Atmospheric elemental abundances for the components of the multiple system ADS 11061. 41 Draconis

We obtained speckle interferometric and spectroscopic observations of the system 41 Dra during its periastron passage in 2001. The components’ lines are resolved in the spectral interval 3700–9200 Å. The observed wavelength dependence of the brightness difference between the components is used to estimate the B-V indices separately for each of the components: B-V = 0.511 for component a and B-V = 0.502 for component b. We derived improved effective temperatures of the components from their B-V values and hydrogen-line profiles. The observations can be described with the parameters for the components T _eff ^a = 6370 K, log g^a = 4.05 and T _eff ^b = 6410 K, log g^b = 4.20. The iron, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen abundances in the atmospheres of the components are log N(Fe)^a = 7.55, log N(Fe)^b = 7.60, log N(C)^a = 8.52, log N(C)^b = 8.58, log N(N)^a = 8.05, log N(N)^b = 7.99, log N(O)^a = 8.73, log N(O)^b = 8.76.     

Deep structure of Kamchatka according to the results of MT sounding and seismic tomography

The key features in the distribution of geoelectric and velocity heterogeneities in the Earth’s crust and the upper mantle of Kamchatka are considered according to the data of deep magnetotelluric sounding and seismotomography. Their possible origin is discussed based on the combined analysis of electric conductivity and seismic velocity anomalies. The geoelectric model contains a crustal conducting layer at a depth of 15–35 km extending along the middle part of Kamchatka. In the Central Kamchatka volcanic belt, the layer is close to the ground surface to a depth of 15–20 km, where its conductivity considerably increases. Horizontal conducting zones with a width of up to 50 km extending into the Pacific Ocean are revealed in the lithosphere of eastern Kamchatka. The large centers of current volcanism are confined to the projections of the horizontal zones. The upper mantle contains an asthenospheric conducting layer that rises from a depth of 150 km in western Kamchatka to a depth of 70–80 km beneath the zone of current volcanism. According to the seismotographic data, the low- and high-seismic-velocity anomalies of P-waves that reflect lateral stratification, which includes the crust, the rigid part of the upper mantle, the asthenospheric layer in a depth range of ~70–130 km, and a high-velocity layer confined to a seismofocal zone, are identified on the vertical and horizontal cross sections of eastern Kamchatka. The cross sections show low-velocity anomalies, which, in the majority of cases, correspond to the high-conductivity anomalies caused by the increased porosity of rocks saturated with liquid fluids. However, there are also differences that are related to the electric conductivity of rocks depending on pore channels filled with liquid fluids making throughways for electric current. The seismic velocity depends, to a great extent, on the total porosity of the rocks, which also includes isolated and dead-end channels that can be filled with liquid fluids that do not contribute to the electric-current transfer. The data on electric conductivity and seismic velocity are used to estimate the porosity of the rocks in the anomalous zones of the Earth’s crust and the upper mantle that are characterized by high electric conductivity and low seismic velocity. This estimate serves as the basis for identifying the zones of partial melting in the lithosphere and the asthenosphere feeding the active volcanoes.     

Energy spectra and relative abundances of ions of C,O, and Fe at 1 AU during the quiet sun

The ion composition of fluxes of charged particles in interplanetary space with energies ∼0.03–10 MeV/nucleon are studied during quiet periods in the 23rd solar-activity cycle using data from the ACE spacecraft. Apart from the activity minimum, the Fe/O ratio during such periods corresponds to either the relative abundances of ions in particle fluxes accelerated in solar flares or the mean abundances of elements in the solar corona. At the cycle minimum, this ratio takes on values characteristic for the solar wind. These results indicate that the background fluxes of low-energy particles in the phases of the growth, maximum, and decay of the solar cycle include significant contributions from both coronal particles accelerated to suprathermal energies and particles accelerated in small impulsive solar flares. The particle fluxes from such flares are distinguished by an enhanced abundance of iron ions.     

The chemical composition and tectonic conditions of deposition of Paleozoic terrigenous sediments of the Ol’doi Terrain (eastern portion of the Central Asian Fold Belt)

This article contains the first data on the chemical composition and tectonic conditions of deposition of Paleozoic terrigenous sediments of the Ols’doi Terrain located in the eastern portion of the Central Asian Fold Belt. The data obtained suggest that at the initial stage deposition of sediments took place in the environment of a passive continental margin, while at the final stage it occurred in the environment of an island arc or an active continental margin. Based on all geological data available, the change of the geodynamic settings corresponds to the time of the formation of the Norovlya margin-continental magmatic arc.     

Magnetic detection method for seabed cable in marine engineering surveying

The detection and identification of the seabed cable is becoming an important task in the marine engineering. The features of the magnetic anomaly can be used to detect the existence of the seabed cable. The magnetic field model is presented, and the consistency of the magnetic anomaly distribution between the simulation of the model and the observed data is verified. The comparison shows that the seabed cable can be effectively detected and identified with reasonable method.     

The magnetic-field geometry in polar ray structures of the solar corona

Variations in the positions of the intersection points of tangents to ray structures in the polar corona of the Sun during the solar cycle are considered. At first glance, the decrease in the distance q between the tangent intersection point and the center of the solar disk during activity maximum contradicts harmonic analyses that indicate that the relative weight of higher harmonics in the global field increases during this period. Indeed, the higher the harmonic number in an axisymmetric field, the closer the intersection point of the field-line tangents (the magnetic focus) to the solar surface. It is shown that q for a field composed of two harmonics with opposite polarities at the poles can be smaller than q for either of them taken alone. A simple model representing the global field using the third and seventh harmonics is analyzed; this model can reproduce quite satisfactorily the observed dynamics of magnetic foci of the polar field.     

First Data about Mercury in Modern Hydrothermal Process in the Ocean,Juan de Fuca Ridge

The results of studying Hg in an underwater hydrothermal system in the ocean using the Middle Valley of the Juan de Fuca ridge as an example are presented. A significant part of Hg is accumulated in the basalt fundament (Holes 858F, G), forming anomalously high concentrations (up to 29.30 ppm) in certain parts. The high Hg contents were established in metalliferous sediments (323 ppm) of the sedimentary cover (Hole 858D) and in sulfide deposits (up to 10.30 ppm). In other parts of the section, Hg content is 0.02–0.76 ppm (Holes 858B, D, F), background Hg contents in sediments—0.08–0.28 ppm and in basalts—0.17–0.31 ppm (Holes 855A, C, D).     

Operational system for diagnosis and forecast of hydrophysical characteristics of the Black Sea

The automatic system of operational forecasting of the Black Sea state which functions at the Marine Hydrophysical Institute is presented. Principles of the system construction are considered; the marine environment models used for forecasting, the data streams required for the system functioning, and tools for validating and visualizing the results of sea-state calculations are described. Some examples of investigating a number of processes and phenomena in the Black Sea are given.