中国东南沿海港口外轮压舱水生物的调查

随机选取东南沿海港口的17艘外来船舶(含8条集装箱船和9条散货船)作为监测对象,进行压舱水浮游植物及动物的物种鉴定和丰度测定,并对监测数据进行统计学分析.检出分属于7个浮游植物门类和5个动物门类的309种外来压舱水生物(包括60种赤潮生物).外轮压舱水生物的分布及生存状态与水样的水龄和盐度相关.船舶压舱水排放是大家熟知...     

海洋琼胶降解细菌的筛选及HQM9琼胶酶研究

对红藻门江蓠和石花菜的共附生的琼胶降解细菌进行了系统的分离,共筛选得到琼肢降解细菌25株,选择其中有代表性的15株进行了分子鉴定,鉴定结果表明这些细菌主要分布在Agarivorans,Cellulophaga,Alteromonas,Saccharophagus,Glaciecola,Vibrio六个属中,另外初步判定...     

相干声纳多波束与传统型多波束测深系统综合对比与实验分析

在工作原理、技术参数、采集软件和处理软件功能与操作,以及数据实测等方面对相干声纳多波束测深系统Geoswath Plus和传统型多波束测深系统Seabeam 1180进行了详细对比。对比表明,两套多波束系统的工作原理完全不同;传统型多波束测深系统在探头下方数据密集,两侧的数据逐渐变稀,相干声纳多波束测深系统在探头正下方的数据比较稀疏,探头两侧的数据较密集;相干声纳多波束测深系统Geoswath Plus的采集和处理软件实现了一体化,具有较直观的数据质量监控功能,传统型多波束测深系统Seabeam 1180可应用的后处理软件较多,功能更丰富;通过实测数据验证,两套多波束测深系统在数据测量精度上具有较好的一致性,不符值数列的标准偏差为3%—4%。对比为多波束测深系统的引进和选型提供了参考依据。     

2010年《海洋测绘》论文综述

针对2010年《海洋测绘》刊载的论文情况,从海洋测绘学科发展角度,对海洋测量、海图制图与地理空间信息、海岸海洋遥感、潮汐潮流观测与数据处理等专业的发展现状,进行了归纳总结和简要分析评述.旨在为广大测绘工作者提供参考.     

A Modeling Study on the Mechanism of Convective Initiation of a Squall Line over Northeastern China

High-resolution numerical simulation results of a squall line initiated along a convergence zone in northeast China on 26 June 2014 were presented in this study. The simulation was performed by a convection-permitting model with coarse and fine grids of 4 and 1.33 km, respectively, and the simulation results were validated against the observation. Results showed that the simulation adequately reproduced the life cycle of the squall line, which allowed detailed investigation of the mechanism of convective initiation in this case. The synoptic condition was favorable for convective initiation and the convection was triggered in a convergence zone, where a branch of dry and cold air and a branch of moist and warm air collided. The water vapor flux divergence was inhomogeneous and some cores of water vapor convergence existed in the convergence zone. These cores were the spots where water vapor converged intensely and the air there was forced to rise, creating favorable spots where the convection was initially triggered. A series of quasi-equally spaced vortices near the surface, which themselves were the result of horizontal shear instability, were accountable for the inhomogeneity of the surface water vapor flux divergence. These vortices rotated the moist air into their north and dry air into their south, thus creating more favorable spots for convective initiation in their north. After initiation, the updraft turned the horizontal vorticity into vertical vorticity in the mid-level. The vortices near the surface collaborated with the vorticity maxima in the mid-level and enhanced the development of convection by providing water vapor.     

全球和亚洲人为气溶胶影响东亚气候的数值模拟研究

利用海气耦合的全球气候模式CSIRO-Mk3.6分析比较了全球和亚洲人为气溶胶对东亚各季节气候的不同影响。结果表明,全球和亚洲外人为气溶胶使得东亚地区年平均地表温度分别下降0.9℃和0.55℃。亚洲区域气溶胶强迫决定了东亚近地面降温的时空分布特征,而亚洲区域外气溶胶进一步增强了我国北方夏季的近地面降温。各个季节对流层中上层的降温主要受区域外气溶胶的影响,并引起东亚高空急流强度和位置的变化,造成夏季和秋季明显的经向环流异常。同时,亚洲气溶胶影响各季节东亚低层环流场的响应,使得东亚陆地降水减少,而区域外气溶胶则主要影响冬季中高纬度和夏、秋季南海地区的低层风场。总体上,亚洲区域内、外人为气溶胶会增强我国冬、夏季风低层环流,并共同决定南海地区的降水变化。     

SMM资料的太阳振荡低阶声模研究

本文提出分段零平均方法,引用点间加零方法,利用周期图以及自相关功率谱,对八十年代美国SMM卫星所采集的太阳总辐照度资料中1980年与1984年的两段数据做太阳振荡谱分析,对频谱进行等步长叠加证认的结果,除了得出l=0,1,2等低阶声模以外,还清楚地得出了以在对SMM资料的研究所未得到的l=3声波模式,而由相干及谱峰半宽,推出了低阶声模的相干时间即激发寿命近似为3至9天.另外,比较1980年与1984年两段数据的分析结果,发现太阳活动峰年1980年的模式频率比谷年1984年高出零点几至几个微赫兹(μHz),这意味着太阳短周期的振荡受长周期磁场变化的影响.     

移动视频通信快速块匹配算法分析

先提出移动视频通信对运动估计搜索算法在运算时间和准确度上的要求.在对目前运动估计快速块匹配算法研究的基础上,简述了运动估计的原理;揭示了在视频质量、搜索速度和压缩码率等方面提高算法效率的3类主要问题：初始搜索点的选择、匹配准则和搜索策略;分别阐述了目前常用的解决这3类问题的方法和相应算法,并进行了比较和分析;提出运动估计算法的发展趋势.     

利用RAPD和ISSR引物对三系杂交水稻及其父母本的鉴定

为了鉴定杂交种子与父母本的亲缘关系，用20条随机引物和21条ISSR引物在供试的一组三系杂交水稻F1、父母本及对照进行扩增。20条RAPD引物共扩增出78个条带，其中28条为多态性条带；21条ISSR引物共扩增出72个条带，其中多态性条带为20条。将这些多态性条带进行聚类分析，F1与父、母亲缘关系较近归为一类．随后它们才与对照归为一类。结果表明RAPD和ISSR引物的PCR扩增均能有效地鉴定三系杂交水稻的杂种F1与组合中父、母本的遗传关系。与RAPD相比ISSR引物在三系杂交水稻及其父母本的鉴定中具有稳定性更好的优点。     

Bioreactor landfill

Following the population expansion, there is a growing threat brought by municipal solid waste (MSW) against environment and human health. Sanitary landfill is the most important method of MSW disposal in China. In contrast to the conventional landfill, this paper introduces a new technique named bioreactor landfill (BL). Mechanisms, operation conditions as well as the advantages and disadvantages of BL are also discussed in this paper.