扬子地台北缘晚震旦世微古植物特征及意义

本文着重研究了扬子地台北缘上震旦统陡山沱组、灯影组及下寒武统下部岩家河段的微古植物组合特征。初步建立了Ⅰ、Ⅱ两个微古植物组合，分别与陡山沱村阶和灯影峡阶相对应，分析了微古植物组合在地层划分与对比及在震旦系－寒武系界线的划分上所起的作用。     

多中心空间结构经济绩效的研究进展及启示

通过回顾国外多中心经济绩效的相关理论与实证研究,探讨多中心空间结构的经济绩效,特别是单中心与多中心绩效的对比研究,得出如下结论：由于城市之间可以通过“互借规模”、发挥专业化分工与协作的比较优势,加之较小的城市规模可以相对避免集聚不经济的产生,多中心空间结构理论上可以获得同等规模单一城市享有的集聚经济;受城市规模、发展阶段、地理空间尺度、功能联系、行业构成的异质性等因素影响,多中心空间结构的经济绩效表现不一。最后提出了深化国内研究的方向以及相关政策启示。     

A consistent derivation of the wave-energy equation from basic hydrodynamic principles

Based on a decomposition of the velocity into mean flow, turbulent and wave components, momentum and hereafter a wave-energy equation is derived. It contains a turbulent energy dissipation term which is closed by applying a wave-related mixing length model and linear wave theory solutions. This closure produces a non-linear turbulent wave-energy dissipation including the wave energy in a 5/2 power law. The theory is able to predict correctly the shape of deep-water wave spectra according to Phillips' similarity law.Responsible Editor: Hans Burchard     

Collision Analysis Between Spudcan and Seabed During the Process of Jack-up Platform Lowering Jack-up Legs

China Ocean Engineering - In the leg-lowering process, the offshore jack-up platform is in a floating state, and the spudcan may collide with the seabed due to the platform motion in waves, thereby...     

林木水力结构与抗旱性研究综述

干旱是主要的环境胁迫因子之一,对林木影响非常广泛和深刻。我国自20世纪80年代开始,对林木抗旱性及其机理进行了大量的研究,并且取得了一定的研究成果,然而到目前为止,仍然很难定量地证实树木的一些生理参数的一种或任何一种组合可以实质性地改善树木的耐旱行为。水力结构理论形成于20世纪70年代,引入我国仅仅10 a时间。它是指植物在特定的环境条件下,为适应生存竞争的需要所形成的不同的形态结构和水分运输供给策略。从树木水力结构理论的理论基础、主要参数、树木水力结构和木质部空穴与栓塞化的关系,以及关于水力结构的国内外研究现状进行了详细介绍,并且对树木的水力结构与抗旱性的关系进行了探讨,认为树木木质部的空穴与栓塞化在水分亏缺解除以后的恢复能力与树木的抗旱性密切相关,并针对我国的树木水力结构研究现状提出了一些建议。     

三峡库区紫色土坡地养分状况及养分流失*

紫色土是三峡库区移民安置区的主要坡地土壤。本研究采用典型区域调查,代表性土壤剖面养分分析,结合实验小区人工降雨的方法,初步研究了发育于侏罗纪紫色砂泥岩母质上紫色土的养分状况、养分流失特点、过程及影响养分流失因素。     

Heliospheric Observations of STEREO-Directed Coronal Mass Ejections in 2008?–?2010: Lessons for Future Observations of Earth-Directed CMEs

We present a study of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) which impacted one of the STEREO spacecraft between January 2008 and early 2010. We focus our study on 20 CMEs which were observed remotely by the Heliospheric Imagers (HIs) onboard the other STEREO spacecraft up to large heliocentric distances. We compare the predictions of the Fixed-?? and Harmonic Mean (HM) fitting methods, which only differ by the assumed geometry of the CME. It is possible to use these techniques to determine from remote-sensing observations the CME direction of propagation, arrival time and final speed which are compared to in-situ measurements. We find evidence that for large viewing angles, the HM fitting method predicts the CME direction better. However, this may be due to the fact that only wide CMEs can be successfully observed when the CME propagates more than 100^° from the observing spacecraft. Overall eight CMEs, originating from behind the limb as seen by one of the STEREO spacecraft can be tracked and their arrival time at the other STEREO spacecraft can be successfully predicted. This includes CMEs, such as the events on 4 December 2009 and 9 April 2010, which were viewed 130^° away from their direction of propagation. Therefore, we predict that some Earth-directed CMEs will be observed by the HIs until early 2013, when the separation between Earth and one of the STEREO spacecraft will be similar to the separation of the two STEREO spacecraft in 2009??C?2010.     

A site evaluation campaign for a ground based atmospheric Cherenkov telescope in Romania

Around the world, several scientific projects share the interest of a global network of small Cherenkov telescopes for monitoring observations of the brightest blazars??the DWARF network. A small, ground based, imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope of last generation is intended to be installed and operated in Romania as a component of the DWARF network. To prepare the construction of the observatory, two support projects have been initiated. Within the framework of these projects, we have assessed a number of possible sites where to settle the observatory. In this paper we submit a brief report on the general characteristics of the best four sites selected after the local infrastructure, the nearby facilities and the social impact criteria have been applied.     

An analysis of the causes of decadal variations of rainfall in Shandong in summer

The precipitation in Shandong in July, August as well as the whole summer (JJA) and the corresponding 500hPa geopotential height fields are analyzed by means of the SVD (singular value decomposition) methodology. It is found that the general circulations in East Asia and the Western Pacific underwent decadal changes around 1979. The geopotential height, in particular over key areas like the South China Sea and the Philippines, increased after 1979. Corresponding to the changes in the geopotential height, the rainfall in Shandong started to decrease around 1979. The synthesized analysis shows that when the geopotential height at 500hPa level decreases in the key areas, the Western Pacific subtropical high shifts northward and an anticyclonic anomalous cell enforces the southerly flow over Shandong-Korea-Japan, Shandong could experience a wet period. A dry period is likely to occur when the geopotential height increases in these key areas, the subtropical high moves southward or expands westward to a great distance, and a cyclonic anomalous cell controls Shandong. Respective conceptual models for the causative mechanism are obtained for the cases of July, August and the whole summer (JJA).     

区域视觉形象识别系统设计的理论与实践

目前，全国各地正在兴起区域形象设计与建设的浪潮，但如何把区域形象信息系统地传递出去，这方面的理论研究大大落后于实践。文章就区域形象信息传递的有效工具－区域视觉识别系统设计的主要内容，设计的原则，设计的基本流程等在理论与实践上作了较为详细的探讨，并就区域视觉识别系统设计方案的经济学论证作了一些有益探讨。