Effects of spatio-temporal and environmental factors on distribution and abundance of wintering anchovy Engraulis japonicus in central and southern Yellow Sea

We investigated the spatio-temporal and environmental factors that affect the distribution and abundance of wintering anchovy and quantifi es the infl uences of these factors. Generalized additive models(GAMs) were developed to examine the variation in species distribution and abundance with a set of spatiotemporal and oceanographic factors, using data collected by bottom trawl surveys and remote sensing in the central and southern Yellow Sea during 2000–2011. The fi nal model accounted for 28.21% and 41.03% of the variance in anchovy distribution and abundance, respectively. The results of a two-step GAM showed that hour, longitude, latitude, temperature gradient(TGR), and chlorophyll a(Chl- a) concentration best explained the anchovy distribution(presence/absence) and that a model including year, longitude, latitude, depth, sea surface temperature(SST), and TGR best described anchovy abundance(given presence). Longitude and latitude were the most important factors affecting both distribution and abundance, but the area of high abundance tended to be east and south of the area where anchovy were most likely to be present. Hour had a signifi cant effect on distribution, but year was more important for anchovy abundance, indicating that the anchovy catch ratio varied across the day but abundance had an apparent interannual variation. With respect to environmental factors, TGR and Chl- a concentration had effects on distribution, while depth, SST, and TGR affected abundance. Changes in SST between two successive years or between any year and the 2000–2011 mean were not associated with changes in anchovy distribution or abundance. This fi nding indicated that short- and long-term water temperature changes during 2000–2011 were not of suffi cient magnitude to give rise to variation in wintering anchovy distribution or abundance in the study area. The results of this study have important implications for fi sheries management.     

中国遗迹学研究十年进展

近十年来,中国遗迹学的研究取得许多新进展和新认识,重要成果概述如下:(1)在显生宙海相和过渡相沉积中新识别出84个遗迹属和211个遗迹种,新建28种遗迹组合及26种遗迹组构;在中生代和新生代陆相冲积扇、河流与湖泊沉积中识别出44个遗迹属和107个遗迹种,新建22种遗迹组合及10种遗迹组构;(2)论述了寒武纪底质革命对早...     

Application of wellhead suction anchor technology in the second production test of natural gas hydrates in the South China Sea

Traditional suction anchor technology is mainly used in the fields of subsea structure bearing foundations,single-point mooring systems and offshore wind power. It is characterized by providing sufficient lateral and vertical bearing capacities and lateral bending moment. The anchor structure of a traditional suction anchor structure is improved with wellhead suction anchor technology, where a central pipe is added as a channel for drilling and completion operations. To solve the technical probl...     

黑河甘肃段浮游植物群落结构演变趋势

为探究西北干旱区内陆河流域水生态系统时空演变规律,2017年7月对黑河甘肃段进行了浮游植物的采样调查,并收集1981、1997、2008年浮游植物夏季调查数据,分析黑河上中下游浮游植物物种、生物多样性和优势种等群落结构的演变特征,同时提出生物活动力指标以表征河流生物的活动能力和活跃程度.结果 表明:在空间分布上,黑河中...     

黄土高原南部全新世古土壤的沉积序列

Optically stimulated luminescence （OSL） dating for polymlneral fine-grained loess samples, collected in Laoguantai （LGT） section on the south of the Chinese Loess Plateau, was made by application of single-aliquot regenerative-dose （SAR） protocol. A ＇Double-SAW procedure in which aliquots are subjected to both infrared （IR） and blue stimulations was used and two sets of equivalent dose （De） determinations were produced and assumed to relate predominantly to feldspathic and quartz fine grain populations respectively, The OSL ages estimated from IRSL signals are smaller than those estimated from [post-IR] OSL signals due to the anomalous fading of feldspar IR signals, based on fading experiment, The young ages of the samples near ground surface may be originated from the post-depositional disturbance by the intensifying humanity＇s cultivation since 3.0 ka BP in the Guanzhong Basin, south of the Chinese Loess Plateau. Based on OSL dating, as well as field observations and stratigraphic correlation, we determine the chronology of the LGT Ioess-paleosol sequence. In combination with climate proxy records, it is indicated that aeolian loess deposition and pedogenesis underwent polyphase changes during the Holocene, likely to have been driven by shifts in the East Asian monsoon. This suggests that aeolian loess deposition is episodic and highly variable, with contributions from non-aeolian processes such as alluvial deposition found in the area.     

