OBITUARY NOTE ON MR.S.W.WANG

The untimely death of Mr.S.W.Wang on Feb.10th 1936 iscertainly a serious loss to the Chinese geology.Although his name is notso well known as others in the geological circle,Mr.Wang has indeedmade remarkable contribution to the study of Chinese crystals and     

UPPER CAMBRIAN OF KAIPING BASIN.

The Cambrian of China is developed in Yunnan, Shantung, Chihliand Manchuria. The first collection of Cambrian fossils was made by VonRichthofen and described by Dames and Kayser. Dames studied thetrilobites and Kayser described the brachiopods.     

An Outline of the Geological Structure of the Western Hills of Peiping

As a pioneer worker in almost every phase of the Chinese geology,the late Dr. V. K. Ting was also a pioneer and enthusiastic worker inthe geology of the Western Hills. It was due to his noble effort andsupervision that the first systematic investigation of 1916 was carried out     

Analysis of karst aquifer spring flows with a gray system decomposition model

There are approximately 470,000 km(2) of karst aquifers that feed many large springs in North China. Turbulent flow often exists in these karst aquifers, which means that the classical ground water model based on Darcy's law cannot be applied here. Ground water data are rare for these aquifers. As a consequence, it is difficult to quantitatively investigate ground water flow in these karst systems. The purpose of this study is to develop a parsimonious model that predicts karst spring discharge using gray system theory. In this theory, a white color denotes a system that is completely characterized and a black color represents a system that is totally unknown. A gray system thus describes a complex system whose characteristics are only partially known or known with uncertainty. Using this theory, we investigated the karst spring discharge time series over different time scales. First, we identified three specific components of spring discharge: the long-term trend, periodic variation, and random fluctuation. We then used the gray system model to simulate the long-term trend and obtain periodic variation and random fluctuation components. Subsequently, we developed a predictive model for karst spring discharge. Application of the model to Liulin Springs, a representative example of karst springs in northern China, shows that the model performs well. The predicted results suggest that the Liulin Springs discharge will likely decrease over time, with small fluctuations.     

东海近3.5万年来古海洋环境变化的分子生物标志物记录

结合ＡＭＳ~（１４）Ｃ测年及浮游有孔虫δ~（１８）Ｏ和δ~（１３）Ｃ资料，分别利用Ｕ_（３７）~Ｋ，∑Ｃ_（２１）~－／∑Ｃ_（２２）～＋和Ｐｒ／Ｐｎ恢复了近３．５万年来冲绳海槽的古海洋环境变化．结果表明，近３．５万年来，冲绳海槽经历了７次较强的气候变冷事件（Ｃ１～Ｃ７）和９次陆源物质减少事件（ｅ１～ｅ９），其中的Ｇ１相当于全新世中晚期冷事件，Ｃ２～Ｃ４和Ｃ７分别相当于Ｈ１～Ｈ４事件，ｅ１，对应于海水表层温度ＳＳＴ的降低．Ｈ事件发生时，陆源物质供应显示增加的趋势．气候变冷导致河流输运陆源物质的能力减小，冬季风输运陆源物质的能力增强，Ｈ事件与东亚冬季风密切相关末次盛冰期（２５．８～１５．５ｋａＢＰ）还原环境发生剧烈波动，强还原事件（Ｒ１～Ｒ３）对应于ＳＳＴ的降低和陆源营养物质的增加，而弱还原事件（Ｏ）对应于陆源营养物质的减少．还原环境的变化与表层生产力密切相关．     

A Comparlson between North Shensi basin&Szechuan basin

One of the most conspicuous feature in Chinese geomorphology is the similardevelopment of some topographic forms such as basins, plateaus etc. betweenthe north and the south China. The basin of North Shensi in the north and     

THE FLOODS AND DROUGHTS OF THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY AND THEIR PREDICTIONS

During Ching dynasty from 1644 to 1911, an interval of 268 years, there occurred in the lower Yangtze valley 197 floods and 156 droughts. The most serious droughts came in 1785, 1814, and 1856; and the most disastrous floods in 1680, 1823     

行道树研究——城市生物地理学的课题

导言城市自然地理学的研究在气候学、地貌学和水文学方面已经有很大进展。但是,地理学家对于城市生物区系的研究尚未给予应有的注意。极其丰富多彩的城市植物区系,它与同样是变化多端的生境的联系,以及——更重要地——城市植物区系显著的空间变化,为地理探索提供了有价值的、富于创造性的课题。世界许多地区日益城市化的人类种群以及随之而来的与自然界的隔离,要求在城市区域加强生物学研究。人与环境的相互作用这一地理学的基本课题,在城市植被中鲜明地体现出来。     

A WIND-DRIVEN YELLOW SEA WARM CURRENT?

Observations of current velocity, pressure, and temperature in the eastern Yellow Sea during January 10 to April 12, 1986, and geostrophic winds calculated from surface pressure distributions, are analyzed for a study of the synoptic band response of the Yellow Sea to the wintertime winds. Currents in shallow coastal waters along a straight portion of the coast are mostly downwind to the south. Along the northern coast sheltered by a large bay, the current is persistently northward. This could be the result of a domination by geostrophic currents associated with an offshore-directed density gradient which is known to form in areas around this location. In the Yellow Sea trough, strong upwind flows are found to follow closely surges in the north wind. Co-spectral analyses show that these events are driven by a longitudinal pressure gradient associated with the sea-level set-up along the west coast of South Korea under a prevailing north wind.