Aeolian Facies Belts in the Taklimakan Desert

At least at the beginning of the last glacial epoch, the facies belts of dune sand, sandy loam and loess formed by winds had existed in the Taklimakan desert and areas south of it. There were no appreciable changes in the NE and NW wind systems and their wind fqrces that deposited dune sand, sandy loam and loess in the global cold stage since the last glacial epoch (accordingly no marked shifts of the boundaries of these aeolian facies belts took place. In the global warm stage since then, the climate in the Taklimakan desert and areas south of it became warm and dry, resulting in ablation of substantial volumes of ice and snow in their surrounding mountains and thus forming alluvial and diluvial deposits in the region. The alluvial-diluvial actions, however, failed to change the general framework of aeolian facies belts.     

Qinling-Type Lead-Zinc Deposits

Qinling-type Pb-Zn deposits are located in the Qinling fold belt, occurring in the fine-clastic and carbonate rocks of the Devonian marine facies. They are reformed sedimentary deposits originating from hydrothermal waters, and may be subdivided into 2 subtypes: hydrothermal sedimentary deposits (Changba subtype) and reformed hydrothermal sedimentary deposits (Bijiashan-Qiandongshan subtype). In comparison with some of the famous Palaeozoic Pb-Zn deposits in the world, the Qinling-type Pb-Zn deposits constitute an independent type, which possesses some characteristics of both hydrothermal sedimentary deposits (Meggen type) and reformed hydrothermal deposits (Mississippi Valley type).     

Pediculate Brachiopod Diandongia pista from the Lower Cambrian of South China

The Chengjiang Lagerstatte has been celebrated for prolific soft-bodied fossils. Based on specimens recently excavated in the Chengjiang Lagerstatte by the Early Life Institute, Northwest University, Diandongia pista Rong, 1974, is directly revealed to be a pediculate brachiopod, assigned to the Family Botsfordiidae, as is further confirmed by the exceptionally preserved vascular system including dorsal and ventral mantle canals. These specimens described herein exhibit some peculiarities, notably the extremely thin and long pedicles, which suggest that Diandongia is epifaunal rather than burrowing brachiopod. A study of this group of animals indicates that they may be vital to understand the relationship between the lingulids and the remaining brachiopods, and the character evolution of the early Cambrian brachiopods.     

紫阳文洛克统底界生物地层学新研究

通过对紫阳地区10个文洛克统底界剖面的重新观察,笔者等认为晚兰多弗里期的标准化石Oktavites spiralis(Geinitz)从未进入文洛克统,这与国际上是一致的。过去在紫阳地区所有被鉴定为C．centrifugus Boucek的标本,经详细比较均应改为C．annularis Fu,其层位都产于C．lapworthi带。近年对芭蕉口剖面进行野外调查时,笔者等采到了真正的C．centrifugus Boueek和C．murchisoni Carruthers标本,因此更加完善了C．lapworthi-C．sakmaricus-C．insectus-C．centrifugus-C．murchisoni这一弓笔石演替序列。     

滇黔交界地区玄武岩铜矿有机质的组成、结构及成因

滇黔交界地区玄武岩型铜矿有两种产出状态 ,一类产于玄武岩中 ,另一类产于玄武岩喷发旋回之间的沉积夹层中。两类铜矿石中均发育有机质。本文通过反射率测定、元素分析、红外光谱和碳同位素组成测定等方法对该区玄武岩铜矿有机质的成熟度、组成、结构及成因进行了研究。结果表明 :1铜矿石有机质的反射率为1.0 4 %～ 2 .172 % ;除个别样品外 ,n H/ n C值平均 0 .4 9,n O/ n C 值平均 0 .0 6 2 ,表明其有机质的成熟度均较高 ,有机质的物理性质及红外光谱特征也显示了这一点。 2有机质的组成以 C为主 ,其次为 H、O、N,两种铜矿石中有机质的 C、H、O元素含量类似 ,仅 N元素含量有一定差异。 3有机质的结构中以羟基、烷烃、芳烃官能团为主 ,有时有 C=O官能团 ;羟基红外吸收峰强度大 ,表明有机质经历了强烈的热液流体交代作用。 4玄武岩中铜矿石沥青的δ1 3CV- PDB为- 2 7.3‰～ - 33.2‰ ,平均 - 31.97‰ ,沉积岩中铜矿石碳质的 δ1 3CV- PDB为 - 2 0 .2‰～ - 2 3.2‰ ,平均 - 2 2 .11‰ ,表明二者无明显成因联系 ,前者属腐泥型 ,为石油的遗迹 ,来自下部地层 ;后者为腐植型 ,来自原地沉积的陆生高等植物。两种铜矿石中不同来源有机质成熟度、组成及结构上的相似性是其经历了相同的成矿作用的反映     

