Argo-认识和预测气候变化的全球海洋观测计划

1　全球海洋观测网 (Argo)为了解全球气候的变化 ,海洋学界正在做一项雄心勃勃的事业 ,即设计并部署一个全球海洋观测系统 ,以便对海洋从季节到十年间的变化作前所未有的长期跟踪观测。这项计划的实施 ,将使人类对气候的认识和预测向前迈出一大步。全球海洋观测系统的现场支柱就是 Argo剖面浮标网 ,将为人类提供一个全球海洋次表层数据库。Argo剖面浮标观测网将由 3 0 0 0个自动仪器组成 (图 1 ) ,每个浮标每隔 1 0天发送一组取自 2 0 0 0 m到海面的温度和盐度剖面资料 (图 2、3 )。在全球大洋内每隔大约 3个经纬度布设一个浮标 ,其数据通…     

装载GPCTD传感器的海翼水下滑翔机观测数据实时质量控制

Profiles observed by Sea-Wing underwater gliders are widely applied in scientific research. However, the quality control(QC) of these data has received little attention. The mismatch between the temperature probe and conductivity cell response times generates erroneous salinities, especially across a strong thermocline. A sensor drift may occur owing to biofouling and biocide leakage into the conductivity cell when a glider has operated for several months. It is therefore critical to design a mature real-time QC procedure and develop a toolbox for the QC of Sea-Wing glider data. On the basis of temperature and salinity profiles observed by several Sea-Wing gliders each installed with a Sea-Bird Glider Payload CTD sensor, a real-time QC method including a thermal lag correction, Argo-equivalent real-time QC tests, and a simple post-processing procedure is proposed. The method can also be adopted for Petrel gliders.     

添加维生素B_（12）生产菌高密度培养褶皱臂尾轮虫的效果

阐述把维生素Ｂ１２生产菌添加到培养水中培养褶皱臂尾轮虫ＢｒａｃｈｉｏｎｕｓＰｌｉｃａｔｉｌｉｓ的买验。共１８株细菌分离于轮虫培养池，其中，有一株产维生素Ｂ１２的假单胞杆菌ＴＰ４对轮虫的生长繁殖有明显的促进作用。把ＴＰ４菌株培养后，加入到２Ｌ的烧杯和５００Ｌ的水槽中培养泰国Ｓ型轮虫时．在９ｄ（天）和６ｄ（天）中，轮虫密度从１２４～１３９和２４２～２８８个体／ｍｌ增殖到４，４１７～５，５４０和１，０１７～１，２５４个体／ｍｌ，分别比对照组增加了４～６及２～３倍。     

Several significant hydrographic characteristics and their formation mechanism in the South China Sea during the spring and summer of 1998

INTRODUCTIONTheSCSisthelargestmarginseainthewestoftheNorthPacificOcean .Theprevailingwindinwinterisnortheast,whileinsummeritissouthwest .Itisstilluncertainthathowthecirculationandtemperature -salinityfieldassociatewiththemonsoonforcingandaccompanywithseveralkindsofvariationsbeforeorafterthesummermonsoonburst .DuringSECMEXin 1 998,twointensiveobservationperiods (IOP)havebeencarriedoutntheSCS (Fig 1 ) :IOP1 ,from 1 0Aprilto 5May ;IOP2 ,from 1 2JunetoJuly 6 ,inordertounderstandthe…     

昆布多糖的化学与生物活性研究进展

昆布为海带科植物海带或翅藻科植物昆布的干燥叶状体,内含藻胶酸、氨基酸、多糖、甘露醇和多种维生素及丰富的碘,临床应用比较广泛.昆布多糖是昆布主要活性成分之一,采用葡聚糖凝胶柱SephadexG 100柱对其进行纯化,并用纸色谱法测得其组分为岩藻糖、半乳糖、木糖,比例为3.410.5.昆布多糖具有抗肿瘤、促免疫、抗凝血等多种活性.     

黑潮水入侵南海的水文分析──Ⅱ.1994年8—9月期间的观测结果

利用1994年8－9月期间，由台湾海峡两岸的4艘海洋调查船在南海东北部海域所获之CTD和ADCP资料，并结合1992年3月间在同一海域获取的CTD资料及部分历史水文资料，对该区域的海水特性以及黑潮水入侵南海等问题进行了分析探讨。结果表明：调查期间，本海区水团分布与冬末、春初（1992年3月）航次基本相似，即南海和西北太平洋海域的海水结构有着各自相对独立的温、盐度特性。虽发现有黑潮水穿越巴上海峡进入南海，但其势力甚弱。因此，在夏末秋初，黑潮亦无直接的分支深入南海，即使在巴士海峡北端进入台湾海峡的黑潮水，其影响也是十分微弱的。由等密度面、地转流分析和实测ADCP资料显示，在调查海区的东南海域存在一支较强的N向流动。它沿菲律宾西海岸北上，绕过吕宋岛西北角流向东北，在巴上海峡呈现与黑潮水混合的迹象，其水体在冬季明显呈高温、低盐的特性；夏季则为相对低温、低盐。故在冬季的几幅卫星图像上也有较好的体现，很有可能长年存在。     

Modified PIC Method for Sea Ice Dynamics

The sea ice cover displays various dynamical characteristics such as breakup, rafting, and ridging under external forces. To model the ice dynamic process accurately, the effective numerical modeling method should be established. In this paper, a modified particle-in-cell （PIC） method for sea ice dynamics is developed coupling the finite difference （FD） method and smoothed particle hydrodynamics （SPH）. In this method, the ice cover is first discretized into a series of lagrangian ice particles which have their own sizes, thicknesses, concentrations and velocities. The ice thickness and concentration at Eulerian grid positions are obtained by interpolation with the Gaussian function from their surrounding ice particles. The momentum of ice cover is solved with FD approach to obtain the Eulerian cell velocity, which is used to estimate the ice particle velocity with the Gaussian function also. The thickness and concentration of ice particles are adjnsted with particle mass density and smooth length, which are adjusted with the redistribution of ice particles. With the above modified PIC method, numerical simulations for ice motion in an idealized rectangular basin and the ice dynamics in the Bohai Sea are carried out. These simulations show that this modified PIC method is applicable to sea ice dynamics simulation.     

改进的直方图均衡化在遥感图像分类中的应用

遥感图像监督分类主要依据地物的光谱特征,具有很大的局限性.本文提出一种改进的直方图均衡化方法一均衡化后各像素灰度值调整,利用该方法对遥感图像进行处理,处理后的图像再进行监督分类.实验结果表明该方法直观、简明、处理速度快.并能取得较高的分类精度,具有一定的实用性.     

GPS技术遥感南极大气水汽含量的研究

随着各地GPS基准站网的逐步建立与完善,地基GPS气象学的应用在各地已逐渐普及,但在南极还很少涉及。南极的天气变化直接影响着全球的气候变化,对南极大气水汽含量的研究,可为全球气候研究提供参考。文中根据最佳组网方案解算出南极长城站的对流层天顶总延迟,利用改进的Hopfield模型及局部加权平均温度模型计算的转换系数计算了该站上空绝对可降水分,并与南极实际可降水分进行了对比分析,二者差异很小,说明了利用GPS数据解算南极高精度可降水分的方法是正确的。     

GPS数据解算对流层天顶总延迟探讨

文中运用GAMIT/GLOBK 软件,解算了南极长城站GPS接收机天线在不同的相位中心和使用不同星历情况下的天顶总延迟,分析了在不同条件下解算结果的差异,探讨了获取高精度的天顶总延迟和实时获取天顶总延迟的具体方法,为今后实现GPS精密定位和实时天气预报提供了依据.