油藏数值模拟中地质模型的建模流程与方法

围绕油藏数值模拟过程中三维地质模型的建模技术进行了分析与探讨,详细介绍了基于角点网格模型的建模方法,给出了相应的实现步骤。其主要流程是:首先根据断层数据构造断层模型,在断层模型的基础上构建骨架模型;然后在骨架模型约束下采用地层恢复技术实现含断层的地层模型;最后基于结构模型插值物性参数完成属性模型。以塔河油田缝洞型油藏为例,对建模流程和技术的可行性进行验证,结果表明,其建模结果与专业地质建模软件Petrel相符。     

论金川硫化铜镍矿床中贵金属元素的分带机制

在金川硫化铜镍矿床最大的寓矿体内,贵金属元素存在明显分带:Pt、Pd、Au、Ag含量在边部较低,向中心部位逐渐增高;Os、Ir、Ru、Rh含量在中心部位较低,向边部逐渐增高。通过对实际资料的分析,认为这种分带特征是硫化物液相结晶分异作用造成的。     

Ore-Forming Fluid Characteristics of the Dayingezhuang Gold Deposit, Jiaodong Gold Province, China

The Dayingezhuang gold deposit is located in the central part of the Zhaoping Fault Zone, which is one of the most important gold-hosting faults in the Jiaodong gold province of China. Dayingezhuang is a typical large-scale shear zone-hosted disseminated gold deposit with superimposed silver mineralization. Fluid inclusion (FI) petrography and microthermometry, and analysis of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes for fluid inclusions were conducted to determine the characteristics of the ore-forming fluids and the processes of silver mineralization. Microthermometry data of FI indicated that ore-forming fluids are characterized by low salinity and low density. Homogenization pressures of FI are estimated at 20 × 10⁵–220 × 10⁵ Pa. The change in ore-forming fluids from K₂SO₄ type to NaCl type indicates the superposition of two hydrothermal mineralizing events. Ore-forming fluids were dominated by magmatic components in the early mineralization period, and affected by meteoric waters in the late period. Gold may have been transported as Au-S or Au-Cl complexes, whereas silver was transported as Ag-Cl complexes. Early fluid boiling and later fluid mixing are thought to be two of the main factors causing the deposition and superimposing of gold and silver to form the large deposit.     

广东三洲矿田构造序列研究及其意义

三洲矿田内主要矿床与燕山期更晚的构造活动腾。燕山期构造活动可分为六个序列：（１）下石炭统与上三叠统不整合面附近和不整合面之上的上三叠统一下侏罗统中的低角度正滑断层及伴生构造,２）泥盆系－石炭及上三叠统一下侏罗统中的纵弯０褶皱北西向逆冲支,４）北东向平移断层,５）第二次北西向逆冲断层,６）伸展性正滑小断层。其中１、４、５三个构造序列是主要控矿构造,第１构造序列控制了长坑金银矿,第４构造序列控制蛘     

内蒙古河套地区土壤环境质量评价

土壤污染已成为抑制农业可持续发展的一个重要因素,土壤环境质量与研究区的地质条件、自然物理化学条件和人类活动有关。以河套地区多目标区域地球化学调查取得的表层土壤元素资料为依据,参照《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618—1995)中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn分级标准,对研究区土壤的单元素环境质量进行分级并评价。以单元素土壤环境质量分级为基础,以单元素中最差的级别作为该单元土壤环境质量综合分级,评价研究区的土壤综合环境质量。通过单元素评价及综合评价认为,研究区内土壤环境质量总体状况优良,大部分地区为绿色、无公害的环境。     

海南石碌地区早三叠世闪长玢岩脉U-Pb年代学及构造意义

石碌铁矿床位于海南岛五指山褶皱带西段.矿区内外发育以闪长玢岩脉为主的中基性脉岩.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年厘定闪长玢岩脉年龄为248±1 Ma(MSWD=0.4),为早三叠世岩浆活动的产物,与同时代的富碱侵入岩体构成“双峰式”侵入岩.闪长玢岩脉为钾玄质系列,低SiO₂(49.18%~55.25%)、高Al₂O₃(14.36%~16.75%)、FeO_t(5.98%~10.07%)和MgO(3.80%~5.43%),富集LILE和LREE,亏损HFSE.Nb/Ta、Zr/Hf和La/Nb比值分别为15.33~17.80、36.00~45.23和2.59~8.62;Pb同位素组成(206Pb/204Pb)_t=18.087~18.483,(207Pb/204Pb)_t=15.473~15.587,(208Pb/204Pb)_t=38.272~38.817.LREE/HFSE和LILE/HFSE比值及Pb同位素组成显示为富集地幔来源,但混染有少量的地壳物质.HFSE判别图解指示闪长玢岩脉形成于大陆边缘弧伸展背景,与晚二叠世印支板块NE向向华南地块俯冲造成的大陆边缘弧局部伸展有关.      

