Effect of Sea Level Variation on Tidal Characteristic Values for the East China Sea

1 .IntroductionTheglobalairtemperatureroseabout 0 .5～ 0 .6°Coverthepast 2 0thcentury ,andtheglobalmeansealevelincreasedbyabout2 0cmduringtheperiod .Theregionalmeansealevelriseswiththerisingglobalmeansealevel.Zuoetal.( 1 997)indicatedthatthemeanrisingrateofabsolutemeansealevelalongtheChinacoastontheassumptionofunifiedisostaticdatumis 2mm a .Woodworth( 1 999)analyzedsealevelspanning 1 76 8tothepresentinLiverpool,andobtainedaseculartrendforheperiodupto 1 880of0 .39± 0 .1 7mm a ,andatrendfort…     

煤体静载破坏中低频磁场变化特征及产生机制研究

为了研究煤体静载破坏中低频磁场变化特征及其产生机制,进一步完善煤矿动力灾害监测预警技术,通过室内试验、现场试验研究了煤体静载破坏中低频磁场时、频谱特征,并结合微震信号提出了低频磁信号的产生机制。结果表明：煤体静载破坏中所产生低频磁场信号强度为19～156 nT,信号最大幅值、能量与试样强度、加载速度均呈正相关关系。垂直于裂纹扩展面磁场最强,平行于裂纹扩展面磁场最弱。并结果微震信号提出了低频磁场产生机制。低频磁场与微震信号具有时、频域同步性,带电裂纹面随微震信号同频振荡为低频磁场产生机制。现场放炮破煤低频磁信号由簇状脉冲信号及小幅震荡信号组成,其中簇状脉冲成分产生于炮后振动波带动带电壁面的同频振动,而小幅震荡成分是巷帮煤壁趋向新应力平衡状态时发生的横向拉伸破坏及带电煤碎屑运移、摩擦及转动的结果。     

In-Situ Observation of Fluid Mud in the North Passage of Yangtze Estuary, China

Observations of fluid mud were made in the lower North Passage of the Yangtze Estuary in February 2000, on 10 -11 August 2000, on 30 - 31 August 2000 (after two strong typhoons), on 21 - 24 August 2000 (neap tide) and on 3 -6 September 2000 (mean tide) respectively. In situ data show that the fluid mud in this area consists of fine cohesive sediment (median size 7.23 μm). The formation and movement of fluid mud varied during the neap-spring and flood-ebb tidal cycle. Observations suggest that fluid mud phenomena in this area may be categorised in a three-fold manner as slack water, storm and saltwedge features. The thickness of the fluid mud layer of slack water during the neap tide ranged from 0.2 to 0.96 m, whereas during the mean tide, the thickness ranged from 0.17 to 0.73 m, and the thickness of the fluid mud layer was larger during slack water than at the flood peak. Shoals cover an area of 800 km^2 with a water depth smaller than 5 m. Erosion of these extensive intertidal mudflats due to storm action provides an abundant sediment source. This is particularly significant in this estuary when the tidal level is lower than 5 m. The lower North Passage is a typical zone of saltwater wedging, so the saltwedge fluid mud has the most extensive spatial range in the estuary.     

陀螺经纬仪的读数方法比较研究

介绍了陀螺定向测量中三种不同的数据采集方法，分析了各种方法的优缺点。作者认为传感器采集数据自动化程度高，精度高，特别是运用位置敏感探测器（PSD）采样数据量大，具有一定的抗干扰能力，但在运用传感器采样时必须注意克服非线性误差。     

南海海域新生代沉积盆地的油气资源

南海新生代经历过大陆张裂与分离、海底扩张和地块碰撞等构造演化历史,南海北部为被动大陆边缘,南部是碰撞挤压边缘,东部为俯冲聚敛边缘,西部是走滑边缘。在这种构造体制下,形成了许多沉积盆地。北部和西部边缘上发育着张性沉积盆地和走滑拉张盆地;在南部边缘上,其北部发育着张性盆地,南部为挤压环境下形成的盆地,如前陆盆地、前孤盆地;东部边缘上发育着前孤盆地。目前油气勘探实践证明,南海南部的油气资源比北部丰富。究其原因,南海北部为被动大陆边缘,张性沉积盆地的烃源岩体积较小,而南部挤压环境下形成的沉积盆地的烃源岩体积大;北部的地热流较南部小,因此地温梯度也较小,故南部边缘烃源岩的成熟度比北部高;由于南部边缘处于挤压构造环境,在沉积盆地中形成了许多挤压构造,而北部边缘一直处于张性构造环境,形成的构造较少且较小;同时,南部边缘沉积盆地中,烃源岩生烃与构造形成在时间上搭配较好。因此,在南海南部边缘沉积盆地中形成了许多大型油气田,而南海北部边缘沉积盆地中,大型油气田较少,中小型油气田较多。     

