国家地震速报备份系统的部署与运行

国家地震速报备份系统是由中国地震局出资,在广东省地震台网中心建设的一套全自动地震速报系统.本文介绍了国家地震速报备份系统的职责、系统架构、主要功能模块、系统工作原理、部署情况与台网规模,分析了系统2009-2010年运行两年来的工作情况,并对系统自动产出的地震定位结果进行初步的统计与比较,对系统运行的总体效果给予了初步...     

土岩爆破中岩体和坑道爆破破坏分区的试验研究

本文根据声波法、地震法、钻孔电视、质点振动加速度、速度和爆后破坏现象宏观调查等现场实验数据和资料,并参照室内试验结果,研究了土岩爆破中岩体和坑道的爆破破坏效应及其分区、并将岩体、垂直坑道与平行坑道的爆破破坏分区作了对比。     

GNSS授时原理及其精度分析

地震仪授时的准确程度直接影响地震定位能力。目前地震仪均采用卫星定位导航系统进行卫星授时。地震仪中的授时模块易受射频干扰,进而导致地震仪授时不准。研究认为高频元件、电源模块、线路设计及地线部署是产生射频干扰的主要原因。本文在实验的基础上发现,增设隔离板、替换元件、优化线路设计及调整地线部署可以稳定地降低地震仪系统对授时模块的电磁干扰,所用技术可应用于提升地震仪的授时准确度。     

流体包裹体在建立四川盆地古地温剖面研究中的应用

根据四川盆地沉积－埋藏史、主要地热事件、井下Ｒ０部面及钻井测温资料的综合分析,应用流体包裹体均一温度资料推算了四川盆地中部各地质时期地层的古地温,并建立了古地温梯度表,用此表可计算四川盆地各地期地层古地温。根据包裹体均一温度确定的古地温表明：四川盆地地层地温梯度由古至今逐渐降低,现今地温状况对古地温状况有明显的继承性。东吴运动（地裂运动）峨嵋山玄武岩大规模喷溢时期是盆地地温梯度最高时期,推算其地温     

Effect of catchment properties on runoff coefficient in a karst area of southwest China

Frequent human activities and climate change in the karst region of southwest China since the 1950s have led to the investigation of response of runoff to climate and catchment properties. Runoff coefficient (Rc) as an expression variable of the catchment response to rainfall is important to describe runoff dynamics and to estimate available streamflow for utilization. In this study, the equations of Rc associated with its attributors of climate condition and catchment property were derived using the Budyko framework. The equations were used to estimate relationship between the Rc and the attributors in the karst catchments in Guizhou province of southwest China. Analysis in the selected 23 karst catchments demonstrates that the spatial distribution of Rc is dominated by the catchment properties, such as the catchment properties of geology, slope and land use and land cover, rather than climate condition of drought index. Correlation analysis indicates that the catchment with a large slope usually has a high value of Rc, and a large proportion of carbonate rock in a catchment reduces Rc in the study area. Temporal increasing trend of Rc during 1961–2000 was found for most catchments in the study area. This increasing trend was primarily resulted from changes of catchment properties, e.g. deforestation in large areas of Guizhou province during the 1950s–1980s. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

713天气雷达数字化系统

本文介绍了用IBM-PC/XT(AT)实现的天气雷达数字化系统的众多功能,分析了系统的工作原理。对于几个关键的技术问题——高速数据录取、软件数字视频积分、地物杂波抑制、座标变换及图象传输,分别给出了解决的方法和详尽的程序方框图。     

Geochemistry of Alkaline—Ultrabasic Rocks in the Jijie Complex,Lufeng,Yunnan

is paper is concerned with the geochemical features of major elements,transition metal elements,large ion lithophile elements,rare-earth elements and Sr isotopes in alkaline-ul-trabasic rocks in the Jijie complex of Lufeng,Yunnan Province,which is located in southern Sichuan-Yunnan rift zone,one of Luoci alkaline-ultrabasic complexes in central Ynnnan,Moreover,its origin pertaining primary magma,magma soure region,fractional crystallization,etc.are also discussed in the present paper.     

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Soil and Vegetation Spectral Coupling Difference (SVSCD) for Minerals Extraction from Hyperion Data in Vegetation Covered Area

Remote sensing data have been widely applied to extract minerals in geologic exploration, however, in areas covered by vegetation, extracted mineral information has mostly been small targets bearing little information. In this paper, we present a new method for mineral extraction aimed at solving the difficulty of mineral identification in vegetation covered areas. The method selected six sets of spectral difference coupling between soil and plant (SVSCD). These sets have the same vegetation spectra reflectance and a maximum different reflectance of soil and mineral spectra from Hyperion image based on spectral reflectance characteristics of measured spectra. The central wavelengths of the six, selected band pairs were 2314 and 701 nm, 1699 and 721 nm, 1336 and 742 nm, 2203 and 681 nm, 2183 and 671 nm, and 2072 and 548 nm. Each data set’s reflectance was used to calculate the difference value. After band difference calculation, vegetation information was suppressed and mineral abnormal information was enhanced compared to the scatter plot of original band. Six spectral difference couplings, after vegetation inhibition, were arranged in a new data set that requires two components that have the largest eigenvalue difference from principal component analysis (PCA). The spatial geometric structure features of PC1 and PC2 was used to identify altered minerals by spectral feature fitting (SFF). The collecting rocks from the 10 points that were selected in the concentration of mineral extraction were analyzed under a high-resolution microscope to identify metal minerals and nonmetallic minerals. Results indicated that the extracted minerals were well matched with the verified samples, especially with the sample 2, 4, 5 and 8. It demonstrated that the method can effectively detect altered minerals in vegetation covered area in Hyperion image.     

Research on Creep Deformation and Control Mechanism of Weak Surrounding Rock in Super Large Section Tunnel

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - In order to solve the difficulties of creep deformation of surrounding rock in super large section tunnel, taking Letuan tunnel of Binlai expressway, a...