豫西银家沟硫铁多金属矿床流体包裹体和同位素特征

河南省银家沟硫铁多金属矿床位于华北克拉通南缘华熊地块内,是东秦岭地区最大的硫铁多金属矿床,以其硫铁储量大及共、伴生元素复杂区别于东秦岭其他以钼为主的矿床.成矿的全过程可以划分为矽卡岩期、硫化物期和表生期,包括磁铁矿阶段、脉状石英-辉钼矿阶段、石英-黄铁矿-黄铜矿-斑铜矿-闪锌矿阶段、网脉状石英辉钼矿阶段、石英绢云母-黄铁矿阶段、方解石-方铅矿闪锌矿阶段和玉髓褐铁矿阶段.流体包裹体研究表明,银家沟矿床主要发育气液两相水溶液包裹体(W型)、含CO2三相包裹体(C型)和含子矿物多相包裹体(S型).钾长花岗斑岩的石英斑晶中流体包裹体均一温度介于341～＞550℃之间,盐度介于0.4％～44.0％ NaCl eqv之间,属H2O-NaCl-CO2体系;脉状石英-辉钼矿阶段流体包裹体均一温度介于382～416℃之间,盐度介于3.6％～40.8％ NaCl eqv之间,属H2O-NaCl体系;石英-方解石-黄铁矿黄铜矿-斑铜矿-闪锌矿阶段流体包裹体均一温度介于318～436℃之间,盐度介于5.6％～42.4％ NaCl eqv之间,属H2O-NaCl体系;网脉状石英-辉钼矿阶段流体包裹体均一温度介于321～411℃之间,盐度介于6.3％～16.4％ NaCl eqv之间,属H2 O-NaCl体系;石英-绢云母黄铁矿阶段流体包裹体均一温度介于326～419℃之间,盐度介于4.7％～49.4％ NaCl eqv之间,属H2O-NaCl体系.银家沟矿床成矿流体主要为高温、高盐度流体,总体上属于H2O-NaCl±CO2体系.成矿热液的δ18 OH2O值为4.0‰～8.6‰,δ18 Dv-SMOW值为-64‰～-52‰,表明成矿流体来自岩浆水.矿石金属硫化物的δ18 SV-CDT值介于-0.2‰～6.3‰之间,平均为1.6‰,具深源硫特征,硫主要来自分异很差的由火成物质组成的下地壳,官道口群白云岩亦提供了部分重硫.矿床金属硫化物的206 Pb/204 Pb值介于17.331～18.043之间,207 Pb/204 Pb值变化于15.444～15.575之间,208 Pb/204 Pb值变化于37.783～38.236之间,总体上与银家沟岩体的铅同位素范围一致,暗示铅主要来自矿区内的燕山期中酸性岩体,地层在成矿过程中亦提供了少量物质.银家沟矿床属斑岩-矽卡岩型,形成于中生代EW向构造体制向NNE向构造体制转变阶段,成矿流体多期次的沸腾作用是矿质沉淀的主要机制.     

内蒙古二连盆地砂岩型铀矿目的层赛汉组分段与铀矿化

近年在内蒙古二连盆地赛汉组中找到了可观的砂岩型铀矿资源。关于早白垩世赛汉组的分段没有统一的认识,严重影响了铀矿勘查工作的布置。利用石油、煤炭和核工业部门勘查钻孔岩性、测井曲线、综合编录、地震剖面等资料,结合古气候-颜色变化、沉积序列变化反映的沉积环境,将赛汉组划分为4段。赛汉组一段,主要为一套冲积扇(或扇三角洲)环境下的杂色粗碎屑岩组合。二段为一套凹陷中心灰色、黑色湖沼环境下的泥岩夹褐煤层,凹陷边缘为杂色扇三角洲粗碎屑岩,总体以黑色岩系组合为特征。三段为一套灰色、深灰色含砾粗砂岩、砂岩,侧向联通性较好的灰色岩系组合,形成于辫状河环境。四段为一套红色、黄色泥岩与砂岩互层的红色岩系或组合,沉积于曲流河环境。二连盆地马尼特坳陷中砂岩型铀矿形成于三段中,为侧向氧化成矿作用所致;而乌兰察布坳陷铀矿化定位于四段中,为垂向潜水氧化成矿作用所造成,一段和二段目前还没有找到有价值的铀矿化。     

Late Paleozoic Fluid Systems and Their Ore-forming Effects in the Yuebei Basin, Northern Guangdong, China

