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101.
Singh Jenisha Horikoshi Kazuki Mochida Yusuke Takahashi Akihiro 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2022,40(9):4847-4857
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Steel drainage pipes that can provide both drainage and reinforcement functions are expected to give better performance in levee protection against... 相似文献
102.
Mutsuo Inoue Yusuke Nakano Yoko Kiyomoto Hisaki Kofuji Yasunori Hamajima Masayoshi Yamamoto 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(3):425-428
A total of 21 surface water samples were collected on the east side of the East China Sea (ECS) (3 sites) and at the Tsushima
Strait (1 site), and 226Ra and 228Ra activities were measured using low-background γ-spectrometry. The 228Ra/226Ra ratios among the samples exhibited notable seasonal variation (228Ra/226Ra = 0.2–2.6) accompanying changes of salinity (31.7–34.7). Seasonal water circulation within the ECS is hypothesized to cause
the change by altering the mixing ratio of 228Ra-rich continental shelf water and 228Ra-poor Kuroshio water. 相似文献
103.
M. Lutfi Firdaus Kazuhiro Norisuye Yusuke Nakagawa Seiji Nakatsuka Yoshiki Sohrin 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(2):247-257
Dissolved and labile particulate Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo and W were determined at stations K1 (51°N, 165°E), K2 (47°N, 160°E),
KNOT (44°N, 155°E) and 35N (35°N, 160°E) in the western North Pacific Ocean. A portion of seawater for dissolved species (D)
was passed through a 0.2 μm Nuclepore filter and acidified to pH 2.2 with HCl and HF. A portion of seawater for acid-dissolvable species (AD) was acidified
without filtration. Labile particulate (LP) species is defined as AD minus D, which represents a chemically labile fraction
of particulate species. D-Zr, Hf and Ta increase with depth, Nb shows a slight depletion in surface water, whereas Mo and
W have a conservative vertical profile. The concentration range of D-Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta and W is 31–275, 0.14–0.95, 4.0–7.2, 0.08–0.29
and 40–51 pmol kg−1, respectively, whereas that of Mo is 97–105 nmol kg−1. LP-species of Zr, Hf and Ta account for 10–14% of AD in average and increase up to 25% below 4000 m, whereas those for Mo
and W are negligible. In contrast, LP-Nb shows maxima (up to 27%) in surface water. We also found that D-Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta and
Mo/W mole ratios generally increase in the order continental crust < river water < coastal sea < open ocean. 相似文献
104.
Hisashi Hayakawa Harufumi Tamazawa Yurina Uchiyama Yusuke Ebihara Hiroko Miyahara Shunsuke Kosaka Kiyomi Iwahashi Hiroaki Isobe 《Solar physics》2017,292(1):12
A significant carbon-14 enhancement has recently been found in tree rings for the year 994, suggesting an extremely strong and brief cosmic ray flux event. The origin of this particular cosmic ray event has not been confirmed, but one possibility is that it might be of solar origin. Contemporary historical records of low-latitude auroras can be used as supporting evidence of intense solar activity around that time. We investigate previously reported as well as new records that have been found in contemporary observations from the 990s to determine potential auroras. Records of potential red auroras in late 992 and early 993 were found around the world, i.e. in the Korean Peninsula, Saxonian cities in modern Germany, and the Island of Ireland, suggesting the occurrence of an intense geomagnetic storm driven by solar activity. 相似文献
105.
We clarify the uncertainty in the inferred magnetic field vector via the Hanle diagnostics of the hydrogen Lyman-\(\upalpha\) line when the stratification of the underlying atmosphere is unknown. We calculate the anisotropy of the radiation field with plane-parallel semi-empirical models under the nonlocal thermal equilibrium condition and derive linear polarization signals for all possible parameters of magnetic field vectors based on an analytical solution of the atomic polarization and Hanle effect. We find that the semi-empirical models of the inter-network region (FAL-A) and network region (FAL-F) show similar degrees of anisotropy in the radiation field, and this similarity results in an acceptable inversion error (e.g., \({\sim}\, 40~\mbox{G}\) instead of 50 G in field strength and \({\sim}\,100^{\circ}\) instead of \(90^{\circ}\) in inclination) when FAL-A and FAL-F are swapped. However, the semi-empirical models of FAL-C (averaged quiet-Sun model including both inter-network and network regions) and FAL-P (plage regions) yield an atomic polarization that deviates from all other models, which makes it difficult to precisely determine the magnetic field vector if the correct atmospheric model is not known (e.g., the inversion error is much larger than 40% of the field strength; \({>}\,70~\mbox{G}\) instead of \(50~\mbox{G}\)). These results clearly demonstrate that the choice of model atmosphere is important for Hanle diagnostics. As is well known, one way to constrain the average atmospheric stratification is to measure the center-to-limb variation of the linear polarization signals. The dependence of the center-to-limb variations on the atmospheric model is also presented in this paper. 相似文献
106.
