乐山地区酸性降水特征、规律及防治对策

酸雨已成为世界性问题之一．它给人们造成了巨大的危害和损失。研究乐山酸雨污染形成机理、特征、变化规律以及防治对策,对于乐山这个优秀旅游城市来说．具有非常重要的意义。     

沁水盆地安泽地区煤层气富集主控地质因素

通过对沁水盆地安泽区块煤层气地质条件和储层条件的深入分析,探讨了该区煤层气的富集规律及主要影响因素。研究发现,煤的岩石学特征、构造、顶底板岩性是影响煤层气富集的主要因素。总体上,安泽区块煤储层含气量受煤阶影响,表现为：煤的变质程度越高,吸附能力整体增强,含气量增大。局部区域,煤层气含量受煤层埋深、断层、褶皱及煤层顶底板岩性等综合因素的影响。在构造平缓带,煤层气含量随埋深增大而增大;在构造活动带,正断层上升盘含气量明显低于下降盘含气量,断层对煤层气的逸散作用明显。此外,泥岩顶底板封盖较砂岩顶底板封盖能力强。     

Genesis of S-type Granites in the Pengshan Sn-polymetallic Ore Field, Northern Jiangxi Province and its Implications

The Pengshan Sn-polymetallic ore field is located in the southeastern part of the Yangtze block, spanning the southeast edge of the MLYDZ and the northern edge of the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift, and on one side of the MLYDZ. The studies of LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb chronology and petrogeochemistry for Early Cretaceous acid granites from the Pengshan ore field were carried out in this paper. We report zircon U–Pb geochronology and whole-rock geochemistry for acid granites in the Pengshan ore ...     

三维交叉裂隙渗流传质特性数值模拟

对交叉裂隙渗流传质特性的定量描述是研究整个裂隙网络渗透传质特性的基础。为真实模拟水流及溶质在三维交叉裂隙中的运移过程,首先通过三维轮廓仪获取天然岩石裂隙表面的形貌数据,再应用三维重构技术生成相应的三维交叉裂隙模型,随后求解Navier-Stokes方程,假定溶质运移满足Fick定律,模拟水流和溶质在三维交叉裂隙中的运移过程。通过对比粗糙裂隙模型与平行平板模型的模拟结果发现：粗糙度对流体的分布及流动状态存在显著的影响;不同进、出口工况下的流体流动及溶质运移状态亦表明：裂隙交叉的几何形貌会显著地影响溶质混合行为。这些结果表明,目前被广泛采用的平行平板模型在评估岩体内特别是交叉口的物质运移特性时将导致较大的偏差,在将来的研究中有必要针对裂隙交叉口的几何特征建立修正的模型以提高评估的准确性。     

内蒙古武川县常福龙沟金矿成矿地质条件及控矿因素

常福龙沟金矿区赋存于大青山三套含金建造中的渣尔泰山群中.受控于大青山深大断裂及相关的次级北东、北西和近东西断裂.大青山断裂早期以韧性剪切带为特征,晚期演化为脆性断裂和推覆构造.大青山断裂及其次级断裂的交汇处为成矿提供了运输通道和容矿空间,矿体就产于该部位.岩浆活动为成矿提供了热能和部分成矿物质.笔者在本文中论述了该矿的成矿地质条件和控矿因素,并提出了矿区外围找矿标志和找矿方向.     

会泽型(HZT)富锗银铅锌矿床成矿构造动力学研究及年代学约束

川-滇-黔多金属成矿域是会泽型(HZT)富锗银铅锌矿床的主要分布区。近十年来,该类矿床成矿时代及其成矿构造动力学一直是该区研究的主要热点之一。针对铅锌矿床准确定年的难题,首次综合应用地质推断-构造变形筛分-构造古应力系统测量-同位素定年技术,提出冲断褶皱构造形成时代与矿床成矿时代一致,其主体时代为印支晚期(2.0~2.3亿年)。研究认为,该期发生的铅锌多金属成矿作用是川-滇-黔接壤区重要的地质事件,其成矿构造动力学为印支晚期特提斯洋闭合与造山作用在扬子地块西南缘前陆盆地诱发强烈的斜冲走滑,形成一系列冲断褶皱构造带,并发生流体大规模运移,在有利的构造部位形成一批大型-超大型矿床。该认识对深化川-滇-黔多金属成矿域铅锌矿床成矿模型、优选找矿标志、圈定重点找矿靶区和实现找矿突破具有现实意义。     

