥质海岸人造沙滩工程评估:以启东碧海银沙沙滩为例

启东碧海银沙沙滩位于长江入海口北支口北侧启东嘴附近,是典型的粉砂淤泥质海岸,受长江江流、海水风暴潮和潮流等影响,海岸地质背景较为复杂,以海陆交互作用的潮间带和水下三角洲地貌为主,本身地质条件并不适合作为沙滩旅游项目的开发.自2011年起,恒大集团在这里使用泥岸人造沙滩技术,通过围堤筑坝、滤沙净水,成功建成了围海7.23...     

哈维氏弧菌FlaA基因的克隆、序列分析及真核表达质粒的构建

哈维氏弧菌是水产病害中常见的致病菌.参照基因库上登录的弧菌鞭毛丝蛋白FlaA基因序列设计简并引物,PCR扩增哈维氏弧菌TS-628株的FlaA全基因,并克隆到pMD 18-T载体中测序,经序列分析该基因全长1 140 bp,编码379个氨基酸.与基因库中其他弧菌的同源基因序列比较显示,哈氏弧菌FlaA基因与霍乱弧菌FlaA基因的同源性最高(79.5%),该基因编码的多肽缺乏半胱氨酸,并在N-,C-两端的氨基酸序列较为保守,中间区域的变异较大.对该蛋白的氨基酸组成及空间结构进行了分析和预测,并推测该蛋白质的平均分子量为40.6 kDa.在该基因末端加上一段编码Flag短肽的核苷酸序列后克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+),获得带哈氏弧菌鞭毛丝蛋白FlaA基因的真核表达重组质粒pcDNA-FlaA-tag,为其DNA疫苗的进一步研究奠定了基础.     

厦门同安湾红树林及临近光滩沉积物孔隙水中溶解活性磷和亚铁分布特征的对比分析

为了解红树林与光滩磷、铁地球化学行为的差异,借助薄膜扩散梯度技术(ZrO-Chelex DGT),对厦门同安湾红树林及临近光滩孔隙水中溶解活性磷(DRP)、Fe~(2+)浓度进行了原位测量,并采集了相应沉积物柱状样进行测定分析。结果表明:(1)Fe~(2+)与DRP呈现较好的线性正相关,说明磷的吸附/解吸与铁氧化还原循环有关;(2)在不同深度,光滩孔隙水中DRP浓度均高于对应深度红树林。在浅层,由于溪水的补给造成光滩的磷富集;在深层,红树植物根部吸收导致磷浓度下降,光滩有机质含量较多,矿化释放DRP使其浓度较高;(3)孔隙水中的Fe~(2+)浓度分布表明,红树林区域随着深度的增加,逐渐由好氧环境进入厌氧环境;而光滩沉积物氧化还原环境可能受到红树林的影响,孔隙水Fe~(2+)在垂向上波动分布。     

Effects of salinity on embryonic and larval development of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis(Decapoda: Brachyura) and salinity-induced physiological changes

To investigate the effects of salinity on early development of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis),and the salinity tolerance mechanism of embryos,different developmental stages of embryos(gastrula,eyespot and pre-hatching stage),and hatched stage I zoea and megalopa,were exposed to a range of salinities(1,5,10,15(control),20,25,30,35 and 40).Hatching,survival and molting were monitored.Effects of 24-hour hypersaline(35)and hyposaline(1)stress on egg diameter,water content,Na~+/K~+-ATPase(NKA)activity,and crustacean hyperglycemic hormone(CHH)gene mRNA expression in embryos and megalopa,are reported.Embryos are more tolerant of low(≤5)than high(≥25)salinities,with optimum ranges for gastrula and pre-hatching stage embryos being 5-20,and for eyespot embryo and stage I zoea,10-20.Most megalopa can molt to the first juvenile instar by day 5 at salinities between 1 and 40,whereas molting of megalopa stages was delayed at 40.Hypersaline conditions resulted in a loss of moisture,reduction of egg volume,and a significant increase in NKA activity and CHH mRNA expression at some developmental stages.Hyposaline conditions did not affect moisture content or egg volume,but resulted in decreased NKA activity and CHH mRNA expression in embryos.For megalopa stages,NKA activity was significantly upregulated following both hypo-and hypersaline stress.Our results suggest high salinity will inhibit development and hatching of E.sinensis embryos,and low salinity will affect the survival of their stage I zoea.Increased NKA activity in embryos and megalopa stages might indicate a hyporegulation response under hypersaline conditions.These findings provide useful information for spawning ground protection of indigenous E.sinensis and enrich the knowledge of embryonic tolerance mechanisms of hyperregulating crustaceans following osmotic stress.     

