黑龙江通河县曙光石场地区土壤地球化学特征与成矿预测

为查明曙光石场地区各成矿元素和矿(化)体的分布特征,在1∶2万土壤地球化学测量的基础上,对研究区多种成矿元素进行聚类分析和因子分析。研究表明:区内Ag、Pb、Zn、Bi、Sn单元素异常个数多、变异系数值较高,具有较强的成矿潜力;区内Ag-Pb-Zn元素组合异常套和极好,异常强度较强,与岩浆热液型成矿作用相关,具有较好的找矿前景;根据单元素异常的套合情况及元素共生组合规律圈定组合异常六处并进行了槽探工程验证,在Ht-4组合异常处发现一铅锌银矿点,矿体、矿化体产于上石炭统唐家屯组流纹质凝灰岩中。     

Effect of the Dry Ashing Method on Cadmium Isotope Measurements in Soil and Plant Samples

A dry ashing method is commonly used to remove organic material from samples prior to geochemical analysis. In the course of this study, the Cd isotope ratios of a series of soil and plant reference materials and samples were studied to evaluate the effect of the dry ashing method on measurement results of Cd isotope ratios. The samples were pre‐treated using the dry ashing method and high‐pressure bomb for comparison. The results show that the digestion using high‐pressure bombs did not lead to Cd loss, but using the dry ashing method would cause different proportions of Cd loss. The whole range of Cd isotope difference between two methods was from ?0.07‰ to 3.01‰. There was also an obvious difference in measured Cd isotope ratios from the same leaf sample pre‐treated independently by the dry ashing method, indicating that the amount of Cd loss and the effect on Cd isotope measurement during dry ashing is related to the properties of the samples. Therefore, dry ashing may not be appropriate for the removal of organic material in Cd isotope ratio measurement, especially for samples with high organic contents. The δ^114/110Cd values of reference materials NIST SRM 1573a and GSD‐30 are reported for the first time in this study.     

贵州兴义雄武背斜菁角地区龙潭组含铀砂岩地球化学特征及其意义

菁角地处于兴义市雄武背斜核部南东翼南西段,大地构造位置位于扬子板块与华南板块的结合部.前人主要对该地区的金矿进行了矿点地质特征、构造特征、矿体形态等方面的研究,但对岩石学特征、铀的赋存形式以及地球化学特征研究较少.本次研究利用TIMA扫面、显微镜下观察、地球化学分析等方法对矿石、围岩的岩石学特征、地球化学特征、风化作用和分选、源区岩石类型、铀的赋存形式等方面进行探究.TIMA扫面以及显微镜下观察的结果表明铀的赋存形式是以弥散状充填进黏土化(高岭石)裂隙中.菁脚地区地球化学分析显示,龙潭组砂岩中w(SiO2)为51.30％～91.55％,围岩主要类型为亚岩屑砂岩,矿石以及矿化岩石为岩屑砂屑岩,CIA(73.83～82.53)以及ICV指数表明矿石及矿化岩石较围岩成熟度高、风化程度强.测试样品均有较强的U正异常,含量为4.78～772.00×10-6,且U与∑REE,Sb元素呈现明显正相关,Zr与∑REE呈强的正相关(R=1).菁角地区铀的来源是热液在上升过程中萃取围岩中的铀,沿着层间构造破碎带充填进成熟度较高的黑色砂岩中富集而成,结合菁角地区岩石学特征、地球化学特征以及铀的赋存形式,推测菁脚金(铀)矿床为低温热液矿床.     

黄河北煤田10号煤煤层气储层物性及特征研究

煤层气是一种备受国家重视和开发利用的非常规清洁能源,煤层气储层物性的研究对煤层气资源的评价与开发具有重要意义。以黄河北煤田煤层气开发资料为基础,结合区域地质特征,应用煤层气地质理论对煤田内10号煤煤层气储层物性特征进行了研究。研究发现:10号煤层宏观煤岩类型以半亮煤为主,煤中有机显微组分以镜质组为主,无机显微组分以黏土为主;煤的变质程度比较高,整体进入成熟阶段;10号煤层储层孔裂隙发育、渗透率较低;10煤层对甲烷的吸附能力较强;10号煤层储层压力为2.16~4.20MPa,压力梯度为0.418~0.797MPa/100m,为低压储层至常压储层;黄河北煤田呈单斜构造,10号煤层埋藏深度较深,含水性较好,有利于煤层气保存。     