藏南洛扎地区基性岩墙群锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及构造意义

藏南洛扎地区广泛分布有近东西向产出的基性岩墙群,主要侵位于晚侏罗世—早白垩世及其以前的地层中,锆石U-Pb同位素定年获得成岩年龄138.0Ma±3.5Ma。基性岩墙可以划分为2种主要类型:一类低K(K2O=0.06%～0.54%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度低[∑REE=58.95×10-6～115.5×10-6,(La/Yb)N=0.23～2.94],亏损LILE;另一类富K(K2O=1.22%～1.67%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度较高[∑REE=199.97×10-6～381.47×10-6,(La/Yb)N=6.57～11.5],富集LILE而亏损HFSE。地球化学研究结果表明,基性岩墙为具大陆拉斑玄武岩特征的大陆板内岩浆侵入体,可能分别源于亏损的软流圈地幔和富集的岩石圈地幔。基性岩墙群是新特提斯洋晚期大规模扩张的产物,标志着喜马拉雅被动大陆边缘在晚侏罗世—早白垩世处于强烈的拉张、裂离和岩石圈伸展减薄、软流圈上涌的构造环境与动力学背景。     

Differential Thermal Regimes of the Tarim and Sichuan Basins in China: Implications for Hydrocarbon Generation and Conservation

The uncertainty surrounding the thermal regimes of the ultra-deep strata in the Tarim and Sichuan basins, China, is unfavorable for further hydrocarbon exploration. This study summarizes and contrasts the present-day and paleo heat flow, geothermal gradient and deep formation temperatures of the Tarim and Sichuan basins. The average heat flow of the Tarim and Sichuan basins are 42.5 ± 7.6 mW/m2 and 53.8 ± 7.6 mW/m2, respectively, reflecting the characteristics of ‘cold’ and ‘warm’ basins. The geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000 m and 0–7,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 21.6 ± 2.9 °C/km, 20.5 ± 2.8 °C/km and 19.6 ± 2.8 °C/km, respectively, while the geothermal gradient with unified depths of 0–5,000 m, 0–6,000m and 0–7,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 21.9 ± 2.3 °C/km, 22.1 ± 2.5 °C/km and 23.3 ± 2.4 °C/km, respectively. The differential change of the geothermal gradient between the Tarim and Sichuan basins with depth probably results from the rock thermal conductivity and heat production rate. The formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m, 9,000 m and 10,000 m in the Tarim Basin are 80°C–190°C, 90°C–220°C, 100°C–230°C, 110°C–240°C and 120°C–250°C, respectively, while the formation temperatures at depths of 6,000 m, 7,000 m, 8,000 m and 9,000 m in the Sichuan Basin are 120°C–200°C, 140°C–210°C, 160°C–260°C and 180°C–280°C, respectively. The horizontal distribution pattern of the ultra-deep formation temperatures in the Tarim and Sichuan basins is mainly affected by the basement relief, fault activity and hydrothermal upwelling. The thermal modeling revealed that the paleo-heat flow in the interior of the Tarim Basin decreased since the early Cambrian with an early Permian abrupt peak, while that in the Sichuan Basin experienced three stages of steady state from Cambrian to early Permian, rapidly rising at the end of the early Permian and declining since the late Permian. The thermal regime of the Sichuan Basin was always higher than that of the Tarim Basin, which results in differential oil and gas generation and conservation in the ultra-deep ancient strata. This study not only promotes theoretical development in the exploration of ultra-deep geothermal fields, but also plays an important role in determining the maturation phase of the ultra-deep source rocks and the occurrence state of hydrocarbons in the Tarim and Sichuan basins.     

基于水合物指示因子的地震识别方法

速度是水合物勘查的重要参数,但是速度的影响因素众多,给高精度识别水合物带来一定困难.水合物储层岩石物理是研究多种因素对速度影响的有效手段之一.考虑到水合物储层未固结等特征,本文采用SCA-DEM模型,重点对比了孔隙度、饱和度等对纵横波速度以及AVO特征的影响,并构建了一种新的水合物指示因子,消除了由于孔隙变化带来的假异...     

东天山卡瓦布拉克地区片麻状花岗岩形成时代及地质意义

东天山卡瓦布拉克地区发育大量片麻状花岗岩,据野外特征分为含斑片麻状花岗岩和不含斑片麻状花岗岩,片麻理属后期韧性剪切叠加改造结果.本文获得含斑片麻状花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(942.1±7.2)Ma和(941.9±4.9)Ma;不含斑晶的片麻状花岗岩年龄为(424.2±3.4)Ma,这些年龄数据表明片麻状花岗岩分别形成于新元古代和中志留世.野外调查表明,片麻状花岗岩侵入于长城系星星峡群和卡瓦布拉克群中,被块状石炭纪花岗岩侵入.研究区西侧上覆泥盆纪地层未发生明显韧性变形.据此限定区内韧性剪切变形发生于晚志留世(约424 Ma)之后至泥盆纪之前.