A multi-index coupling system of ice slope stability and its application

Based on the Simplified Bishop Method, the minimum safety factor of ice slope both with and without tension cracks is calculated in combination with triaxial compression tests. It is found that there exists a critical depth for each crack. Then, factors influencing ice slope stability such as slope ratio, slope height, ice cohesion, internal friction angle, unit weight and temperature were analyzed. Meanwhile, a regression equation between the aforementioned factors and safety factor is obtained, with which sensitivity analysis is carried out. The performance function is built in combination with random distribution of physical and mechanical parameters to analyze the reliability index. The Advanced First Order Second Moment Method is employed on the solution to the performance function. The one-way coupling system of ice slope stability is therefore formed based on safety factor and reliability index. Finally, an illustrated example of ice slope is provided, which shows that failure probability is relatively high, up to 6.18%, although safety factor is 2.77. Thus, it is objective and reasonable to apply the coupled system method to the slope stability rating.     

Geochemistry of the ophiolite and island-Arc volcanic rocks in the Mianxian-Lueyang suture zone, southern Qinling and their tectonic significance

Ultrabasic rocks in the Mianxian-Lueyang ophiolitic melange zone include harzburgite and dunite which exhibit LREE depletion with remarkable positive Eu anomaly.The diabase dike swarm shows LREE enrichment but slightly negative Eu anomaly.Metamorphosed volcanic rocks can be divided into two groups in terms of their REE geochemistry and trace element ratios of Ti/V,Th/Ta,Th/Yb and Ta/Yb.One is ths MORB-type basalt with LREE depletion,representing the fragments of oceanic crust and implying an association of the MORB-type ophiolite and an ancient ocean basin between the Qinling and Yangtze plates during the Middle Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic era.The oter comprises the island-arc volcanic rocks including tholeiitic basalt and a large amount of calc-alkaline intermediate-acic volcanic rock,which could not be the component of the ancient oceanic crust but the result of magmatism at the continental margin.This indicates that the Mianxian-Lueyang limited ocean basin had undergone a whole process of development,evolution and vanishing from Devonian-Cretaceous to Permian.And the Qinling area had becone an independent lithospheric microplate,on the southern side of which there were exhibited the tectonic characteristics of active continental margins during the Late Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic.That is to say.the Qinling cannot be simply considered as a result of collision between the Yangtze and North China plates.     

Post-collisional plutonism with adakitic signatures： The Triassic Yangba granodiorite （Bikou terrane,northern Yangtze Block）

The post-collisional Yangba granodiorite intruded into the Bikou metasedimentary-volcanic group, southern Mianlue Suture, central China. The host granodiorites contain many mafic microgranular enclaves which have acicular apatite, phenocrysts of host granodiorites, implying that the enclaves have been incorporated as magma globules into host granodioritic magma and undergone rapid cooling. The variation trends of major and trace elements between enclaves and host rocks suggest a mixing and mingling process with respect to their petrogenesis. The mafic microgranular enclaves are characterized by shoshonite with SiO2≤〈63%, σ （4.54-6.18）〉3.3, high K2O content （4.22%-6.04%）, K2O/Na2O〉1; in the K2O-SiO2 diagram, all the samples plot in the shoshonite field, which are enriched in LILE and LREE, with obvious Nb, Ta negative anomalies, indicating a subducting fluid-metasomatised mantle source. Zircon LA-ICP-MS dating of the granodiorites yielded an age of 215.4±8.3 Ma, indicating they were formed during the late-orogenic or post-collisional stage （≤242±21 Ma） of the South Qinling Mountain Belt. The host granodiorites have many close compositional similarities to high-silica adakites from supra-subduction zone setting, but tend to have a higher concentration of K2O （3.22%-3.84%） and Mg^#. Chondrite-normalized rare-earth element patterns are characterized by high ratios of （La/Yb）N, the extreme HREE depletion and a lack of significant Eu anomalies. In conjunction with the high abundances of Ba and Sr as well as the low abundances of Y and HREE, these patterns suggest a feldspar-poor, garnet ± amphibole-rich fractionation mineral assemblage. High Mg^# values demonstrate that the host granodiorites were contaminated by enclave magma. On a whole, integrated geological and geochemical studies suggested the Yangba granodiorites and their mafic microgranular enclaves resulted from mixing of enriched mantle-derived shoshonitic magma and thickened lower crust-derived felsic magma. In combination w     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组富铀凝灰岩地球化学特征及形成机制

本文系统地研究了鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组凝灰岩元素和同位素地球化学特征。结果表明:凝灰岩主量元素具有高K、高Al、Si中等至高、低Na的特征;REE总体特征为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,∑REE在48.57～402.12μg/g之间变化,Eu呈现出负异常,在0.34～0.82内变化,δCe范围在0.80～2.08之间;微量元素中U含量在3.12～144μg/g之间,Ba、U、Th、Hf和Ce呈明显正异常,Nb、P、Ti和Rb呈现负异常。详细的分析表明:U的富集和一些微量元素如Ta、Dy、Lu等相关,Th与∑REE存在明显的正相关性,这些变化可能和盆地中铀矿的富集有关;凝灰岩的硫同位素总体呈现深源特征。根据以上的研究对凝灰岩的形成原因及形成环境进行了探讨。鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组凝灰岩来源于秦岭造山带火山作用,其中的铀元素富集是由于砂岩型铀矿中铀向凝灰岩迁移而被还原所致。本研究对盆地砂岩型铀矿的铀运移和富集机理认识具有一定指导意义。     

