Characteristics and analysis of the geomagnetic variations in regions around the Qiongzhou Strait

Ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ　ａｎｄ　ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｇｅｏｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃ　ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｓ　ｉｎ　ｒｅｇｉｏｎｓ　ａｒｏｕｎｄ　ｔｈｅ　Ｑｉｏｎｇｚｈｏｕ　Ｓｔｒａｉｔ（范国华）（姚同起）（顾左文）（朱克佳）（陈伯舫）（冯戬...     

塔里木盆地东缘的若干大地构造问题

塔里木盆地向东在什么地方结束,大盆地是如何与天山地槽分界的,文中对这些问题给出了回答。指出塔里木盆地在E91°附近结束,不再向东延伸。另外新发现了两条重要的岩石圈断裂,它们是塔里木中央纬向（北40）深断裂和罗布庄-尾亚深断裂。根据新获得的区域航磁和地质资料,对这个神秘的地区,提出了一个新的大地构造分区方案。     

On the expanding earth hypothesis

Summary The hypothesis of an expanding Earth is discussed on the basis of lunar laser ranging It is provcd that the given data do not indicate a secular increase in the principal moment of the Earth's inertia which would have to occur if the Earth were really expanding.

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Convection of geothermal fluids in the timanfaya volcanic area (Lanzarote,Canary Islands)

Summary A mathematical model has been derived to study the superficial thermal anomalies to be found in Lanzarote (605°C at 13 m depth) in association with the convection of geothermal fluids. The model is valid for a wide range of conditions, in particular for those found beneath the Timanfaya volcano (active between 1730 and 1736). Geological and geophysical data suggest that the heat source is related to a cylindrical magma body with a radius of 200±100 m and a top temperature of 850±100°C at a depth of 4±1 km.Energy is transported through fractures by magmatic volatiles and/or by water vapour coming from a deeply located water table: in such a convection system, a fluid flow of 10 l/m² day, which corresponds to a thermal flux of 130 W/m², is sufficient to explain the temperature anomalies observed at the surface. The relationships between gas flow and the surface temperatures, as well as the thermal gradients in the conducting fracture are also discussed.     

东昆仑南缘西大滩混杂堆积

<正> 西大滩混杂堆积,出露于东昆仑中段南缘,青藏公路的西大滩南侧之煤矿沟(图1)。秦德余、李光岑1976年首次认为是混杂岩,但未做描述。青海区调一队四分队在填图时也注意了这一现象。笔者根据他们提供的线索,对该混杂堆积进行了观察和描述。 根据野外收集的实际资料,笔者认为西大滩混杂堆积是滑塌混杂堆积,它向东、西延伸而为混杂堆积带,依混杂岩块的岩性种类及空间分布关系,由南到北可划分三个混杂堆积层,三层在成因上互有联系。     

时距平面剩余时差选择加权叠加压制多次波方法及效果

一个CDP道集经动校正后,多次波仍存在剩余时差δt,它随炮检距呈抛物线变化。由δt的变化即可求出多次波剩余波数△K的分布规律。据此,可设计一个理想的叠加剩余波数响应,用于动校正后的CDP道集的加权叠加。在t～x平面选择δt,即可改变叠加剩余波数响应,从而改变各道的加权系数,实现最佳压制多次波的效果。     

Pyroclastic rocks: another manifestation of ultramafic volcanism on Gorgona Island,Colombia

Tertiary ultramafic volcanism on Gorgona Island, Colombia, is manifested not only by komatiite flows, but also by a more voluminous sequence of tuff breccias, which is cut by comagmatic picrite dikes. The ultramafic pyroclastic rocks are chaotic to stratified mixtures of angular to subrounded glassy picritic blocks and a fine grained volcaniclastic matrix that consists primarily of plastically-deformed, glassy globules. The entire deposit is interpreted to have formed by an explosive submarine eruption of phenocryst-laden picritic magma. MgO contents of tuff breccias and picrite dikes range from 21 to 27 wt%. Relative to nearby komatiite flows, these rocks are MgO-rich, and FeO-, TiO₂- and Ni-poor. HREE concentrations are very low (N<0.2), indicating derivation from a more highly depleted mantle source region. Nd isotopic data suggest a cogenetic relationship between the picritic magma that formed the tuff breccia and associated dikes and that which produced the komatiite flows. Nevertheless Pb isotopic data as well as whole rock geochemistry preclude such a connection, either due to olivine fractionation/accumulation or to different degrees of partial melting. These ultramafic rock types crystallized from magmas which most likely were extracted from distinct mantle source regions.     

Regionally metamorphosed greisens of the Moldanubicum

The orthogneiss bodies of the Moldanubicum in the western part of the Bohemian-Moravian Heights (eskomoravská vrchovina) are apoleucogranites, presumably of Precambrian age and probably of anatectic origin. Most orthogneiss bodies have been shown to contain greisens transformed by regional metamorphism. The greisens have maintained their identity during regional metamorphism below higher almandine-amphibolite facies grade, i.e. over the stability field of muscovite. Massive quartz (metamorphosed vein quartz) is frequent, and mineralization is associated with it in a few localities. Greisens in orthogneisses may serve as evidence of magmatic origin.     

The origin of the high-K latites from Camp Creek,Arizona: constraints from experiments with variable fO2 and a_{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}}

Near-liquidus melting experiments were performed on a high-K latite at fO₂'s ranging from iron-wustite-graphite (IWG) to nickel-nickel oxide (NNO) in the presence of a C-O-H fluid phase. Clinopyroxene is a liquidus phase under all conditions. At IWG , the liquidus at 10 kb is about 1,150° C but is depressed to 1,025° C at NNO and . Phlogopite and apatite are near-liquidus phases, with apatite crystallizing first at pressures below 10 kb. Phlogopite is a liquidus phase only at NNO and high . Under all conditions the high-K latites show a large crystallization interval with phlogopite becoming the dominant crystalline phase with decreasing temperature. Increasing fO₂ affects phlogopite crystallization but the liquidus temperature is essentially a function of . The chemical compositions of the near-liquidus phases support formation of the high-K latites under oxidizing conditions (NNO or higher) and high . It is concluded from the temperature of the H₂O-saturated liquidus at 10 kb, the groundmass: crystal ratio and presence of chilled latite margins around some xenoliths that the Camp Creek high-K latite magma passed thru the lower crust at temperatures of 1,000° C or more.