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71.
HermannKreutzmann 《山地科学学报》2004,1(3):193-210
Starting with a discussion of development concepts which were applied in practice and which followed the developmentalist paradigm the expansion of traffic infrastructure in colonial and post-colonial periods is presented for the High Asian mountain rim. Selective railways and roads are the major feature of this development, which aimed first on serving the convenience of hill station visitors and followed strategic considerations later on. This bias between regional planning and implementation remains a characteristic feature. At the same time traffic infrastructure without asphalt roads is important for the mountain areas, thus breaking up the strong correlation between development and asphalt roads. 相似文献
72.
Halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have been to be significantly faster than normal CMEs, which is a long-standing puzzle. In order to solve the puzzle, we first investigate the observed properties of 31 limb CMEs that clearly display loopshaped frontal loops. The observational results show a strong tendency that slower CMEs are weaker in white-light intensity. Then, we perform a Monte Carlo simulation of 20000 artificial limb CMEs that have an average velocity of ~523km s -1. The Thomson scattering of thes... 相似文献
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An approach to improve orbital state vectors by orbit error estimates derived from residual phase patterns in synthetic aperture radar interferograms is presented. For individual interferograms, an error representation by two parameters is motivated: the baseline error in cross-range and the rate of change of the baseline error in range. For their estimation, two alternatives are proposed: a least squares approach that requires prior unwrapping and a less reliable gridsearch method handling the wrapped phase. In both cases, reliability is enhanced by mutual control of error estimates in an overdetermined network of linearly dependent interferometric combinations of images. Thus, systematic biases, e.g., due to unwrapping errors, can be detected and iteratively eliminated. Regularising the solution by a minimum-norm condition results in quasi-absolute orbit errors that refer to particular images. For the 31 images of a sample ENVISAT dataset, orbit corrections with a mutual consistency on the millimetre level have been inferred from 163 interferograms. The method itself qualifies by reliability and rigorous geometric modelling of the orbital error signal but does not consider interfering large scale deformation effects. However, a separation may be feasible in a combined processing with persistent scatterer approaches or by temporal filtering of the estimates. 相似文献
76.
通过观察对比等距映射流形坐标和光谱特征的变化趋势来解释每一维流形坐标的光谱含义,目的在于从具有光谱解释的流形图中提取低维流形特征。通过设计两个实例来验证本文提出的低维流形特征提取方法。结果显示,Isomap低维流形图可用于提取目标地物的低维流形特征,同时也证明了等距映射流形坐标光谱解释的可行性。这对Isomap降维在高光谱影像中的应用具有很大的理论指导意义。 相似文献
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78.
Yulin Ding Yuting Wu Qing Zhu Liguo Zhang Qianqian Sun Weixi Wang 《Transactions in GIS》2023,27(3):797-820
Bridges located in mountainous areas are vulnerable to rockfall accidents, posing a threat to bridge engineering construction and operation safety in these regions. Under the coupling effect of complex environments and engineering disturbances, integrated rockfall risk simulation has become increasingly important for canyon bridge structural protection in long-term construction and operation phases. One of the main scientific challenges in rockfall risk simulation is studying the interaction between rockfalls and the topography and engineering environments during consecutive contacts. To systematically simulate the integrated bridge rockfall risk, an integrated construction of multivariable elements coupled with rockfall risk environments and scenarios is required. In this article, we proposed a VGE-based integrated rockfall scenario simulation method that uses the “associated representation—integrated modelling—interactional simulation” core strategy. Our method constructs a virtual rockfall risk environment by fusing multisource data to represent rockfall factors that induce rockfall disasters, hazard-forming environments, and elements at risk. We design rockfall scenarios under different bridge engineering construction conditions and extreme environmental conditions to analyze the interactional rockfall risks. The results demonstrate that our method enables a systematic analysis of the potential integrated rockfall risk, providing realistic reference value for the timely and effective disposal of emergencies, and reducing the harm and losses caused by such emergencies. 相似文献
79.
数字化博物馆是一种结合前沿技术开发的区别传统实体博物馆的综合服务信息系统。本文对目前采用的基于图形和基于图像的两种数字化博物馆构建方法进行分析比较,提出了一种室外采用三维建模、室内采用360°全景图的混合式构建方法。探讨了混合式数字化博物馆在场景漫游和场景切换方面的关键技术,设计并实现了混合式数字化博物馆的框架结构与部分功能,是数字化博物馆建设的一种新的尝试。 相似文献
80.
本文就工业厂矿地下管线从探测方法做了比较详细的介绍,同时对地下管线的数据输入,将数据转化成电子图进行总图数据管理提出了一套行之有效的作业流程. 相似文献