Ore-forming and Exploration Models of the Baguamiao Gold Deposit, Shaanxi Province

The Baguamiao superlarge gold deposit in Shaanxi Province is one of the typical cases in China that are hosted by sedimentary rocks. Explorers and researchers have discussed the gold mineralization enrichment conditions by studying sulphur, oxygen, carbon, silicon stable isotopes and mineralizing fluid features of the Baguamiao gold deposit and proposed a hydrothermal sedimentation-magmatic reconstructing gold mineralization model featuring multi-sources of ore-forming materials and multistage mineralizations. In addition, prospecting for "Baguamiao-type" gold deposits was started in the Fengtai Basin and a great number of important prospecting targets such as Tonglinggou, Simaoling, Guoansi and Dachaigou were discovered.     

西秦岭天水市元龙地区新元古代花岗质片麻岩锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年及其地质意义

西秦岭元龙花岗质片麻岩位于天水市伯阳-元龙之间的渭河断裂北侧.花岗质片麻岩中锆石Th/U比值较高,阴极发光图像显示锆石内部发育振荡环带,具岩浆成因特点.LA-ICP-MS的锆石U-Pb同位素206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(924.2±2.7)Ma(MSWD=0.67),表明花岗岩岩体形成于新元古代,反映晋宁期西秦岭北缘曾存在一次俯冲碰撞事件,与Rodinia超大陆的汇聚事件一致.     

济阳拗陷孤岛油田渤21断块砂岩油藏流动单元研究

根据流动层带指标、孔隙度、渗透率、泥质含量、粒度中值等参数，采用灰色系统理论，将济阳拗陷孤岛油田渤21断块砂岩储层定量划分为5类流动单元。结合该地区的实际地质和生产状况等综合研究表明，各类流动单元分布对应于不同的沉积相带，具有不同的渗流特征，其与储层吸水、产液以及剩余油分布之间有密切的关系。流动单元I区水淹严重，流动单元Ⅳ、Ⅴ区为低孔、低渗，原始含油性本身较差，而流动单元Ⅱ、Ⅲ区是油田目前剩余油分布的主要区域。     

北秦岭火山岩地球化学特征,成因和构造环境

本文研究了北秦岭及华北地台南缘火山岩约500件岩石化学、120件微量元素和135件稀土元素样品数据。熊耳群、大红口组火山岩属B类的地壳混染型,为大陆裂谷环境;宽坪群、秦岭群变拉斑玄武岩建造属A类的幔源型,为海槽环境;二郎坪群、丹凤群细碧角斑岩建造属C+A、C类的壳幔混合型,为海盆环境。     

改进模拟退火法在估计河流水质参数中的应用

将模拟退火法应用于求解分析河流水团示踪试验数据，确定河流水质参数的函数优化问题。针对标准SA算法收敛速度缓慢的弱点，采取了增加附加约束条件、设置内阈值提前降温和增加记忆功能等综合措施对算法进行了改进。算例表明，综合改进措施能够明显地提高算法收敛速度，并可以得到满意的参数计算结果。计算结果也表明，内循环次数不会对外循环次数产生明显的影响。由于算法对目标函数没有附加要求，而且算法的收敛性与待估参数的初值无关，因此，改进SA算法在分析河流水质试验数据、确定水质参数方面．将会具有非常广的应用范围。