同步激光测高数据的垂线偏差解算与分析

针对传统的垂线偏差计算过程中东西分量与南北分量差异过大的问题,提出了利用新型ICESat-2海面高数据获取高精度东西分量的方法,选定南中国海域(0°～23°N、103°～120°E)作为试验区域,基于ICESat-2 ATL12海表面高度数据产品进行垂线偏差解算.与此同时,采用XGM2019e_ 2159模型检核,对比同时间序列长度的Jason-2解算结果,分析了ICESat-2多波束同步观测模式的垂线偏差解算优势.数值试验表明:ICESat-2获取的海面高观测值精度优于传统雷达测高模式,计算的沿轨垂线偏差精度与Ku波段测高模式相当.ICESat-2中间束强波束的垂线偏差解算精度优于两侧强波束,并且多波束组模式首次提供了跨轨方向的同步观测数据,解算的跨轨垂线偏差精度可靠,可以提升垂线偏差东西向分量的确定精度.     

三门峡水库断面系统设计与实现

三门峡水库断面系统由Visual Basic 6.0和Excel软件开发而成,通过断面控制文件调用断面数据文件,具有单个或批量生成断面图、编辑断面图、输出断面图数据的功能。较之前生成的断面图更加规范、统一,断面图生成操作界面简单、方便、快捷,节省了工作时间和劳动力,具有较强的实用价值。     

基于改进的预处理共轭梯度法和三维插值法精确和快速解算GRACE地球重力场

本文首先对比分析了基于直接最小二乘法(DLSP),预处理共轭梯度法(PCCG)和三维插值法(TDIM)解算卫星观测方程的优缺点;其次,基于能量守恒法分别利用改进的PCCG和TDIM反演了120阶GRACE地球重力场,在120阶处累计大地水准面精度为17.316 cm和15.421 cm;最后,通过和德国波兹坦地学研究中...     

内蒙古哈达门沟地区泥盆纪金(钼)矿化事件厘定的同位素证据

乌拉山--大青山成矿带为华北板块北缘重要的金成矿带,其中蕴含哈达门沟--柳坝沟大型金(钼)矿田,金(钼)矿床成矿时代和构造背景一直存在争议,长期被认为是中生代构造岩浆活动产物,最近在哈达门沟金矿床深部发现了与金共生的石英脉型和钾化蚀变岩型钼矿化,笔者等利用Re-Os同位素分析方法,首次对与含金黄铁矿共生的辉钼矿进行了年...     

汉江下游河水-地下水侧向交互带中溶解态锰的分布特征

江汉平原浅层地下水中锰含量普遍较高,探究锰在河流交互带中的分布特征有助于认识交互带中锰的生物地球化学过程,对水质的保护具有重要指导意义.通过监测汉江下游侧向交互带河水、地下水中溶解态锰含量及其相关指标,分析不同河水-地下水交互作用方向下溶解态锰的时空分布规律,并探讨其成因.结果表明:研究区侧向交互带中靠近河岸带区域存在溶解态锰的富集,且在有局部反向流的地方锰含量较高;该局部富集的现象在河水补给地下水的交互带中更加明显;泄洪后该富集区域随水流方向发生迁移;研究区地下水中锰的含量与HCO₃-、Ca2+、Mg2+呈极显著正相关,与NO₃-、Fe2+显著负相关,但与交互带地下水中Eh和pH不相关.交互带溶解态锰的时空分布受地形条件、水动力和水化学的共同影响.      

甘肃寨上金矿南矿带构造叠加晕实用模型及深部找矿预测

为了研究甘肃寨上金矿南矿带矿体隐伏规律,预测深部找矿远景,基于构造叠加晕找矿方法对该矿床南矿带深部找矿潜力进行探讨。对南矿带32号脉9种金属元素(Au、Ag、As、Bi、Cu、Pb、Sb、W、Zn)的测试数据进行数学地质分析,结果表明Au与As具有较好的相关性,是找矿的指示元素;As与Sb、Cu与Bi的相关系数分别为0.586、0.945,可能与它们在热液上升过程中靠近矿体的头部和尾部有关。基于对矿区9种元素的数学统计分析并与中国金矿床原生晕综合轴向(垂向)分带序列对比,得到寨上矿区理想原生晕分带序列为:As-Sb(前缘晕)→Pb-Ag-Au-Zn-W(近矿晕)→Cu-Bi(尾晕);根据改良的格里戈良分带指数法得到各勘探线轴向分带序列,前、尾晕共存等“反分带”现象的出现表明存在多次热液叠加作用。使用克里金插值法得到衬值晕分带图,显示矿体向东倾覆,含矿热液应从东南向西北运移,剥蚀程度自东向西加强。在野外地质工作的基础上,结合矿区地质特征和元素空间分布规律,建立了南矿带构造叠加晕实用模型。根据原生晕找矿特征标志,32号脉东南部67线深处的有利成矿空间指示有矿,并将其定成预测靶位。通过布设钻孔ZK67-0验证了预测靶位的准确性,表明构造叠加晕实用模型在寨上金矿找矿预测具有可行性。     