Eitarou Oka Masao Ishii Toshiya Nakano Toshio Suga Shinya Kouketsu Masatoshi Miyamoto Hideyuki Nakano Bo Qiu Shusaku Sugimoto Yusuke Takatani 《Journal of Oceanography》2018,74(2):115-145
The 137°E repeat hydrographic section of the Japan Meteorological Agency across the western North Pacific was initiated in 1967 as part of the Cooperative Study of the Kuroshio and Adjacent Regions and has been continued biannually in winter and summer. The publicly available data from the section have been widely used to reveal seasonal to decadal variations and long-term changes of currents and water masses, biogeochemical and biological properties, and marine pollutants in relation to climate variability such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. In commemoration of the 50th anniversary in 2016, this review summarizes the history and scientific achievements of the 137°E section during 1967–2016. Through the publication of more than 100 papers over this 50-year span, with the frequency and significance of the publication increasing in time, the 137°E section has demonstrated its importance for future investigations of physical–biogeochemical–biological interactions on various spatiotemporal scales, and thereby its utility in enhancing process understanding to aid projections of the impact of future climate change on ocean resources and ecosystems over the twenty-first century. 相似文献
107.
Ocean Dynamics - Wind-induced mixing forms the surface mixed layer (ML) above the stratified interior oceans. The ML depth (MLD), a key quantity for several upper ocean processes such as the... 相似文献
108.
The Japanese archipelago underwent two arc–arc collisions during the Neogene. Southwest Honshu arc collided with the Izu‐Bonin‐Mariana arc and the northeast Honshu arc collided with the Chishima arc. The complicated geological structure of the South Fossa Magna region has been attributed to the collision between the Izu‐Bonin‐Mariana arc and the southwest Honshu arc. Understanding the geotectonic evolution of this tectonically active region is crucial for delineating the Neogene tectonics of the Japanese archipelago. Many intrusive granitoids occur around the Kofu basin, in the South Fossa Magna region. Although the igneous ages of these granitoids have been mainly estimated through biotite and hornblende K–Ar dating, here, we perform U–Pb dating of zircon to determine the igneous ages more precisely. In most cases, the secondary post‐magmatic overprint on the zircon U–Pb system was minor. Based on our results, we identify four groups of U–Pb ages: ca 15.5 Ma, ca 13 Ma, ca 10.5 Ma, and ca 4 Ma. The Tsuburai pluton belongs to the first group, and its age suggests that the granite formation within the Izu‐Bonin‐Mariana arc dates back to at least 15.5 Ma. The granitoids of the second group intruded into the boundary between the Honshu arc and the ancient Izu‐Bonin‐Mariana arc, suggesting that the arc–arc collision started by ca 13 Ma. As in the case of the Kaikomagatake pluton, the Chino pluton likely corresponds to a granodiorite formed in a rear‐arc setting in parallel with the other granodiorites of the third group. The U–Pb age of the Kogarasu pluton, which belongs to the fourth group, is the same as those of the Tanzawa tonalitic plutons. This might support a syncollisional rapid granitic magma formation in the South Fossa Magna region. 相似文献
109.
The viscoelastic relaxation behaviour of lherzolite and marble and their temporal fractal properties are studied. Based on the high‐temperature viscoelastic behaviour for these rock types derived from the time–temperature superposition principle, the relaxation function for the viscoelastic behaviour of lherzolite and marble can be expressed as a flow law from a power‐law function of temperature‐reduced time given by normalizing the various temperature behaviours, with a non‐integer exponent. The relaxation function is thus time‐scale invariant, i.e. there is a temporal fractal property to the temperature‐reduced time. Their rheological behaviour over geological time‐scales at low temperature can be extrapolated from the experimental high‐temperature behaviour based on the temporal fractal property. Our derived flow law satisfies not only transient behaviour but also steady‐state behaviour. 相似文献
110.
Shigenori Maruyama Ken Kurokawa Toshikazu Ebisuzaki Yusuke Sawaki Konomi Suda M.Santo 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(4):1337-1357
The origin of life on Earth remains enigmatic with diverse models and debates.Here we discuss essential requirements for the first emergence of life on our planet and propose the following nine requirements:(1)an energy source(ionizing radiation and thermal energy);(2)a supply of nutrients(P.K.REE.etc.);(3)a supply of life-constituting major elements;(4)a high concentration of reduced gases such as CH_4,HCN and NH_3;(5)dry-wet cycles to create membranes and polymerize RNA;(6)a non-toxic aqueous environment;(7)Na-poor water;(8)highly diversified environments,and(9)cyclic conditions,such as dayto-night,hot-to-cold etc.Based on these nine requirements,we evaluate previously proposed locations for the origin of Earth's life,including:(1)Darwin's "warm little pond",leading to a "prebiotic soup" for life;(2)panspermia or Neo-panspermia(succession model of panspermia);(3)transportation from/through Mars;(4)a deepsea hydrothermal system;(5)an on-land subduct ion-zone hot spring,and(6)a geyser systems driven by a natural nuclear reactor.We conclude that location(6)is the most ideal candidate for the o rigin point for Earth's life because of its efficiency in continuously supplying both the energy and the necessary materials for life,thereby maintaining the essential "cradle" for its initial development.We also emphasize that falsifiable working hypothesis provides an important tool to evaluate one of the biggest mysteries of the universe-the origin of life. 相似文献