Distinction Between Oil Expulsion History and Gas Expulsion History

The process of organic matter transformation into oil and gas is also a balance process of hydrocarbon transformation. This article probes to distinguish the oil expulsion history from gas expulsion history based on the hydrocarbon generation, hydrocarbon residual, and hydrocarbon expulsion processes of the source rocks. In this method, the first step is to study the hydrocarbon expulsion rate by means of hydrocarbon generation potential method; the second step is to study the oil generation rate by means of the heating–pressuring experiment method; the third step is to study the oil residual rate by means of the mathematical method. The difference between the values of oil generation rate and oil residual rate is defined as the oil expulsion rate, while that between the values of hydrocarbon expulsion rate and the gas expulsion rate is defined as the gas expulsion rate. Then, combined with the geological parameters of source rocks, the oil and gas expulsion history can be obtained. This study on Es₁ Source rocks, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China shows that the primary expulsion period of Es₁ source rocks is Guantao–Minghuazhen period.     

2008年2月24日大～暴雪天气过程分析

针对长治市2008年2月24日大～暴雪天气过程,从500hPa环流形势、700hPa影响系统、地面气压场、物理量场的相对湿度垂直空间分布、Fy-2c云图演变特征进行了综合分析,给出了该次大～暴雪的主要成因,为今后强降雪预报提供重要参考。     

长江上游夏季径流量年际增量预测模型及检验

基于1980-2020年长江上游夏季径流量、降水和气温等资料,采用小波分析、最优子集回归等方法,分析径流量、降水量和气温的变化关系,探讨引发径流量变化的前兆气候异常信号,并构建径流量年际增量预测模型.结果 表明:径流量多寡直接取决于流域总降水量,两者表现出显著的准两年周期振荡特征,年际增量之间的相关系数(TCC)为0....     

腾格里沙漠南缘末次冰消期气候不稳定性记录

通过对红水河剖面元素地球化学和孢粉以及地层岩性的分析,在讨论了沉积地层连续性和记录完整性的基础上,重建了腾格里沙漠南缘末次冰消期的气候环境演变序列。结果表明,沉积物中Ca,Fe,Mg,K,Na和Mn等元素含量的变化以及结合其不同的孢粉组合,不仅与沉积环境紧密相关,而且可以很好地揭示该地区晚冰期以来气候环境变化的基本特征和历史,显示研究区在13.6～9.7cal.kaB.P.期间主要经历了以下几个阶段: 13.60～13.08cal.kaB.P.,12.75～12.20cal.kaB.P.和 11.60～10.45cal.kaB.P.期间气候较温暖湿润;  13.08～12.75cal.kaB.P.和10.45～9.70cal.kaB.P.期间气候相对冷干;  而在12.2～11.6cal.kaB.P.期间,则表现相对冷湿。自11.6cal.kaB.P.之后,研究区进入全新世暖期,元素Ca,Fe,Mg,K,Na及Mn的含量和孢粉A/C比值变化曲线均表明在全新世初期气候波动频繁,并在11.3cal.kaB.P.和10.5cal.kaB.P.左右出现较强的冷波动。通过与其他研究区地质记录对比,指出研究区腾格里沙漠南缘末次冰消期气候环境变化尽管存在一定的区域特点,但基本格局与全球气候变化一致。     

Observed Glaciohydrological Changes in China's Typical Monsoonal Temperate Glacier Region since 1980s

Under the background of significant climate warming since the 1980s,the glaciers in China's monsoonal temperate glacier region respond to the warming intensely.Based on the glaciohy-drological observations at some typical glaciers from Mts.Yulong(玉龙) and Gongga(贡嘎) of Heng-duan(横断) Mountains Range in the southeastern Tibetan plateau,the glaciohydrological changes in the temperate glacier region since the 1980s were investigated.First,the glacier terminus exhibited an accelerating retreat.Second,as the glaci...     

广西大王顶金矿成矿地质特征与找矿成因浅析

通过地质勘查工作和综合研究,发现大王顶金矿床金矿体主要产于花岗斑岩体内、或是斑岩体顶、底部外接触带中;有构造破碎蚀变(花岗斑岩)岩型(产出黄铁绢英岩型矿石)及含金硫化物石英脉型矿石)两类矿体。矿床成因类型属岩浆热液金矿床大类中的重熔岩浆热液金矿床。     

太湖区域三维湖陆风场数值模拟

本文考虑太湖周围实际地形，建立了一个适合太湖区域复杂地形，满足静力平衡条件的三维非定常大气边界层数值模式，计算表明:模式运行十分稳定，与实际观测资料吻合较好。     

MSRT的太阳观测能力

密云米波综合孔径射电望远镜（ ＭＳＲＴ） 是一架同时具有高空间分辨率和高时间分辨率,高灵敏度的大型设备,工作频率在２３２ ＭＨｚ。使用该望远镜能得到太阳爆发的空间分布及其随时间变化的丰富信息,所得数据将填补我国具有空间分辨率的太阳射电数据的空白。在国际太阳活动监测中,由于地理位置原因,也是其它同类设备不可取代的。可以期待在第２３ 周太阳峰年的观测与研究中,得到新的有意义的数据和研究成果     

A Study on the Forming Conditions of Basalts in Seamounts of the South China Sea

Volcanic rocks in seamounts of the South China Sea consist mainly of alkali basalt, tholeiitic basalt, trachyandesitic pumice, dacite, etc. Inclusions in the minerals of the volcanic rocks are mainly amorphous melt inclusions, which reflects that the volcanic rocks are characterized by submarine eruption and rapid cooling on the seafloor. Furthermore, fluid-melt inclusions have been discovered for the first time in alkali basalts and mantle-derived xenoliths. indicating a process of differentiation between magma and fluid in the course of mantle partial melting. Alkali basalts and inclusions may have been formed in this nonhomogeneous system. Rock-forming temperatures of four seamounts were estimated as follows: the Zhongnan seamount alkali basalt 1155 ∼ 1185 °C; the Xianbei seamount alkali basalt 960 ∼ 1200 °C; tholeiitic basalt 1040 ∼ 1230 °C; the Daimao seamount tholeiitic basalt 1245 ∼ 1280 °C; and the Jianfeng seamount trachyandestic pumice 880 ∼ 1140 °C. Equilibrium pressures of alkali basalts in the Zhongnan and Xianbei seamounts are 13.57 and 8.8 × 10⁸ Pa, respectively. Pyroxene equilibrium temperatures of mantle xenoliths from the Xianbei seamount were estimated at 1073 ∼ 1121 °C, and pressures at (15.58 ∼ 22.47)×10⁸Pa, suggesting a deep-source (e.g. the asthenosphere) for the alkali basalts. This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Guangzhou Marine Geology Survey.