Geochemistry of ophiolite cherts from the Qinling orogenic belt and implications for their tectonic settings

Since the 1980s, one of the important progresses in the study of the Qinling orogenic belt is marked by findings of numerous ophiolite zones[1—4]. On the basis of the former orogenic models of the Paleozoic colli-sional orogeny[1,5,6] and the Mesozoic collision[7—9], another orogenic evolution model from the Paleozoic subduction-collision along the Shangdan suture to the Mesozoic final collision orogeny along the Mianle suture[3,10], including the relicts of the Jining orogeny, has been pr…     

天山山区近40a年降水变化特征与南、北疆的比较

本文分析了天山山区近40 a来年降水变化的基本特征，并与南疆、北疆进行了比较，所得的主要结果如下：(1)天山山区在年降水量干湿变化阶段上与北疆的相似性强于南疆。(2)年降水量的空间分布的同步变化性以北疆为最好，南疆最差，天山山区居中，而年降水量的空间分布的反向变化性，以天山山区为最大，北疆最小，南疆居中。(3)天山山区与南疆从60年代到90年代，年降水均表现出了持续的增加的趋势，北疆年降水从60年代到90年代，除70年代外，不断增多。     

铝钛柱撑改性膨润土处理两种模拟废水的实验研究

以钠基膨润土为原料制备了铝钛无机柱撑、铝钛有机柱撑改性膨润土，确定了改性膨润土的最佳铝钛比和铝土比，并将其应用于模拟废水、化学实验室废水的处理。与原土进行比较，探讨了用量、pH值、搅拌时间等对COD去除率、色度去除率、浊度去除率的影响，通过正交实验对实验条件进行了优化。结果表明：有机柱撑改性膨润土、无机柱撑改性膨润土对废水的处理效果均明显好于原土，对废水色度、浊度的去除率均大于93％；对废水COD的去除效果，有机柱撑改性膨润土比无机柱撑改性膨润土有较大提高，去除率最高达66．31％，结果令人满意。     

凤县二里河铅锌矿床后续地质找矿探讨

通过对八方山一二里河铅锌矿床的成矿规律研究和对二里河铅锌矿的成矿地质条件的分析。认为在二里河背斜北翼深部存在着盲矿体；在背斜向东侧伏部位仍存在着向东侧伏延伸的铅锌矿体；在主背斜南侧存在着有利的成矿地质条件及矿致TEM物探异常。在对背斜北翼的坑探找矿工作中，发现了盲矿体，取得了明显的找矿效果，并获得了宝贵的找矿经验。     

落石堆积的结构特征与斜坡破坏型式之转换

在基岩山区和丘陵区，落石堆积的分布非常广泛、并可经长期积累而形成巨大规模。然而，因缺乏研究，它们(尤其是规模较大者)经常被误定成滑坡或崩塌堆积。为此，作者结合长江三峡工程和西部大开发的需要，采用天然模型勘测和岩相分析等多种方法对其进行了长期研究。结果认为：1．落石堆积(累积体)通常是在扩离-落石发育而崩塌、滑坡不发育的陡崖(坡)下形成，同时还需有较平坡面，便于落石停积而不易被重力和流水搬走的堆积场所；2．落石堆积的结构特征为：(1)前缘土体较密实且粒(块)径较小，后缘多大块石并常具架空结构；(2)不等粒系数普遍较大；(3)常有淤泥质和砂、卵石夹层或透镜体；(4)前缘可具向外陡倾的加积层理。基于此，水的潜蚀作用和地表水对前缘的集中冲刷常成为落石堆积变形破坏的主因；3．落石堆积的破坏型式为滑坡、泥石流或碎屑流；4．落石堆积的勘查应特别注意查明环境水文地质条件、储水结构及相关参数；其稳定性评价应首先分析不同工程活动影响下产生潜蚀的可能性；5．为防治斜坡失稳，首先应保护落石堆积的自稳结构和选用有防潜蚀功能的开放型措施；6．深入研究落石堆积，对沉积学和工程地质学也具有理论意义和实用价值。     

管井降水技术在多种含水介质基坑工程中的应用

结合蚌埠城市中心广场会展中心工程，介绍了管井降水技术在多种含水介质的复杂地质环境下的应用。     

无地面控制GPS辅助光束法区域网平差

介绍了在WGS-84坐标系中进行GPS辅助光束法区域网平差的基本原理以及利用大地水准面拟合方法实施大地高与正常高的变换方法。利用新疆库尔勒地区1：25000和1：50000实际航摄资料验证了理论与程序实现的正确性。试验结果表明，无地面控制GPS辅助光束法区域网平差可用于中小比例尺测图的加密，在WGS-84坐标系中可以获得较高的点定位精度，而在国家80坐标系下，利用大地水；隹面拟合前后的GPS摄站坐标进行GPS辅助光束法区域网平差，加密精度没有明显差异。     

The influence of land use change on karst water quality of Shuicheng Basin in Guizhou Province

The influence of land use and land cover on ecological environment is a focus of global change research. The paper chooses an industrial city-Shuicheng in Guizhou Province-as a study area because the karst water quality around the city is deteriorating with land use and land cover change. The natural susceptibility of karst water system is an important factor leading to karst water pollution. But land use and land cover change is also a main factor according to the chemical analysis of karst water quality and land use change. So it is a good way to protect karst water through rational planning and managing of land use and land cover.     

Correcting method of eddy covariance fluxes over non-flat surfaces and its application in ChinaFLUX

Although Eddy Covariance (EC) technique is one of the best methods for estimating the energy and mass exchanges between underlying surface and atmosphere in micrometeorology, errors and uncertainties still exist without necessary corrections. In this paper, we will focus on the effect of coordinate system on the eddy fluxes. Based on the data observed over four sites (one farmland site, one grassland site and two forest sites), the effects of three coordinate system transforming methods (Double Rotation-DR, Triple Rotation-TR and Planar Fit-PF)on the turbulent fluxes are analyzed. It shows that (i) the corrected fluxes are more or less than the uncorrected fluxes, which is related mainly to the sloping degree of surface, wind speed and wind direction; and (ii) pitch angle has a sinusoidal dependence on wind direction, especially in the regular sloping terrain; and (iii) PF method is something like the simplification of TR or DR,and there are not obvious distinctions in correction in sloping grassland and flat farmland, but PF method is not suitable for uneven and irregular forest sites.     

新疆阿尔泰造山带构造作用的锆石裂变径迹分析

在新疆阿尔泰造山带所获得的19个锆石裂变径迹年龄变化于155-243Ma之间，明显地分为2组，分别对应于2个构造活动期，早期为155-189Ma，晚期为189-243Ma。这与磷灰石裂变径迹年龄反映的62-100Ma和100-160Ma两个构造期完全一致。早期和晚期构造活动期持续的时间分别为54-60Ma和34-38Ma，而这两个构造期之间的间隔时间，则从早到晚由83-89Ma变为89-93Ma。同时，锆石裂变径迹年龄与距特斯巴汗断裂和巴寨断裂的距离有关，反映这两条断裂带对区域构造演化的控制作用。