崂山隆起寒武系油气勘探前景预测——对比四川盆地和苏北盆地

南黄海盆地是下扬子克拉通板块的主体,也是我国唯一尚未获得油气突破的海区。尤其是崂山隆起,目前只有1口钻井,勘探程度极低,制约了油气勘探的进程。然而,南黄海盆地的烃源岩、储层、盖层和成藏条件与四川盆地和苏北盆地存在着相似的地方。对比分析四川盆地和苏北盆地寒武系可以发现：2个盆地的烃源岩丰度高,厚度大,TOC平均含量分别达4%和3.32%,都是较好的烃源岩;储层以震旦系和寒武系白云岩为主,裂隙发育使储层具有较高的孔隙度和渗透率;成藏模式包括新生古储、古生新储和自生自储。在缺少资料的情况下,通过类比四川盆地和苏北盆地来推测南黄海崂山隆起寒武系的油气地质特征和油气勘探前景。对比分析认为,崂山隆起寒武系具有较大的油气勘探前景,应加快勘探进程。     

北戴河近岸海域表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价

分析了北戴河近岸海域表层沉积物重金属含量和空间分布特征,利用修正综合指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对其污染程度进行了评价。结果表明,该区表层沉积物重金属平均含量较低,高值区主要分布在西南角和东北角河口,低值区主要分布在中部;区内重金属污染程度总体上处于较低至中等等级,污染相对明显的为人造河口、石河口和秦皇岛城区近岸海域。相对而言,Hg是主要的致污元素。     

Impact Compressive Creep Characteristics of Simulative Soil for Deep-Sea Sediment

The impact load (equivalent impact height) applied to deep-sea sediment by a walking mining machine was first deduced by the energy conservation principle, and the simulative soil was prepared based on the deep-sea sediment collected from the Pacific C-C mining area. The self-designed impact compressive creep tests of the simulative soil were conducted under different ground stresses and impact heights, in order to determine impact compressive creep parameters using a K-H rheological model. Test results show that the impact compressive creep curves have three similar creep stages (transient creep, unstable creep, and stable creep) to static compressive creep curves, where the transient creep deformation and total deformation at the unstable creep stage decrease with the impact load. Among the three impact compressive creep parameters (K₁, K₂, β) of the simulative soil, K₁ is first increased with impact height and finally fluctuated to a certain stable value, while K₂ and β are approximately linearly increased with impact height. The maximum subsidence of the mining machine under a specific designed ground stress and walking velocity predicted by the impact compressive creep constitutive equation can be used for safety assessment of the mining machine.     

Evaluation of Effective Depth of PVD Improvement in Soft Clay Deposit: A Field Case Study

This article presents a case history of determination of effective depth of prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) under embankment loading on a very soft clay deposit in central China, near Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. The height of the embankment was 5.3 m and construction time was about one year. The PVDs were installed to a depth of 8.5 m at a spacing of 1.5 m in a triangular pattern. Field observations and the finite element method (FEM) were employed to analyze the performance of the soft deposit during embankment construction. The influential depth of the embankment loading was evaluated based on settlement, excess pore pressure, and stress increase in subsoil, both from the observed data and FEM analysis. The effective PVD depth was determined in the following ways: (1) the depth of 5% subsoil settlement of surface settlement; (2) vertical stress increase in subsoil of 25% in-situ stress; and (3) consolidation time/PVD depth relation by FEM. Based on the analysis, the effective depth of PVDs was determined to be between 10 and 12.8 m for this field case.     

黄河口潮滩泥沙絮凝研究

本文基于现场观测的絮团粒径、悬沙浓度及水动力数据,研究了黄河口南部潮滩泥沙絮凝特征。研究发现,黄河口潮滩絮团粒径在25.42～264.44 μm之间,平均为95.20 μm。水体紊动对黄河口潮滩絮凝的影响存在差异,紊动对絮凝促进作用的上限约为G_l=3.76 s⁻¹。紊动强度低于G_l时,紊动促进泥沙絮凝,絮团粒径随紊动加强而增大;反之水体紊动对絮凝主要起抑制作用,絮团粒径随紊动强度增大而减小。悬沙浓度对黄河口潮滩泥沙絮凝起抑制作用,同等紊动条件下高悬沙浓度对应的絮团粒径更小。黄河口潮滩絮团有效密度与粒径呈现负相关关系,沉速主要受粒径影响。本研究补充了对弱潮河口潮滩泥沙絮凝特性的认识。     

Distribution and invasion of Spartina alterniflora within the Jiaozhou Bay monitored by remote sensing image

Spartina alterniflora as an alien invasive plant, poses a serious threat to the ecological functions of the coastal wetland of the Jiaozhou Bay. As of 2019, the distribution area of S. alterniflora in the Jiaozhou Bay has reached more than 500 hm². For this reason, combined with field surveys, remote sensing monitoring of the invasion S.alterniflora in the Jiaozhou Bay has been carried out. To accurately identify S. alterniflora within the Jiaozhou Bay coastal wetland, we used a new m...     

关于来流对槽道推进器流体动力性能影响的研究

作为主动操纵装置的船艏侧推器，其侧推效率受船速的影响会有很大的变化。为能有效地进行操纵控制，本文从理论和实验两方面人手，研究了艏侧推器受船速影响的流体动力性能，并在一定的速度范围内，获得了一种理论估算方法。     

厦门港水动力因素低频波动特征及其机制分析

本文根据历史水文气象资料，用条件谱分析方法，分析了厦门港水动力因素低频波动特征并探讨其发生机制。结果表明，低频波动清楚地表现为水位和表层盐度的波动。厦门港水位的低频波动主要源自平潭站的水位波动，风的贡献是次要的；条件谱分析了难以描述表层盐度低频波动和九江径流波动的复杂关系。     

厦门西港海域硅酸盐浓度的变化特征

对１９８７年厦门西港赤潮调查表层海水硅酸盐等资料的研究表明，该海区表层海水中硅酸盐浓度的分布一般呈由湾口朝湾内降低的趋势，这在浮游植物繁盛的春季更为明显，硅酸盐浓度的日较差值春季明显高于冬季的。受浮游植物活动和咸淡水消长的综合影响，硅酸盐浓度呈明显的季节变化，介于１３．９－７２．４μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ＾３之间，春季为低值期，冬季为高值期，春夏季大，小潮时硅酸盐浓度呈显著变化，一般为小潮时的高于大潮时，文     

The behaviour of 59Fe in marine microhabitat

Under the artificial condition the 59Fe morphology in sea water, its concentration in sediment and phytoplankton, its distribution and metabolism in tissue organs of marine animals were studied. The results showed that the morphology of 59Fe was in a particulate state in sea water. The adsorption rule of 59Fe by three kinds of sediments was similar. The concentration ability of 59Fe by phytoplankton was very strong. The critical concentration organs of S9Fe by marine animals were viscera. The gross radioactivity of 59Fe was mainly concentrated in protein. The concentration factor of 59Fe by DNA was the highest one. After excretion experiment, 59Fe of all the tissue organs was not detected. Small part of59Fe remained in the organic acid and protein state. There was a redistribution process in sediment for59Fe.