Analysis of mobilized stress ratio of gap-graded granular materials in direct shear state considering coarse fraction effect

Weathered rockfill materials, characterized by a mixture of soil matrix and rock aggregates, are widely distributed in mountainous areas. These soils are frequently used for subgrade or riprap in engineering practice, and the mobilized shear strength is crucial for analyzing the displacement and stability of these geo-structures. A series of direct shear tests are performed on a gap-graded soil with a full range of coarse fraction. The behavior of gap-graded soils is analyzed, and a simple model is proposed for the evolution of mobilized stress ratio during direct shearing process based on mixture theory. The change of inter-aggregate configuration is incorporated by introducing a structure variable which increases with coarse fraction and decreases approximately linearly with the overall horizontal shear strain in double logarithmic plot. It reasonably reflects a gradually transformation from a matrix-sustained structure into an aggregate-sustained one with the increase of coarse fraction. The model has four parameters, and at least two direct shear tests need to be done for the calibration. Validation of the model is done by using the test data in this work and those from the literature.

     

碳市场顶层设计路线图

中国正面临着低碳减排和保持经济增速的双重挑战。为利用碳排放权交易机制以最低的社会成本实现减排目标,我国自2013年起开始建设碳排放权交易试点,并于2017年12月起宣布正式启动全国碳市场。然而碳市场的顶层设计不可一蹴而就,需要在我国宏观经济改革的大背景下分阶段逐步推进。短期（2020年前）碳市场建设重在强化产权制度建设,完善市场交易基础。中期（2021—2030年）碳市场建设要形成活跃的市场氛围,充分降低我国的温室气体达峰成本。长期（2031—2050年）碳市场建设要形成稳定上升的碳价趋势,为我国的低碳转型提供长期动力。     

我国华东与西南县域主要气象敏感性疾病变化特征及其医疗费用研究

摘要：针对目前医疗费用不断上涨的现实问题,基于安徽省阜南县和贵州省锦屏县相关医疗机构的全部住院数据和气象资料,首先分析两县疾病谱特征,然后从季节和24节气角度,分析两县主要气象敏感性疾病（因天气和气候异常变化而诱发或加重的相关疾病）住院人次和医疗费用的变化特征以及人体舒适度对当地主要气象敏感性疾病发病的影响。结果表明,阜南县和锦屏县人群中住院人数最多的疾病分别是循环和呼吸系统两大类气象敏感性疾病,医疗费用最高的前六位疾病都包含循环、呼吸和消化系统疾病,其三者医疗费用总和分别占两县总医疗费用的44.9%和45.8%,因此,从降低医疗费用的角度来看加强这三类主要气象敏感性疾病的预防十分重要。此外,三种系统疾病医疗费用呈现出明显的季节变化特征：其中,循环系统疾病的医疗费用在季节转换期间明显高于各季节内,呼吸系统疾病冬春季的医疗费用远高于夏秋季节,消化系统疾病夏季医疗费用最高。两县9月的体感温度最接近人体最佳舒适温度,而此时上述三类疾病的住院人次及医疗费用也是相对低点。此研究结果可为当地相关疾病的适时防控、有效降低医疗费用提供科学依据。     

北京市GPS网解算时IGS站的选取实验

用实验的方法,讨论了北京市GPS台网在用GAMIT软件解算时,选取IGS基准站的空间分布(南北半球、网内网缘、均匀展布)、数量分布(0到8个IGS站)对解算结果精度的影响。由于受观测站数量和IGS站观测数据质量的影响,在保证精度的前提下,为了提高观测数据的利用率,需要增加IGS站数量。根据2004全年的解算结果,北京台网选择9到10个IGS站较为合适。     

21世纪中国主要粮食产区的空间格局特征

Grain production is an important issue for the national economy and the livelihood of the Chinese people. It serves as the foundation of national development and social stability. China is a major grain producer as well as a major grain consumer. The grai…     

SLJ-100DH型井下数字三分向力平衡加速度计装置研制

介绍了新研制的井下数字三分向力平衡加速度计装置技术性能、工作原理,分析讨论了仪器的特点。