Box-Behnken设计-效应面法优选百合防褐变加工工艺研究

目的：优选百合防褐变的加工工艺。方法：在单因素试验基础上,以王百合苷B含量、褐变度、浸出物为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken设计效应面法考察烫片时间、干燥温度、干燥时间对其质量的影响,优选百合的防褐变加工工艺参数。结果:百合防褐变加工工艺为烫片时间3.5 min,干燥温度90℃,干燥时间3.0 h。结论：优选的百合防褐变加工工艺合理可行,可适用于工业生产。     

Consistency Problem with Tracer Advection in the Atmospheric Model GAMIL

The radon transport test, which is a widely used test case for atmospheric transport models, is carried out to evaluate the tracer advection schemes in the Grid-Point Atmospheric Model of IAP-LASG （GAMIL）. Two of the three available schemes in the model are found to be associated with significant biases in the polar regions and in the upper part of the atmosphere, which implies potentially large errors in the simulation of ozone-like tracers. Theoretical analyses show that inconsistency exists between the advection schemes and the discrete continuity equation in the dynamical core of GAMIL and consequently leads to spurious sources and sinks in the tracer transport equation. The impact of this type of inconsistency is demonstrated by idealized tests and identified as the cause of the aforementioned biases. Other potential effects of this inconsistency are also discussed. Results of this study provide some hints for choosing suitable advection schemes in the GAMIL model. At least for the polax-region-concentrated atmospheric components and the closely correlated chemical species, the Flux-Form Semi-Lagrangian advection scheme produces more reasonable simulations of the large-scale transport processes without significantly increasing the computational expense.     

重要的海洋测绘成果——南海重磁异常图

在前人工作基础上,校正、处理、整合升华了1987~2007年的南海海洋重磁调查成果,编制完成南海空间重力异常图、南海磁力ΔT异常图两份基础图件,探索了南海磁力ΔZ⊥异常的处理方法,并且获得了可信的南海磁力ΔZ⊥异常图。成果证实,本文编制的南海重力测量图件、磁力测量图件与南海多波束测深测量的结果匹配,这三种地球物理的成果可以互为验证、互为补充,并且与拖网获得的岩石地球物理性质一致,说明所编制的南海海洋测绘图件可信。提出开展多兵种联合的海洋测绘工作建议,这是海洋测绘发展的方向,互为验证、互为补充的海洋测绘成果才能踏实用于海洋资源、海洋地质灾害预测、海防等领域的基础研究,才能为决策提供客观依据。     

纳米生态基在凡纳滨对虾养殖中的应用研究

研究了凡纳滨对虾集约化养殖池塘中挂设不同密度的纳米生态基对养殖水质及对虾生长的影响。试验共使用12口养殖池,生态基的挂设密度分别为0.029,0.043和0.058 m2/m3水体,以不挂设纳米生态基的养殖池为对照。结果表明,挂设纳米生态基能明显降低养殖水体的氨氮、亚硝氮和COD含量,挂设生态基处理组池塘水体中氨氮与对照组之间差异显著(P0.05),亚硝氮在试验第7 d后差异显著(P0.05);纳米生态基能较好的稳定池塘水体的DO水平,增氧时DO增加速度与挂设生态基的密度成正比,增氧关闭时DO减小速度与挂设生态基的密度成反比;生态基能提高凡纳滨对虾产量并有效降低其饵料系数,对虾产量分别比对照组高出0.8%,15.3%,3.2%,饵料系数分别降低17%,40%,26%。当对虾放苗密度为150尾/m2时,在本研究设计的梯度范围内,生态基的最佳挂设密度为0.043 m2/m3水体。     

山东省德州市地面沉降控沉分析及建议

山东省德州市地面沉降具有发展历史久、沉降量大、分布范围广、持续发展等特征,地面沉降防治工作形势紧迫.为分析《山东省德州市地面沉降防治规划(2018—2025年)》控沉目标如期实现的可能性,以德州市地面沉降现状及现有防治手段为基础,通过区域地面沉降速率公式量化计算及中心沉降速率预测进行控沉目标可行性分析.结果表明,在最严格的水资源管理制度条件下,控沉目标可以实现.针对地面沉降防治存在的问题,如地面沉降监测手段及监测频率有待提高、防治经费缺乏保障、地面沉降成因机理研究不深入、治理欠缺等,从管理和技术两方面出发,提出了包括健全监测网络、控采地下水、加大地面沉降知识宣传等控沉建议.该研究可为德州市切实有效进行地面沉降防治工作提供参考.