声波在水-多孔介质海底界面上的反射与透射

声波在海底界面的反射和透射是海底散射、海底混响、海底目标探测的重要问题。利用Biot多孔介质声传播理论对声波在水-多孔海底界面上的反射和透射进行了分析,具体给出反射声波的反射系数,3种透射声波的透射系数以及声能透射系数随入射波入射角和频率(10~40 kHz)的变化关系,分析了各种透射波对透射声能的贡献。多孔海底介质参数分别采用Stoll和Chotiros给出的2组参数进行理论计算。     

温度和盐度骤变条件下凡纳滨对虾的行为变化研究

以视频记录分析的方法,研究凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei在温度和盐度骤变条件下的运动行为、摄食行为及相关生理活动的变化。结果表明,当温度由29℃骤降至18和23℃时,对虾的活动频率、游走速度和颚舟片的摆动频率明显下降,索饵时间显著增加(p<0.05);当温度由29℃骤升至36℃时,对虾的活动频率、游走速度和颚舟片的摆动频率显著升高(p<0.05),索饵时间没有显著差异(p>0.05)。当盐度由30骤降至5和10时,对虾表现出强烈的逃避行为,活动频率、游走速度和颚舟片的摆动频率均显著升高(p<0.05),并且在观察时间内没有发生摄食行为。     

福建漳浦前湖湾有孔虫群落及其沉积环境

对福建漳浦前湖湾潮间带两个钻孔岩心和表层沉积物中的有孔虫进行分析研究,有孔虫出现在钻孔最上部厚约2.46-2.96m的砂层中.根据群落优势种生态和非种特征判断,该段各样品有孔虫沉积环境均为近岸浅水环境,尽管其间海面有过3次上下波动变化.根据地层关系判断,其当为现代的产物.     

一种灰树花菌丝体多糖GF4F1的结构特征及其抗肿瘤活性

以灰树花发酵菌丝体为原料，经过提取分离纯化得到1种水溶性多糖GF4F1，经高碘酸氧化、Smith降解、甲基化、红外光谱（IR）以及核磁共振波谱（NMR）等分析表明，该多糖是1种β-1, 3／1，6-葡聚糖，且小鼠体内实验结果表明其具有良好的抗肿瘤活性。在1mg／kg时，对小鼠抑制率为67.3％。     

大陆岩石圈在张裂和分离时的变形模式

通过对南海南北共轭边缘地壳剖面的对比研究,发现大陆岩石圈的物理性质是分层的：上、中地壳呈脆性,下地壳表现出塑性,而岩石圈上地幔则仍呈脆性。因此,在它受张性应力场作用时,其变形和破裂分离方式也是分层进行的：上、中地壳能发生犁式断裂,产生的断块沿断面转动在地表产生一系列半地堑,并使地壳厚度减薄;如拉张应力继续作用时,上、中地壳将沿犁式断裂被拉开,从而形成上、下板块边缘,并彼此分开。下地壳则发生塑性变形,使地壳厚度减薄,并最终将其拉断。岩石圈上地幔亦可产生陡倾断裂,形成的断块沿断面转动亦使其厚度减薄,并最终沿陡倾断裂被拉断。这就是我们称之为岩石圈变形和破裂分 离时的分层变形及分层破裂分离模式。     

96孔酶标板法测定中国对虾血淋巴上清液抗菌活力和酚氧化酶活性的初步研究

用96孔酶标板法测量单尾中国对虾血淋巴上清液抗菌（Uα）应力和过氧化酶活性。实验表明，该法具有以下优点：1）可测定大批单尾对虾血淋巴上清液的抗菌活力，酚氧化酶活性；2）所需对虾血淋巴上清液微量化；3）用酶标仪读取酶的活性，减少了不同试验者人为读数时的误差；4）重复性高。     

ISOLATION OF DNA FROM SEA URCHIN SPERM NUCLEI BY HYDROXYAPATITE CHROMATOGRAPHY

This article describes in detail the procedures in obtaining spermatids from living animals and in isolating sperm nuclei DNA by hydroxyapatite chromatography. The isolated DNA is free of RNAs and proteins after treatment with proteinase K, followed by chromatography on hydroxyapatite column which is eluted with stepwise-increased concentrations of potassium phosphate buffer. More than 89% of the DNA purified is found in the eluates of both 0.2 M and 0.25 M potassium phosphate buffer. The two fractions are identical in ultraviolet absorption spectrum. DNA molecules thus prepared should be useful for studying DNA structure and DNA replication by electron microscopy, since the length of the purified DNA molecules is in the range of the size of a replicating unit.     

不同软基处理方法适用性比较

总结分析了国内外现有的软土地基处理的各种方法。通过对采用不同方法进行软基处理的工程实例处理效果的定量对比，发现不同软基处理方法的适用性差异很大，多数工程中仅用一种方法很难达到设计要求，而两种或多种方法联合则可望取得更好的效果。     

In situ determination on food consumption and ecological conversion efficiency of a marine fish species, Hyporhamphus sajori

The food consumption and ecological conversion efficiency of a species marine pelagic andsmall size fish, Hyporhamphus sajori, were determined by using in situ stomach content method presented by Eggers. The results showed that: (1) the fish was taken in food all day, so empty-stomach rate was very low, taking up about 4.5% of the total determined fish number. However, the fish still has significant daily feeding rhythm. A feeding peak was found 0:00 o'clock at night, but feeding level was always high in the daytime; (2) relationship between instantaneous food content in stomach and corresponding time could be described as S_t = a ·e ~(-b ·t). There was not significant difference of instantaneous gastric evacuation rate between two determinations, with average value being 0.13 × 10~(-2)g/ (g·d) (wet weight); (3) the daily food consumption tended to change in irregular waving form, with average value being (10.16×l0~(-2)±1.19×l0~(-2) g/ (g·d) (wet weight) or (55.56 × 10~(-2) ±6.51 × 10~(-2) kJ/     

魁蚶线粒体16S rRNA和COI基因片段序列测定及其应用前景

魁蚶（Ｓｃａｐｈａｒｃａｂｒｏｕｇｈｔｏｎｉｉ）是蚶科贝类的一种大型经济种类，主要分布于我国、日本和朝鲜半岛及俄罗斯东南部沿海。在我国，主要分布于辽宁、河北和山东沿海，生活在３～５０ｍ（多为２０～３０ｍ）水深的软泥或泥沙质海底，是我国北方沿海重要的经济贝类之一。但但有有关关其其自自然然群群体体的的遗遗传传变变异异及及群群体体间间遗遗传传分分化化等等方方面面的的研研究究不不多多 ;;同同时时，，作作者者和和日日本本研研究究者者发发现现，，中中国国、、韩韩国国和和日日本本魁魁蚶蚶群群体体在在形形态态和…