内蒙古正镶白旗碎斑熔岩长石特征及其岩石学意义

正镶白旗碎斑熔岩是一种特殊成因的火山岩,是岩浆沿火山通道侵出地表的产物。碎斑熔岩中钾长石主要为低透长石、高正长石、中正长石和中正微长石;斜长石则以更长石为主,其有序度低,指示了岩石高温火山成因的特征。从岩体边缘相到中心相至根部相,长石类型、化学成分和有序度具有一定的变化规律,反映了岩体不同岩相带成岩条件的差异性。     

黑龙江省羊鼻山铁钨矿床中钨矿成因及物质来源

黑龙江省双鸭山市羊鼻山铁钨矿床处于中亚造山带东段的佳木斯地块中部。兴东群大盘道组变质岩系为矿区主要赋矿地层,铁矿矿体呈层状、似层状赋存于大盘道组第一岩段,白钨矿矿体呈透镜状和脉状产于铁矿矿体底板围岩中,受片麻状花岗岩与大盘道组大理岩的接触带控制;主要含矿岩石为石榴石矽卡岩和透辉石矽卡岩,钨矿石中主要金属矿物为磁黄铁矿和白钨矿,并含少量磁铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、闪锌矿、锡石、毒砂和辉钼矿。含钨石英脉中δ¹⁸O_水值为3.6‰~7.5‰,δD值为-120.9‰~-66.2‰,表明其成矿流体以岩浆水为主。矽卡岩中与白钨矿共生的金属硫化物δ³⁴S值为16.1‰~18.1‰,²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为17.879~18.863,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为15.537~15.603,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb值为38.202~38.544,表明金属硫化物中的硫和铅主要来源于地层与地壳重熔型岩浆。结合钨矿成矿地质特征,认为羊鼻山铁钨矿床中钨矿的成因类型应属矽卡岩型。     

地方感的塑造与乡村治理：潮汕宗祠案例

采用网络资料收集、深度访谈和问卷调查等方法,对潮汕宗祠的地方意义、情感互动和内生效用展开分析,探讨了潮汕宗祠对地方感的塑造作用及其与乡村治理的内在关联。研究发现,潮汕宗祠作为同姓宗亲地域联系和情感连结的物质空间载体,通过其蕴含的地方文化、宣传展演和节庆活动等构建乡村地域的情感依恋与价值认同,进而形成地方依恋和地方认同。此外,潮汕宗祠通过建筑的形式扎根于地方,并作为乡村地域的异质性空间重构着乡村的地方性,并赋予乡村空间更多的文化内涵,以塑造乡村主体的共同价值和情感认同。诚然,潮汕宗祠的地方意义是通过多主体的共同缔造来实现的,以历史文化、个体记忆和物质资本等塑造自身的地方、民族的地方和跨界的地方。研究基于地方感和乡村治理的视角,强调物质文化载体的社会建构作用,探索乡村文化空间与乡村治理的互动,在实证层面回应了文化治理的积极意义。就现实意义而言,文章通过对潮汕宗祠地方性和根植性的讨论,旨在为乡村文化空间的营造、文化自信的建立和乡村治理提供一定的参考价值。     

基于Oracle 10g Spatial的空间栅格数据的存储与管理

深入地研究和分析了Oracle 10g Spatial中新增的栅格数据的存储和管理机制,包括其采用的数据模型、元数据管理机制、栅格金字塔策略及物理存储结构等。在实验中给出了一个比较典型的对栅格数据进行存储和管理的操作示例。同时,指出了Oracle提供的栅格数据上载工具存在的局限性,并针对该局限性提出了一种简单有效的解决方案。     

北京东部地区地面沉降发育特征分析

结合区域地质背景条件,利用水准测量、分层标地层变形、地下水位动态等监测数据,对北京东部地区地面沉降的发育特征与发展变化规律进行了分析研究。该区域的地面沉降与地下水开采具有显著相关性,深部地层仍是沉降的主要贡献层位;沉降中心地下水具有明显的分层变化规律,深层承压水明显的水位降落漏斗,直接导致深部地层沉降压缩最为显著;地面沉降的区域分布、沉降速率变化与地下水降落漏斗具有一定的时空相关性;南水北调的稳定供水,有效缓解了北京地面沉降快速发展的趋势。     

A residual force finite element approach to soil–structure interaction analysis

An iterative process based upon a hybrid ‘residual force’ method is presented for solving elasto–plastic soil–structure interaction problems. In this approach the soil and the structure are treated as separate bodies and related only by compatibility of displacements and equilibrium of forces at the soil–structure interface. This scheme enables a significant improvement in numerical stability and rate of convergence over the conventional initial stress method. It is also shown that various interface conditions such as shear failure, slip and breakaway, and frictional and dilatant behaviour can be readily accounted for. Some practical aspects associated with the proposed scheme are emphasized for a number of numerical examples.