Climate-change driven range shifts of anchovy biomass projected by bio-physical coupling individual based model in the marginal seas of East Asia

Recent studies in the western North Pacific reported a declining standing stock biomass of anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) in the Yellow Sea and a climate-driven southward shift of anchovy catch in Korean waters. We investigated the effects of a warming ocean on the latitudinal shift of anchovy catch by developing and applying individual-based models (IBMs) based on a regional ocean circulation model and an IPCC climate change scenario. Despite the greater uncertainty, our two IBMs projected that, by the 2030s, the strengthened Tsushima warm current in the Korea Strait and the East Sea, driven by global warming, and the subsequent confinement of the relatively cold water masses within the Yellow Sea will decrease larval anchovy biomass in the Yellow Sea, but will increase it in the Korea Strait and the East Sea. The decreasing trend of anchovy biomass in the Yellow Sea was reproduced by our models, but further validation and enhancement of the models is required together with extended ichthyoplankton surveys to understand and reliably project range shifts of anchovy and the impacts such range shifts will have on the marine ecosystems and fisheries in the region.     

Ultraviolet complex refractive index of Martian dust: Laboratory measurements of terrestrial analogs

The optical complex index of refraction of four candidate Martian surface materials has been determined between 0.185 and 0.4 μm using a modified Kubelka-Munk scattering theory. The candidate materials were limonite, andesite, montmorillonite, and basalt. The effect of scattering has been removed from the results. Also presented are diffuse reflection and transmission data on these samples.     

Mariner 9 ultraviolet spectrometeer experiment: 1971 Mars' dust storm

The Mariner 9 ultraviolet spectrometer observed the brightness of a region on the south polar cap centered at approximately ?87°S, 10°W. Measurements taken at various incidence and emission angles (i and ?) show that the brightness increased with decreasing air mass, ≈(sec i + sec ?). The observed intensity consists primarily of a component reflected from the cap and twice-attenuated by the atmosphere and a component diffusely reflected from the atmosphere. The diffusely reflected component was determined from nearby observations of non-polar regions at the same incidence and emission angles and was substrated from the total intensity. Inversion of the intensity difference using a formula analogous to the Bouger-Langley law yielded the optical thickness of the atmosphere. The dust cloud over the polar cap was moderately thick between November 26 and December 2, 1971. At this time the optical thickness was near unity, and it decreased approximately linearly with time, reaching a value close to that of a Rayleigh atmosphere by mid-February. The optical thickness showed little dependence on the wavelength during the early orbital observations. As the dust storm cleared, the atmospheric optical thickness exhibited increasingly strong inverse wavelength dependence. Particles large compared with the wavelength dominated the Martian dust storm. These particles are estimated to have a mean radius of about 2 μm.     

海水中不同价态铬的测定

本文研究了用Aliguat-336萃取,无焰原子吸收分光光度法测定海水中不同价态铬的方法。该方法有较好的精密度,变动系数为6.0%。回收率在80%左右,其特征量为6.3×10~(14)g,较好地应用于海水中不同价态铬的测定。     

Identification of Perkinsus-like parasite in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum using DNA molecular marker at ITS region

Genomic DNA was extracted from hypnospores of Perkinsus-like parasite of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum collected at the fishing grounds in Huanghai Sea coast Shicheng Island and East China Sea coast Ningbo, China. The internal transcribed spacer（ITS） in rDNA was PCR-amplified, cloned, sequenced, and compared with that of five Perkinsus species in GenBank. The fragment amplified from DNA of parasite of either Shicheng Island or Ningbo contained 649 bp, including partial ssrRNA（51 bp） and ITS（＋5.8 S） （598 bp） regions. The ITS（＋5.SS） sequences of Perkinsus-like parasite of both Shicheng Island and Ningbo were all 99% identical to those ofPerkinsis atlanticus, and were not more than 95% identical to those of other four Perkinsus species including P. marinus, P. andrewsi, P. qugwadi and P. medierraneus.The ITS （＋5.8S） sequence of Perkinsus-like parasite of Shicheng Island was 99% identical to that of Ningbo. These facts about nucleotide sequences suggested that the Perkinsus-like parasite in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum collected from either the Huanghai Sea coast or the East China Sea coast was P. atlanticus, and might reflect P. atlanticus strains of distinct geographic distribution.     

水面油膜微波辐射特性实验室测量与分析

要实现利用微波辐射计对海面溢油的厚度等参数进行遥感监测，必须先对水面油膜的微波辐射特性进行研究，以便为传感器的设计和遥感资料的解译提供依据。在实验室条件下，利用“灰体室”的环境条件及测量方法，测试了原油、燃料油和食用植物油膜的微波发射率与油膜厚度之间的关系，并对测量结果进行分析和讨论。为实际应用提供技术资料。     

长江及其河口区铬的形态

近年来，海水中痕量金属的形态引起了人们的重视，尤其对河口痕量金属的研究更为关注。江河及河口是污染物排放的重要渠道，而铬是海水中的重要污染物之一，由于各种理化环境的变化，它在河口区常常发生形态的转移，对生物毒性也产生了差异，因而引起了海洋化学家的兴趣。许多学者为此进行了研究，并取得了有意义的结论。 长江是我国最大的河流，沿岸有许多工业城市。黄浦江是其人海前的重要支流，上海市的工业废水和城市污水均由此流到河口区。为此我们试图研究铬在长江运移过程中不同形态的变化。 我国研究河口海域铬的论文甚少，作者曾进行了渤海湾海水中铬的研究，吴瑜端(1978)对长江口海域底质和底层水中的Cu、Cr、Hg进行了研究，然而对长江口水中铬的形态研究则未见报道。     

大兴安岭地区森林沼泽生态系统火生态效应研究

于１９９０年５月－１９９３年１０月，为查清火灾对森林沼泽生态系统，采取野外面上考察与定位观测，野外实验与室内分析化验，定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法，在阿木尔林业局长缨林场、红旗林场选取观测点进行森林沼泽生态系统火生态效应的对比观测与实验。     

Experimental study on stability of sunken large diameter cylindrical structure on sandy seabed during construction period

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