用于海洋沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌分子生态学研究的引物比较

为比较厌氧氨氧化细菌16SrRNA基因的2对特异性引物(Amx368F/Amx820R、Brod541F/Amx820R)在其分子生态学研究方面的优点与不足,本研究采用高通量测序和qPCR技术对长江口及其邻近海域沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌细菌的群落组成、多样性和丰度进行比较分析,结果表明,引物Amx368F/Amx820R特异性较高,能够较为完整地反映沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌的多样性信息,且其覆盖的厌氧氨氧化细菌丰度与功能基因hzo丰度正相关(P<0.01);而引物Brod541F/Amx820R特异性较低,覆盖部分厌氧氨氧化细菌及其他多个门的细菌,其量化的厌氧氨氧化细菌与功能基因hzo丰度无明显相关关系(P>0.05)。因此,引物Amx368F/Amx820R能够更加真实地反映厌氧氨氧化细菌在海洋沉积物中的群落特征,在其分子生态学研究中更具优势。     

基于磁场解析弹体飞行俯仰角的算法研究

为了解决弹体飞行俯仰角解算问题,对利用地磁传感器解算弹体俯仰角的算法进行研究。 通过分析算法,研究了利用地磁传感器解算俯仰角的原理方程,并对此进行了仿真试验和实物实验。 试验结果表明:利用地磁传感器解算方法可以实现旋转弹体俯仰角的测量,并有效地抑制了误差,实用价值高。     

Growth inhibition and oxidative stress in two species of marine diatoms exposed to 1-phenylethanol

1-phenylethanol (1-PEA) is a flavor extensively used in the production of cosmetics, beverages, and food. The release of 1-PEA into coastal environments has aroused great concern. However, its potential effects on marine organisms are still unknown. In order to provide a better understanding of the ecological risks of 1-PEA in marine environments, this study determined the toxic effects of 1-PEA on two marine diatoms (Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Skeletonema costatum). The diatoms were grown in culture medium containing different concentrations of 1-PEA for 96 h. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were measured at the end of the exposure period. 1-PEA was shown to significantly inhibit the growth of diatoms, with 96-h EC50 values of 257.14 mg/Land 126.46 mg/L in P. tricornutum and S. costatum, respectively. In P. tricornutum, the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and MDA were stimulated only when 1-PEA concentrations were close to or greater than the 96-h EC50 value. However, in S. costatum, the activities of SOD and CAT, and the syntheses of two chlorophylls were inhibited even at an exposure concentration below the 96-h EC50 value. Taken together, these findings indicate a potential ecological risk by discharging 1-PEA into coastal areas and its species-specific toxic effects on marine organisms.     

Preparation and characterization of agar,agarose,and agaropectin from the red alga Ahnfeltia plicata

Agar,agarose,and agaropectin were extracted from the red alga Ahnfeltia plicata,and their properties and structures were characterized.Agar was extracted by a comparatively low alkaline consumption of 1.2%.It exhibited a gel strength of 1 152.50±74.25 g/cm^2 and a sulfate content of 0.55%±0.08%.The yield of agar from A.plicata was 24.53%,which is higher than those of other agarophytes commonly used in China.Three kinds of the method were compared for the purification of agarose,and the physicochemical properties of agarose that was prepared under the optimal condition were identical to those of commercially available agarose.Furthermore,agaropectin was purified from A.plicata and characterized by GC,HPLC,UV-spectrum,and FI-IR to understand its composition and structure.It was the first time to comprehensively study the agar and its fractions from the red alga of A.plicata.This research provided an eco-friendly agar extraction method from A.plicata and revealed its potential application for the production of agar,agarose,and agaropectin.     

基于作战概念的深远海水下作战体系设计与评估

着眼我深远海水下作战面临的现实困难及未来可能遇到的瓶颈问题,设计深远海水下作战概念。以作战概念为驱动,分析深远海水下作战需求,在作战背景下设计行动构想,构建基于作战概念的深远海水下作战体系,评估优化完善后对研究成果进行应用。     

航行体近水面滑跳运动试验研究

航行体近水面滑跳运动是近年来跨介质航行体研究的热点问题之一,针对航行体水面滑跳运动现象开展研究。 首先设计了适宜滑跳的航行体构型,通过数值仿真方法确定航行体的主要技术参数,发现航行体滑跳过程对于重心位置非常敏感;然后,针对设计的构型,开展水面自由滑跳试验,试验表明本文设计的模型可以在近水面稳定滑跳,验证了滑跳运动方式的可行性。 工作可为后续跨介质航行体设计提供技术参考。     

On the Question of Calculating the Parameters of Vortices in the Near-Surface Atmosphere of Mars

Solar System Research - The paper is dedicated to the study of dust vortices on the Earth and Mars. The hydrodynamic similarity of convective vortices is considered, and the similarity criteria are...     

Optical Identification of Four Hard X-ray Sources from the INTEGRAL Sky Surveys

Astronomy Letters - We continue the study begun in Karasev et al. (2018) and present the results of our optical identifications of four hard X-ray sources from the INTEGRAL sky surveys. Having...     

Evolution and Pulsations of Population I Post-AGB Stars

Astronomy Letters - Evolutionary calculations of population I stars with initial masses M0 = 1 M⊙, 1.5 M⊙ and 2 M⊙ were carried out up to the stage of the proto-planetary nebula....     

耀变体在射电波段的偏振研究

利用UMRAO数据库22个耀变体源的偏振数据,根据Lazarian&Pogosyan理论模型分析研究了耀变体射电波段的偏振随波长的变化,得出不同类的耀变体偏振随波长变化的原因。结果表明,与Lazarian&Pogosyan理论模型吻合较好。由此得出如下结论:(1)反常去偏振耀变体源中反常法拉第旋光起主导作用,反常去偏振相对较少;(2)热辐射与同步辐射混合作用,高频波段的偏振度小于低频波段的偏振度(反常去偏振);(3)当被观测波段波长小于吸积盘热辐射对应的维恩波长时,高频波段的偏振度大于低频波段的偏振度(常规去偏振)。