三峡水库蓄放水对地面重力变化的影响分析

针对目前对地面重力的影响分析多采用模拟计算,从而导致对蓄放水的影响范围和程度分析还存在不足的问题,该文利用资源三号(ZY-3)高分辨率多光谱遥感影像提取了三峡库区江河湖库水体数据,结合水位数据,通过负荷格林函数积分模型,计算出三峡水库蓄放水导致水位升降的过程中水体对地面重力变化的影响。研究发现:(1)以1a为周期,三峡库区库岸及长江近岸地面重力的变化趋势与水库的蓄放水时期对应;(2)三峡水库放水期间水位下降,水库库岸及长江近岸地面重力减小;蓄水期间水位上升,地面重力增大;(3)三峡水库蓄放水对库岸及长江近岸的地面重力影响最大可达1 000μGal以上,且距离长江中心线越近,地面重力变化越大。     

The Tibetan Plateau Surface–Atmosphere Coupling System and Its Weather and Climate Effects: The Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment

The Tibetan Plateau(TP) is a key area affecting forecasts of weather and climate in China and occurrences of extreme weather and climate events over the world. The China Meteorological Administration, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly initiated the Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment(TIPEX-Ⅲ) in 2013, with an 8–10-yr implementation plan. Since its preliminary field measurements conducted in 2013, routine automatic sounding systems have been deployed at Shiquanhe, Gaize, and Shenzha stations in western TP, where no routine sounding observations were available previously. The observational networks for soil temperature and soil moisture in the central and western TP have also been established. Meanwhile, the plateau-scale and regional-scale boundary layer observations, cloud–precipitation microphysical observations with multiple radars and aircraft campaigns, and tropospheric–stratospheric air composition observations at multiple sites, were performed. The results so far show that the turbulent heat exchange coefficient and sensible heat flux are remarkably lower than the earlier estimations at grassland, meadow, and bare soil surfaces of the central and western TP. Climatologically, cumulus clouds over the main body of the TP might develop locally instead of originating from the cumulus clouds that propagate northward from South Asia. The TIPEX-Ⅲ observations up to now also reveal diurnal variations, macro-and microphysical characteristics, and water-phase transition mechanisms, of cumulus clouds at Naqu station. Moreover, TIPEX-Ⅲ related studies have proposed a maintenance mechanism responsible for the Asian "atmospheric water tower" and demonstrated the effects of the TP heating anomalies on African, Asian, and North American climates. Additionally, numerical modeling studies show that the Γ distribution of raindrop size is more suitable for depicting the TP raindrop characteristics compared to the M–P distribution, the overestimation of sensible heat flux can be reduced via modifying the heat transfer parameterization over the TP, and considering climatic signals in some key areas of the TP can improve the skill for rainfall forecast in the central and eastern parts of China. Furthermore, the TIPEX-Ⅲ has been promoting the technology in processing surface observations, soundings, and radar observations, improving the quality of satellite retrieved soil moisture and atmospheric water vapor content products as well as high-resolution gauge–radar–satellite merged rainfall products, and facilitating the meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and data sharing operations.     

地铁车站抗浮设计方法探讨

地铁车站抗浮设计是地铁设计的重要内容,对工程造价影响较大,但在设计参数、抗浮计算等方面一直存在争议.从工作经验出发,结合最新规范、专家意见,系统介绍了地铁车站抗浮设计涉及的抗浮水位选取、抗浮计算、抗浮措施等,阐述了个人对分歧的看法及原因,并根据地铁工程的特点,针对地铁车站抗浮设计时容易出现的问题提出了自己的方法和建议.     

Global,regional and local: new firm formation and spatial restructuring in China’s apparel industry

The rise of China as the ‘world factory’ has been attributed to the export-oriented industrialization largely driven by some fundamental transformations unfolding in China’s economic, political and cultural arenas, since the Reform and Opening-Up policies. As production costs and competitive pressures both rise, the flexible business environment that export-led production used to embed in has undergone dramatic restructuring and this has further pushed forward new rounds of spatial restructuring and industrial relocation, especially in China’s highly export-oriented apparel industry. Using a large firm-level dataset on new firm formation, we show the articulation of global, regional and local factors are shaping the new firm formation pattern and industrial relocation in interactional and collective ways. The econometric estimations also indicate the ways in which and the extents to which these factors affect firm location choice are highly determined by firm-specific capability.