我国煤层气储层研究现状及发展趋势

通过对煤层气储层描述及储层评价，煤储层分布，预测及选区评价，煤储层研究方法及实验技术等方面的系统评述后认为，我国目前已基本掌握了煤储层地质特征研究和地质评价选区技术，煤层气储层工程技术和储层模拟软件系统，并在煤层气储层研究方面有所突破，但我国煤储层的构造复杂，煤层多强烈变形，煤层结构常呈碎粒状及糜棱状等，煤储层多为贫煤和无烟煤，呈“三低一高”（煤层压力较低，煤层渗透率低，在水压裂等强化措施下形成的常规破裂裂缝所占比较低；煤层普遍具有较高的吸附力）的物性特征，且变质程度偏高，高煤级煤（贫煤一无烟煤）占49％，独具“中国特色”，进而讨论了当前我国煤层气储层研究急待解决的8个方面的科技问题和难点，指出了在21世纪初中我国煤层气储层研究的7个发展趋势。     

Re–Os isotope and platinum-group element geochemistry of the Pobei Ni–Cu sulfide-bearing mafic–ultramafic complex in the northeastern part of the Tarim Craton

A number of mafic–ultramafic intrusions that host Ni–Cu sulfide mineralization occur in the northeastern Tarim Craton and the eastern Tianshan Orogenic Belt (NW China). The sulfide-mineralized Pobei mafic–ultramafic complex is located in the northeastern part of the Tarim Craton. The complex is composed of gabbro and olivine gabbro, cut by dunite, wehrlite, and melatroctolite of the Poyi and Poshi intrusions. Disseminated Ni–Cu sulfide mineralization is present towards the base of the ultramafic bodies. The sulfide mineralization is typically low grade (<0.5 wt.% Ni and <2 wt.% S) with low platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations (<24.5 ppb Pt and <69 ppb Pd); the abundance of Cu in 100 % sulfide is 1–8 wt.%, and Ni abundance in 100 % sulfide is typically >4 wt.%. Samples from the Pobei complex have εNd (at 280 Ma) values up to +8.1, consistent with the derivation of the magma from an asthenospheric mantle source. Fo 89.5 mol.% olivine from the ultramafic bodies is consistent with a primitive parental magma. Sulfide-bearing dunite and wehrlite have high Cu/Pd ratios ranging from 24,000 to 218,000, indicating a magma that evolved under conditions of sulfide saturation. The grades of Ni, Cu, and PGE in 100 % sulfide show a strong positive correlation. A model for these variations is proposed where the mantle source of the Pobei magma retained ~0.033 wt.% sulfide during the production of a PGE-depleted parental magma. The parental magma migrated from the mantle to the crust and underwent further S saturation to generate the observed mineralization along with its high Cu/Pd ratio at an R-factor varying from 100 to 1,200. The mineralization at Poshi and Poyi has very high γOs (at 280 Ma) values (+30 to +292) that are negatively correlated with the abundance of Os in 100 % sulfide (5.81–271 ppb) and positively correlated with the Re/Os ratios; this indicates that sulfide saturation was triggered by the assimilation of crustal sulfide with both high γOs and Re/Os ratios. When compared to other Permian mafic–ultramafic intrusions with sulfide mineralization in the East Tianshan, the Poyi and Poshi ultramafic bodies were formed from more primitive magmas, and this helps to explain why the sulfide mineralization has high Ni tenor.     

金属矿床的同位素直接定年方法

矿床的直接定年就是直接对成矿流体或矿石矿物进行同位素定年 ,这样确定的年龄就直接代表了成矿年龄。目前主要有石英和闪锌矿中流体包裹体的Rb Sr同位素定年、黄铁矿和石英中包裹体的Ar Ar同位素定年、金属硫化物的Rb Sr同位素定年、金属硫化物和氧化物的Sm Nd同位素定年、金属硫化物的Re Os同位素定年 ,以及单个矿石矿物的Pb逐步淋滤法定年     

地质实验室绘制标准曲线的数学模拟法

本文讨论了一种新的绘制标准曲线方法——数学模拟法。该方法不仅具有作图法的度和实验意义,而且还有线性回归法的数学意义。