弱震区断层泥ESR定年的适应性研究——以杭州地区为例

在杭州地区,根据系统采集的萧山——球川断裂、孝丰——三门湾断裂和昌化——普陀断裂的断层泥ESR年龄,以及地层的光释光年龄的统计分析表明,对同一断层同一段而言,断层泥ESR年龄大于地层光释光所给出的断层最后一次活动时代,并不能反映杭州地区各个断裂最后一次活动时代,而是反映了断裂历次较强活动的历史. 在距今100——58万年,各断裂均有活动;58——45万年断裂活动性减弱;45——20万年仅萧山——球川断裂活动;10万年以来杭州地区整体处于弱地震背景. 以孝丰——三门湾断裂为界,萧山——球川断裂第四纪的活动具有鲜明的分段性.      

储层宏观非均质性研究——以吉林油田大208区黑帝庙油田为例

储层非均质性是影响油气藏中油、气、水渗流及油气采收率的主要内因。进行储层非均质研究,对查明油藏剩余油分布、采取合理注采措施、提高采收率显得十分必要。以吉林油田大208区黑帝庙油层三角洲前缘亚相储层为例,采用隔夹层识别对比、沉积微相分析、地质统计学系数和劳伦兹系数方法分析了层间、层内和平面非均质性。研究表明：黑帝庙油层发育3套稳定隔层,据此可划分为3套开发层系; 夹层在各单砂体中比较发育,应将夹层分割的注采井归为不同注采井网; 非均质性受沉积微相影响明显,水下分流河道和河口坝微相的非均质性最强; 地质统计学参数和劳伦兹系数研究表明,黑帝庙油层10个单砂体均为极强的非均质性,统计学参数往往偏离强非均质标准甚远,而劳伦兹参数值分布于0～1间,更能直观定量的表现出储层宏观非均质性强弱。     

鲁西中生代幔枝构造及其金矿化

文章在收集岩石学、岩石化学、同位素地质学、构造地质学和地球物理学等资料的基础上，采用多学科相结合、相互验证和综合分析的方法，论述了鲁西中生代地质特征和金矿床形成的关系。研究表明：鲁西地区中生代为典型的幔枝构造，它是华北地幔亚热柱的次级构造单元。鲁西幔枝构造由核部岩浆-变质杂岩、外围盖层拆离滑脱层和上叠构造断陷-火山盆地3个单元组成。在上叠构造断陷-火山盆地单元内，广泛分布幔源岩浆岩，包括中基性到碱性的侵入岩、富钾火山岩和煌斑岩；同时，由于幔枝构造的上隆，形成了与之相配套的放射状和环状断裂体系。结合前人中生代岩浆活动的年龄数据，提出了鲁西中生代幔枝构造的活动经历了早侏罗世和早白垩世2个高潮期。按照构造控矿的特征，鲁西幔枝构造中的金矿床可分为韧性剪切带型和外围拆离滑脱层型两种。     

黑河中游地区湿草地蒸散量试验研究

干旱区湿草地蒸散量的估算对区域草地生态环境建设、草场的科学管理和湿地保护等具有重要的意义.但目前为止,对湿草地蒸散的观测和研究非常少.以气象观测资料为基础,采用不同的方法估算了黑河中游湿草地的参考作物蒸散量(ET₀),并对5种方法计算结果进行了对比.结果表明,除Priestley-Taylor法外,其余几种方法计算结果十分接近,相关性好.用FAO Penman-Monteith公式计算结果对ET₀的变化作了分析:在一个完整年度内,试验地ET₀为1193.9mm,日均3.26mm·d^-1.在牧草不同生长季节,ET₀变化剧烈,非生长期、生长初期、生长中期、生长末期分别为0.92mm·d^-1、2.13mm·d^-1、5.33mm.d^-1和2.52mm·d^-1,其蒸散量分别占全年蒸散总量的7.85%、5.02%、70.90%和16.23%.ET₀在2月中下旬迅速增大,4月增大幅度最大,此后进一步增大直到7月达到最大,随后逐步减小,在11月中旬随着牧草生长期的结束降至年最低值.确定了牧草非生长期、生长初期、生长中期、生长末期的K_c分别为0.30、0.40、0.90和0.88,计算的牧草地年实际蒸散量为962.0mm,日均2.63mm·d^-1.     

中牟凹陷的构造特征及其生成演化

中牟凹陷边界断裂"左行走滑拉分"是中牟凹陷形成的主导因素,从中生代(侏罗纪)到早第三纪,沉积中心由北向南迁移,凹陷内的南部凹陷为南断北超的"箕"形凹陷,具有西深、东浅的特征,其演化主要分为三期:侏罗纪左行走滑拉分盆地发育期,早第三纪断陷期,晚第三纪、第四纪为坳陷期。