西藏冈底斯矿带成矿作用及远景分析

冈底斯带矿床众多,类型复杂,主要有斑岩型铜（金钼）矿床、矽卡岩型铁铜-铅-锌（银）矿床、层控铅-锌-银矿床、火山岩型金-银矿床及雄村式铜-金矿床。矿床地质特征和同位素年龄表明,冈底斯带南部的矿床与新特提斯洋壳向北俯冲-陆陆碰撞及碰撞期后的构造岩浆事件有关;冈底斯带北部的矿床与班公湖-怒江洋壳向南俯冲-陆陆碰撞及碰撞期后构造岩浆事件有关。冈底斯带与洋壳的俯冲-碰撞有关的岩浆活动强烈,成矿条件优越。西藏高原在碰撞后发生了快速抬升剥蚀,部分矿床顶部出现低温组合矿化,多数矿床保存良好。     

Multiple Volcanic Episodes of Flood Basalts Caused by Underplating

Most Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are emplaced within <10 Ma, with a main pulse of the magmatism in<1 Ma[1]. For example, the Siberian Traps [2] and the Deccan Traps [3] were probably erupted within one million years. Many events, such as the Columbia River event, feature a single pulse of magmatism, followed by a protrac-ted period of magmatism at a much lower rate that is linked to a plume tail[4].     

准噶尔盆地中部III 区块原油中25-降藿烷分布特征与成因意义

通过对准噶尔盆地中部Ш区块原油或油砂抽提物的饱和烃气相色谱-质谱分析,研究了原油或油砂抽提物中25-降藿烷的分布规律.结果表明,不同井区或同一口井不同深度(层位)的原油25-降藿烷的相对含量存在比较明显的差别,表明其所遭受的生物降解程度有所差异,沿构造带从南到北,同一油层中原油的生物降解程度增强,比如位于构造北部(构造部位相对较高)的永1井、永3井侏罗系原油25-降藿烷丰度较高,表明生物降解比较明显,而位于南部(构造低部位)的永6井白垩系和侏罗系油层中的原油均无明显的生物降解现象;同一口井随深度增大生物降解作用将弱,如永2井浅部白垩系油层的原油降解较严重,而深部西山窑组的原油降解作用则不明显.根据原油生物降解的特征,结合车-莫古隆起调整对研究区油气成藏的影响,讨论了原油生物降解差异分布的成因机制.     

空间索引与多尺度表达的一体化模型研究

在分析各种常用索引的基础上,依据各自的适用范围,提出了对点对象建立格网索引,对线、面对象建立改进四叉树索引的组合优化策略。设计的改进四叉树索引避免了传统四叉树的重复索引,提高了数据访问的效率。     

一种改进的GPS随机模型建模方法

针对观测序列的异方差和时相关特性相互影响但又难以并行建模的问题,提出了一种迭代、序贯处理异方差和时相关问题的随机模型建模方案.实验结果显示,该方法较好地解决了异方差和时相关特性无法并行建模的难题.极大地消除了多路径及系统残余误差对GPS定位成果的影响,增加了基线数据处理的可靠性.     

用多种策略从机载Lidar数据中提取建筑脚点

设计了一种采用多种策略的建筑脚点提取方法,针对建筑脚点提取中的两个关键步骤--数据分类和建筑脚点分割,分别提出和引入了邻近关系和r半径点密度,从仅反映单次反射的DSM数据中,直接提取出建筑表面点.     

追忆李四光对防震减灾的贡献,以系统整体观指导防震应急

笔者在追忆李四光地震科学和防震减灾指导思想的基础上,提出了以系统整体观指导防震应急的新论点,包括:运用地壳运动整体观研究地震规律;应用地震预测整体观进行地震预测;划分活动性构造体系,研究构造活动性;加强综合监测,研究各种地震前兆和相关的自然变异的发展趋势;圈定地震风险区,制定防震应急预案等.并结合中国的实际情况进行了论述.     

Interactive 3-D computation of fault surfaces using level sets

Deformable implicit surfaces, implemented with level set methods, have demonstrated a great potential in the computational sciences for applications such as modeling, simulation, and segmentation. They allow implicit handling of complex topologies deformed by operations where large changes can occur without destroying the level set representation. The use of level set techniques for the computation and segmentation of plane-like and high positive curvature features is nontrivial. We present a technique for representing and extracting fault surfaces from 3-D seismic attribute data such that 2-manifolds can be interactively computed and segmented. We present our approach as an interactive workflow that generates highly accurate fault surfaces.     

A virtual voyage through 3D structures generated by chaotic mixing of magmas and numerical simulations: a new approach for understanding spatial and temporal complexity of magma dynamics

In this contribution, we present a virtual voyage through 3D structures generated by chaotic mixing of magmas and numerical simulations with the aim to highlight the power of 3D representations in the understanding of this geological phenomenon. In particular, samples of mixed juveniles from Salina island (Southern Italy) are reconstructed in 3D by serial lapping and digital montage and numerical simulations are performed by using a 3D chaotic dynamical system. Natural and simulated magma mixing structures are visualized by using several multimedia tools including animations and “virtual reality” models. It is shown that magma interaction processes can generate large spatial and temporal compositional heterogeneities in magmatic systems. The same topological structures are observed in both 3D reconstructed rock samples and chaotic numerical simulations, indicating that the mixing of magmas is governed by chaotic dynamics. The use of 3D multimedia models gives the opportunity to penetrate into magma mixing structures and to understand their significance in the context of magma dynamics. Such an approach is very powerful since multimedia tools can strongly capture the attention of the reader bringing him/her into an interactive and memorable geological experience. Electronic supplementary material  enclosed: