碳纳米管和纳米二氧化钛复合光催化剂处理海洋柴油污染的研究

利用溶胶凝胶法自制了碳纳米管和纳米二氧化钛的复合光催化剂,采用投射电子显微镜和X光衍射仪对粉体的粒径、物象、形貌和热稳定性等进行表征。通过研究光照条件、催化剂的投加量、油的初始浓度、催化剂制备的煅烧条件等因素,考察了自制碳纳米管和纳米二氧化钛的复合催化剂对降解模拟海洋柴油污染的海水去除率的影响。研究发现,在可见光照条件下,400℃煅烧2 h的复合催化剂,投加量为0.4 g/L、柴油的初始浓度为0.6 g/L、反应的光照时间为4 h时效果最好,去除率可达到67.65%。     

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of A Ducted Propeller Designed by A Fully Automated Optimization Process Under Open Water Condition

A fully automated optimization process is provided for the design of ducted propellers under open water conditions, including 3D geometry modeling, meshing, optimization algorithm and CFD analysis techniques. The developed process allows the direct integration of a RANSE solver in the design stage. A practical ducted propeller design case study is carried out for validation. Numerical simulations and open water tests are fulfilled and proved that the optimum ducted propeller improves hydrodynamic performance as predicted.     

基于主成分分析的相对重力观测零漂和固体潮提取

利用主成分分析PCA提取2014-08-15~23CG-5相对重力仪静态相对观测的零点漂移和固体潮。结果显示,PCA提取的零点漂移值与最小二乘线性拟合结果非常一致,其差仅在10-2μGal/d量级;PCA估算的固体潮值与CG-5重力仪内部软件提供的固体潮模型计算值统计结果基本一致,两者之差均小于8μGal,均方根均小于5μGal。     

国外自发地理信息研究进展及对我国的启示

在内涵解析的基础上,主要从数据质量评估、贡献者分类与动机以及法律议题三方面归纳与梳理国外自发地理信息的研究情况。相比较而言,我国对自发地理信息的研究无论从深度还是广度上都处于起步阶段,未来研究应从四个方面深入开展:政府主导下的公众贡献自发地理信息;数据质量控制;移动自发地理信息以及自发地理信息涉及的法律议题。     

Effect of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Mechanical Properties and Permeability of Red Sandstone under Triaxial Compression

Geological disasters will happen in cold regions because of the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on rocks or soils, so studying the effects of these cycles on the mechanical characteristics and permeability properties of rocks is very important. In this study,red sandstone samples were frozen and thawed with 0,4, 8 and 12 cycles, each cycle including 12 h of freezing and 12 h of thawing. The P-wave velocities of these samples were measured, and the mechanical properties and evolution of the steady-state permeabilities were investigated in a series of uniaxial and triaxial compression tests. Experimental results show that, with the increasing of cyclic freeze-thaw times, the P-wave velocity of the red sandstone decreases. The number of freeze-thaw cycles has a significant influence on the uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and angle of internal friction. The evolution of permeability of the rock samples after cycles of freeze-thaw in a complete stress-strain process under triaxial compression is closely related to the variation of the microstructure in the rock. There is a highly corresponding relationship between volumetric strain and permeability with axial strain in all stages of the stress-strain behaviour.     

倾斜立体影像匹配若干问题研究

倾斜摄影技术是近年发展起来的一项高新技术.航空倾斜摄影系统颠覆了以往只能从垂直角度拍摄的局限,通过在同一飞行平台上搭载多台传感器,同时从垂直和倾斜角度采集影像,将用户引入了符合人眼视觉的真实直观世界,已成为当前获取空间信息的有效方式之一,在三维城市建设等领域有着独特的优势.由于在获取影像过程中传感器视角发生显著变化,导致影像间存在较大的几何和辐射畸变、同名区域遮挡等问题,加大了计算机自动确定同名特征的难度,直接导致了倾斜影像空三解算及地物空间信息提取相对传统航测影像更为困难.因此,研究倾斜立体影像的可靠自动匹配算法对推动倾斜航空摄影测量快速发展具有重要的理论和实用价值.     

厦门市自然资源一体化信息平台建设

为了更好地深化"放管服"改革,推动城市管理精细化和信息化,各地新组建的自然资源和规划管理部门面临着数据、业务以及平台融合的新挑战.以厦门市自然资源和规划部门业务研究为例,在深入调研的基础上,利用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)、云计算、移动互联等先进技术,构建自然资源一体化数据库,搭建自然资源一体化信息平台,实现审批业务"受理—审批"一体化管理、空间信息管理以及平台对接集成等功能,对推进自然资源和规划业务管理具有一定的参考意义.     

地形因子与小微地震相关度的空间异质性分析

针对传统最小二乘回归未能顾及数据的空间特性,且无法度量模型自变量与因变量相关性的空间变异特性的问题,本文提出利用地理加权回归方法分析小微地震频次与地形因子相关度的空间异质性。以四川地区的地震监测资料、DEM为实验数据,选取地形复杂度、坡度变率、坡向变率和地面曲率为自变量,地震发生频次为因变量,构建地理加权回归模型,并进行回归系数的空间变异分析。实验分析发现,地震频次与地形因子具有一定的相关性:地形复杂度与地震频次相关性最强;坡度变率、沟壑密度、剖面曲率与地震频次的相关性依次减弱;不同空间位置的地形因子和地震频次的相关性具有较明显的空间异质性。实验结果表明,地理加权回归可以有效地度量分析地震频次与地形因子相关度的空间异质性,研究结果可为地震及次生灾害的分析与预报提供辅助决策参考。     

《第一次全国地理国情普查地图集》设计与编制

《第一次全国地理国情普查地图集》是第一部综合反映中国地理国情基本特征的大型专题地图集,多尺度、多层次地展现了中国山、水、林、田、湖、草等地表自然要素以及房屋建筑区、铁路与道路等人文地理要素的地理位置与空间分布信息,是地理国情普查成果体系的重要组成部分。阐述了该地图集的内容设计与制图表达概况,重点介绍了该地图集设计思想、内容设计与组织、制图表达、装帧设计等方面的内容。该地图集可为政府与行业部门优化国土空间、建设生态文明、实施发展战略等工作提供基础资料和科学依据。     

The Asymmetry of Subsurface Temperature Anomalies Associated with ENSO in the Equatorial Western Pacific

The phenomenon of ENSO asymmetry has been recognized for many years, but most studies have focused on the asymmetry of surface temperature anomalies in the equatorial eastern Pacific. Here, the authors investigate the temperature asymmetry associated with ENSO in the subsurface of the western Pacific through analysis of observations and numerical experiments with an ocean GCM. Both the observation and simulation exhibit significant ENSO asymmetry, characterized by negative temperature skewness in the equatorial western Pacific and positive skewness in the eastern Pacific. Heat budget analysis reveals that nonlinear dynamical heating results in the positive temperature asymmetry in the equatorial eastern Pacific, but tends to weaken the negative temperature asymmetry in the equatorial western Pacific. The climatological meridional current transports the temperature anomalies and corresponding negative asymmetry from the off-equator region to the equator in the subsurface of the western Pacific. Through a sensitivity experiment with reversed wind stress forcing, the authors suggest that the skewness of the wind stress anomalies does not contribute to the negative temperature asymmetry in the western Pacific in the first-order approximation, while the internal nonlinear dynamics does play a key role. The study suggests that, as a result of nonlinear processes, the oceanic responses to anomalous wind stress are nonlinear and asymmetric in the tropical Pacific.