简易建筑物的雷电防护

通过对近年来简易建筑物所发生的一些雷灾事故,分析了简易建筑物雷电防护的必要性、可行性,并因陋就简地提出了实用、经济的雷电防护方案.     

南岳雨凇分析

分析了南岳雨凇与冷冬及西太平洋副热带高压的关系。结果表明,在冷冬年份,南岳雨凇日数偏多;在暖冬年份,南岳雨凇日数偏少。西太平洋副热带高压与南岳冬季气温密切相关。副热带高压偏弱时,南岳冬季偏冷;副热带高压偏强时,南岳冬季偏暖。副热带高压的588线北界偏北时,南岳冬季偏暖,反之偏冷。副热带高压的西伸脊点偏东时,南岳雨凇日数偏多,反之偏少,而且西太平洋副热带高压的变化超前于冷暖冬的变化。     

大气对称运动和反对称运动的物理性质以及它们之间的能量转换

采用p坐标系,利用控制原始方程模式大气中对称运动和反对称运动的方程组,对其物理性质,如对称的和反对称的能量、角动量等的守恒性和它们之间的相互转换,纬圈平均的和扰动的对称和反对称运动之间的能量的相互转换进行了讨论。结果指出:(1)对全球总的绝对角动量的变化有贡献的,只能是因地形而引起的位势高度的对称部分在纬圈方向的差值和耗失力的纬向分量;(2)不同形式能量之间的相互转换除和经典的情况类似外,还有对称能量和反对称能量之间的相互转换,可以制约对称运动和反对称运动的相互影响。     

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SYMMETRIC AND ANTISYMMETRIC MOTIONS AND RELATED ENERGY CONVERSION

The physical properties of the symmetric and antisymmetric motions,such as the conservation of the ab-solute angular momentum,the mutual conversions between various forms of energy,have been analysed by usingthe sets of equaticns in p-coordinates controlling the motions in the primitive equation model atmosphere.Theresults show that only the symmetric component of zoral geopotential difference caused by orography and thatof the zonal frictional torque,have contribution to the change of the global angular momentum,and that themutual conversions between various forms of energy,in addition to those similar to the results in the classical case,irclude those associated with the symmetric and antisymmetric motions.     

Long-term differences in annual litter production between alien (Sonneratia apetala) and native (Kandelia obovata) mangrove species in Futian,Shenzhen, China

Annual litter production in alien (Sonneratia apetala) and native (Kandelia obovata) mangrove forests in Shenzhen, China were compared from 1999 to 2010. S. apetala had significantly higher litter production than K. obovata, with mean annual total litter of 18.1 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ and 15.2 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, respectively. The higher litter production in S. apetala forest indicates higher productivity and consequently more nutrient supply to the estuarine ecosystems but may be more invasive due to positive plant-soil feedbacks and nutrient availability to this alien species. Two peaks were recorded in S. apetala (May and October), while only one peak was observed in K. obovata, in early spring (March and April). Leaf and reproductive materials were the main contributors to litter production (>80%) in both forests. These results suggest that the ecological function of S. apetala and its invasive potential can be better understood based on a long-term litter fall analysis.     

ON THE VERTICAL DISCRETIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC MODELS—PART Ⅱ:VERTICAL DISCRETIZATION

Two schemes for vertical discretization of the model are proposed,one with equal △lnσ andthe other in terms of Tschebyscheff polynomials.It is proved that in adiabatic and inviscid cases ifthe meteorological elements and related physical quantities are continuous in time and in thehorizontal,the total energy and total mass are conserved within a high approximation respectively,and there is a correct conversion between total kinetic and total potential energy.Numericalcomputations show that the schemes both have high accuracy.For example,in integrating thehydrostatic equation the computational errors of geopotential height resulting from the schemes aremuch less than those resulting from EC79 in a-coordinate.     

对多层原始方程模式的合理性分析

本文分理论基础和数值分析两部份。在第一部份中,利用绝热无耗散多层原始方程模式从理论上证明:如在初始时刻t_0时运动是对称的(包括地形是对称的),则在t>t_0的任一时刻,运动将保持是对称的。还在考虑对称地形情况下用模式进行时间数值积分,证明了理沦结果的正确性,因而,理论结果可以作为分析模式合理性的基础。 但是,如考虑实际地形,则由于其对称部份和反对称部份数量相当,运动的对称性会大大降低,受影响的地区主要是北半球高山地区和南半球与之对称的低地。而且,这种影响是从低层逐渐传播到高层的。     

A piecewise based high-precision registration of InSAR data

In Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry, the precise co-registration is a key problem to obtain the fine interferogram. Theoretically, 1/10 pixel accuracy is essential. Once the control points are determined, the relative rectification (pixel re-sampling)is also the important procedure. In this paper,a piecewise transformation algorithm based on Delaunay Tessellation algorithm is developed. The strategy is to "anchor" geographically all control points and transform the imagery on the basis of triangle by triangle. The piecewise algorithm, the accuracy evaluation and the preliminary results are described. The experiment result shows that the piecewise transformation out-performes the traditional polynomial transformation.     

Interactive generalization on large-scale topographical map supported by a database platform

This paper makes a study on the interactive digital generalization, where map generalization can be divided into intellective reasoning procedure and operational procedure, which are done by human and computer, respectively. And an interactive map generalization environment for large scale topographic map is then designed and realized. This research focuses on: ¹ the significance of researching an interactive map generalization environment, ² the features of large scale topographic map and interactive map generalization, ³ the construction of map generalization-oriented database platform.     

一种新的布设沉降观测点的方法

一些构筑物,不能按常规方法埋设观测点,介绍一种新的布设沉降观测点的方法一粘合观测点法,并通过工程实践,对新观测点稳固性进行了统计、分析。