Based on detailed and systematic researches of the geology of ore deposits, fluid inclusions and isotope geochemistry etc., and regarding the Late Paleozoic fluid system of the Yuebei Basin as an integrated object in this paper, we have revealed the temporo-spatial evolution law of the basin＇s fluid system and discussed its ore-forming effects by simulating and analyzing the distribution of ore-forming elements, the fluid thermodynamics and dynamics of evolution processes of this basin. The results show that Late Paleozoic ore-forming fluid systems of the Yuebei Basin include four basic types as follows. （1） The sea floor volcanic-exhalation system developed during the rapid basin slip-extension stage in the Mid-Late Devonian, which affected the Dabaoshan region. It thus formed the Dabaoshan-type Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sea floor volcanic-exhalation sedimentary deposits. （2） The compaction fluid system developed during the stable spreading and thermal subsidence-compression stage of the basin in the Mid-Late Devonian. The range of its effects extended all over the whole basin. It resulted in filling-metasomatic deposits, such as the Hongyan-type pyrite deposits and pyrite sheet within the Fankou-type Cu-Pb-Zn-S deposits. （3） The hot water circulation system of sea floor developed during the stage of basin uplifting and micro-aulacogen from the late Late Carboniferous to Middle Carboniferous. The range of its effects covered the Fankou region. It thus formed MVT deposits, such as the main orebody of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn-S deposits. （4） The gravity fluid system developed during the stage of fold uplifting and the basin closed from Middle Triassic to Jurassic, forming groundwater hydrothermal deposits, e.g. the veinlet Pb-Zn-calcite orebodies of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn- S deposits. Migration and concentration of the ore-forming fluids were constrained by the state of temporo-spatial distribution of its fluid potential. Growth faults not only converged the fluids and drove them to move upwards, but also the fluids often crossed the faults to the edges of the basin at the bottom of these faults and the lithologic interfaces, and even migrated to the basin＇s edges from top to bottom along the faults, which may be one of the basic reasons for the stratabound deposits to cluster mainly along the contemporaneous faults on the inner border of the basin. The superposed mineralization resulting from the multi-stage activity of contemporaneous faults and ore-forming fluid systems in the basin may be one of the key factors for forming superlarge ore deposits.     

地质勘探过程中煤层气联测氢气方法

瓦斯的危害和煤层气的利用,不断在推进着瓦斯地质理论、煤层气开发利用技术的进步和发展。在以往的诸多研究中,不论是防治瓦斯的危害还是着眼于煤层气的利用,甲烷都是研究的重点。但是,除甲烷之外,还有没有其它影响或控制瓦斯危害和煤层气利用的组分或因素呢？煤层气（瓦斯）联测氢气的方法和应用研究,就是循着这一思路而做的探索性工作。     

新疆阿合奇地区晚石炭世-早二叠世筵类动物群

在塔里木盆地西北缘的阿合奇地区晚石炭世-早二叠世地层中发现大量的筵类化石,共计18属61种,另有较多未定种,自下而上建立了4个筵带,依次为Pseudostaffella带、Profusulinella带、Fusulinella—Fusulina带和Pseudoschwagerma带。各篷带与华南、帕米尔达尔瓦兹等地能很好的对比,且筵类动物群面貌与华南地区相似。根据筵类化石确定别根他乌组为晚石炭世早中期罗苏期-达拉期,康克林组为晚石炭世晚期小独山期一早二叠世紫松期,将该区石炭系、二叠系的界线置于71层底部。石炭纪末期区域上海退和古地形的影响导致筵带Triticites带的缺失。     

Intensified Eastward and Northward Propagation of Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation over the Equatorial Indian Ocean in a Global Warming Scenario

Northward propagation in summer and eastward propagation in winter are two distinguished features of tropical intraseasonal oscillation(TISO) over the equatorial Indian Ocean.According to numerical modeling results,under a global warming scenario,both propagations were intensified.The enhanced northward propagation in summer can be attributed to the enhanced atmosphere-ocean interaction and the strengthened mean southerly wind;and the intensified eastward propagation in winter is associated with the enhanced convection-wind coupling process and the strengthened equatorial Kevin wave.Future changes of TISO propagations need to be explored in more climate models.     

华家岭2008年电线积冰的变化特征与气象条件分析

利用华家岭气象站不同高度、不同方向、不同导线直径的电线积冰观测资料,分析了电线积冰在不同高度、不同方向、不同导线的变化特征,以及与气温、水汽压、风速等气象要素的关系。分析表明,电线积冰量随高度增加而增加,随电线直径增大而增大;在相同高度、相同导线上,不同方向的积冰量与风向有关。电线积冰量与水汽压、风速分别呈正相关和反相关。在一定阈值内,电线积冰量和气温存在较好的相关性。     

GPM双频降水测量雷达对降雪的探测能力分析

以双频降水测量雷达为主载荷的GPM卫星于2014年2月发射升空。由于轨道倾角以及仪器通道的设置,大大提升了对弱降水和降雪的探测能力。通过四次降雪个例,分析比较了双频降水测量雷达的三种扫描模式(Ku,KaMS和KaHs)对降雪探测能力的差异。结果表明:DPR相态产品和地面实际观测结果比较一致,固态降雪温度-0.5℃并且降雪发生时的风暴顶高度大多6 km。Ku波段雷达由于仪器灵敏度的大幅提高.对降雪的综合探测能力最强,而KaMs和KaHS也具有特定的作用。此外,为了保证衰减订正的精度,和非降雪部分的衰减相比,需要主要提高降雪衰减尤其是混合相态湿雪的衰减订正精度。     

面向对象的高分遥感影像信息提取技术研究

以World View-2高分遥感影像数据为例,采用规则集开发的模式进行地图要素提取,对主要制图要素图像进行了分割、分类试验,实现了多尺度分割的层次构建和制图地物要素分级分类。     

脉冲星时间尺度及其TOA预报初步分析

在简述国际天文学会(IAU)定义的几种不同时间尺度的基础上,重点讨论脉冲星计时观测中时间坐标相对论转换问题。脉冲星计时观测资料分析应该参考地球时TT,并将TT转换为质心坐标时TCB或质心力学时TDB。基于IAU重新定义的TDB,讨论和比较了时间坐标转换的解析算法和利用太阳系天体历表的数值积分算法。分析了TCB和TDB对脉冲星自转参数测量的影响。最后,以毫秒脉冲星PSR B1855+09的计时模型为例,初步分析了脉冲星脉冲到达时间的预报问题。