Trends of sea surface wind energy over the South China Sea

Studies on climate change typically consider temperature and precipitation over extended periods but less so the wind.We used the Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform(CCMP)24-year wind field data set to investigate the trends of wind energy over the South China Sea during 1988-2011.The results reveal a clear trend of increase in wind power density for each of three base statistics(i.e.,mean,90 th percentile and 99 th percentile)in all seasons and for annual means.The trends of wind power density showed obvious temporal and spatial variations.The magnitude of the trends was greatest in winter,intermediate in spring,and smallest in summer and autumn.A greater trend of increase was found in the northern areas of the South China Sea than in southern parts.The magnitude of the annual and seasonal trends over the South China Sea was larger in extreme high events(i.e.,90~(th) and 99~(th) percentiles)compared to the mean conditions.Sea surface temperature showed a negative correlation with the variability of wind power density over the majority of the South China Sea in all seasons and annual means,except for winter(41.7%).     

四元体系KCl-K2SO4-KBO2-H2O在298.15 K的Pitzer模型研究

在Pitzer电解质溶液理论的基础上采用两种模型计算了KCl-K₂SO₄-KBO₂-H₂O体系及其子体系的溶解度。模型I假设溶液中只有一种硼物种B(OH)₄^-,模型II假设溶液中有4种硼物种,分别对应于B(OH)₃、B(OH)₄^-、B₃O₃(OH)₄^-和B₄O₅(OH)₄^2-。模型I与模型II的溶解度计算结果接近,且与实验值吻合较好。采用模型II计算了上述体系溶液中的硼物种和OH^-的浓度。各硼物种的浓度主要受溶液中总硼浓度的影响,而很少受KCl和K₂SO₄的影响。计算结果说明在计算偏硼酸钾溶液体系溶解度时,可近似认为溶液中硼物种只有B(OH)_4...     

虾蟹壳提取物氨基葡萄糖美拉德反应及其产物的抗氧化性能研究

首次使用虾蟹壳提取物氨基葡萄糖单一物质制备美拉德反应产物(MRPs)。结果表明,MRPs清除DPPH·能力随反应物浓度、温度和时间的增加而增强;还原能力、清除·OH能力随反应物浓度增加而增强,还原能力随温度、时间增加先增后降,清除·OH能力随温度升高先增后降,随反应时间下降。115℃、0.5mg/ml、90min条件下制备的MRPs清除DPPH·的能力最强为88.73%;65℃、0.6mg/ml、40min的MRPs还原能力最强为A700nm=1.684;65℃、0.6mg/ml、10min的MRPs清除·OH的能力最强为98.72%。MRPs具有很强的抗氧化活性,比Vc和TBHQ抗氧化效果更好,但其抗氧化能力并不完全依赖于产物的褐变程度。氨基葡萄糖MRPs是优良的新型保鲜剂材料。     

Extraction and Dynamic Spatial-Temporal Changes of Grassland Deterioration Research Hot Regions in China

The authors use a web crawler to retrieve all periodical articles from CNKI between the 1950s and 2016 and then parse the abstracts of 293368 articles about grassland deterioration by word segmentation, location matching and other methods. The authors also construct a research hot regions extraction model of grassland deterioration in China based on a comprehensive research hot regions index of toponyms and then analyze the spatial pattern and dynamic change in research hot regions of grassland deterioration in China. The research shows the following: (1) The spatial heterogeneity of grassland deterioration in China can be effectively described by a model of grassland deterioration based on the comprehensive research hot regions index. (2) The research hot regions of grassland deterioration are mainly distributed in most regions of Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet, Gansu and other provinces. The northeastern region of Inner Mongolia (such as Hulunbeier) and the eastern region of Inner Mongolia (such as Xilin Gol, Chifeng and Wulanchabu) are significant hot regions in the study of grassland deterioration. (3) The number of high research hot regions increases from 81 in the 1950s to 99 in the 2000s; the area increases from 1.038 million km² to 1.146 million km². The degree of hot for grassland deterioration research in 197 counties showed an upward trend. This paper also discusses the relationship between the region of research hot regions and the region of grassland deterioration and then indicates the differences between them in time matching, space matching and concept matching.